A highly conserved and coexpressed gene set of Arabidopsis thaliana Aux/IAAs was inactivated by genomic editing. The shade-avoidance-like phenotypes of these iaa1/2/3/4/7/16 sextuple mutants revealed their essential roles for the optimal integration between light and auxin signalling pathways.

Rice transcription factor CRYPTOCHROME-INTERACTING BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX 1-LIKE (OsCIB1L) promotes flowering time by interacting with OsCRY2 to mediate blue light-induced upregulation of Early heading date 1. Natural alleles in OsCIB1L and OsCRY2 contribute to the adaptive expansion of rice cultivation areas.

Three important horticultural crops with contrasting stomatal density (cucumber > tomato > chrysanthemum) acclimated to elevated CO₂ with very different strategies: Cucumber mostly acclimated via stomatal conductance responses, whereas chrysanthemum mostly acclimated via photosynthetic biochemistry.

By disentangling the direct and indirect effects of climate change on species interactions, here we demonstrate that indirect effects—rather than direct—on the plant and insect herbivore physiology are key to understand how plant-herbivore interactions may proceed in a changing world.

Wheat yellow mosaic virus P2 protein exerts VSR activity in Nicotiana benthamiana by interfering with the CaM–CAMTA3 interaction to facilitate virus efficient systemic infection.

The metagenomic analyses and structural equation modelling indicated that Bradyrhizobium significantly affected the nitrogen fixation, whereas the nrfC and nirA influenced the nitrogen transfer. Overall, our study identified key bacterial genus and genes associated with nitrogen fixation and transfer, thus advancing our understanding of interspecific interactions and highlighting the pivotal role of soil microorganisms and functional genes in maintaining soil ecosystem stability from a molecular ecological perspective.

This study identified the role and mechanisms of relatedness-mediated neighbour discrimination in the improvement of performance and yield in rice cultivar mixtures, and found root-secreted (–)-loliolide's role as a key component of rice response to neighbour genetic relatedness interactions.

Stomatal dynamics in a wild grass arise from the evolving interplay between photosynthetic physiology and the size and biochemical function of stomatal complexes.

KCS19, encoding a fatty acid elongase 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, plays a crucial role in synthesizing very-long-chain fatty acids for cuticular wax and seed storage lipids in Arabidopsis. Its function significantly impacts plant responses to drought and salt stress.

The bioactive extracellular compounds of Alexandrium minutum can induce interspecies interaction by affecting the cell physiology of related harmful algae, mainly showing damage to photosynthetic organelles and redistribution of intracellular biomacromolecules.

FveDREB1B activates FveSCL23, and both interact with FveDELLA to inhibit the initiation of reproductive growth, respectively. FveDREB1B activates FveCHS and promotes anthocyanin accumulation in leaves. Both pathways contribute to the cold tolerance of woodland strawberry.

The rice pollen-preferential invertase gene PWIN1 was required for pollen chilling tolerance. PWIN1 deficiency reduced pollen viability and seed-setting rate, while overexpression increased pollen viability and seed-setting rate as compared with the wild-type under chilling conditions. This study provides a new module to improve chilling-tolerance of rice at the booting stage.

Our work identifies an apple dimple fruit viroid-derived small RNA that mediating the cleavage of mRNA of a bHLH transcription factor MdPIF1, a positive regulator in anthocyanin biosynthesis, resulting in decreased synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin in apple (Malus domestica) fruits.

Rather than depending solely on mycorrhizal symbioses, Myrtaceae and Fabaceae showed multiple P-acquisition strategies growing in severely P-impoverished environments as did Proteaceae. High investment of metabolite P and low investment of nucleic acid P was associated with high P-use efficiency.

An unreported regulatory mechanism of heat stress response mediated by the module LlERF012-LlHSFA1 was proposed, which confers thermotolerance by activating both the class A and the class B HSF pathway. The results provide new evidence on ERF-mediated coordination of different HSFs in plant thermotolerance.

We investigated the genome and transcriptome of Hygrophila difformis, establishing a model for heterophylly and functions of environmental factors on phenotype.

Mediterranean species submitted to aggravated water stress have maintained their hydraulic safety margin (HSM). For Pinus halepensis and Quercus pubescens, HSM maintenance resulted from their capacity to escape water stress, while it results from the plasticity of Ψ_tlp and P50 for Quercus ilex.

Here, we explore the microbiome around the rhizoids of bryophyte plants, termed rhizoid-sphere. These microbiome changes under drought are similar to the rhizosphere of angiosperms. Microbes that could promote plant growth and fix nitrogen seem to be recruited by specific bryophyte species.

Little is known about the molecular response and resistance mechanisms of seagrass to sulfide stress. This study indicates that photosynthesis-related pathways in eelgrass are significantly inhibited under sulfide stress, while carbohydrate and sulfur metabolism-related pathways are markedly activated, which may represent potential resistance mechanisms.

CsCIPK11 decodes cold signals and modulates antioxidant capacity by phosphorylating CsGSTU23, leading to improved cold tolerance in tea plants. CsCIPK11- CsGSTU23 module regulates cold tolerance in tea plant and supplies gene resources for cold-resistant tea cultivar breeding.

We employed BSA-seq to identify a novel Pik allele, Pik-W25, from the wild rice WR25. Pik-W25 can recognise AvrPik-C, -D, or -E alleles and trigger resistance. Notably, the Pik-W25 NIL showed enhanced field resistance to leaf and panicle blast without significant morphological or developmental differences. These findings advance our knowledge of rice blast resistance mechanisms and offer valuable resources for effective and sustainable rice blast control strategies.

O₃-caused decrease of g_m in two Populus × canadensis Moench clones is mainly driven by altered subcellular traits, notably cell wall and cytoplasm thickening, inter-chloroplast spacing and the ratio of exposed chloroplasts to mesophyll surface area (S_c/S_m). However, the observed g_m-anatomy relationship is clone-dependent.

To explore the mechanisms for natural deficient and UV-induced anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Jinxiu’ peach peel, the study was conducted and it was revealed that anthocyanin accumulation is regulated by a transcriptional cascade involving activators PpMYB10.1/10.3 and repressor PpMYB80.

Eco-evolutionary theory (EEO) can yield insight into how plant traits are likely to adapt to future climatic conditions. However, current implementations typically focus on maximising plant carbon gain while omitting important processes related to tissue construction and relative allocation which are important for understanding plant growth rates, and consequently, fitness. Using a height-growth based trait optimisation framework incorporating plant hydraulics, we predict how four key traits: leaf mass per area, sapwood area to leaf area ratio (Huber value), wood density and sapwood-specific conductivity, respond to soil moisture, atmospheric aridity, $<math altimg="urn:x-wiley:01407791:media:pce15042:pce15042-math-0003" wiley:location="equation/pce15042-math-0003.png" display="inline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mrow><msub><mtext>CO</mtext><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></mrow></math>$ and light availability and consider these predictions in light of empirical observations. Finally, we use this framework to explore how simultaneous optimisation of multiple traits can yield species turnover across a soil moisture gradient. The model shows that, when plants maximise height-growth rate, the optimal value of leaf-mass-per-area, Huber value, wood density and sapwood-specific conductivity shifts with the environment and through plant ontogeny in line with empirical results.

We conducted a ¹⁵N-labelling experiment on canopy leaves of 19 woody species with diverse traits. We found that species with acquisitive traits had higher foliar nitrogen (N) uptake than conservative species, providing insights into the necessity of accounting foliar uptake into ecosystem N budget.

Our study demonstrates that there is no interactive effect of warming and elevated CO₂ on the photosynthetic capacity (V_cmax and J_max) of mature trees (~45 years old) of black spruce and tamarack, when grown under realistic field conditions.

Addressing trait coupling due to gene pleiotropy presents challenges in conventional breeding system. However, targeted hormonal manipulation and precise genetic engineering designs hold promise to alleviate trade-offs and unlock the potential of crops for multiple desirable traits.

Specific components of the plastid ribosome could act as pivotal limiting factors in plant temperature acclimation. We endeavour to elucidate the molecular nexus between plastid translation and temperature acclimation by incorporating the concept of extraribosomal ‘moonlighting’ functions of plastid ribosome proteins.

In soil-grown roots of barley, the endodermal cell suberization was initiated far much closer towards the root tip, suberin amounts were almost doubled, and roots were more than twofold longer compared with hydroponics. There is a very different plastic response to water stress in soil-grown roots compared with hydroponically cultivated roots.

The soybean transcription factor GmNF-YB20 confers resistance to stripe rust in transgenic wheat by regulating nonspecific lipid transfer protein genes. Our findings provide perspective regarding the molecular mechanism of GmNF-YB20 in wheat and highlight the potential use for wheat breeding.

This article explores the dual benefits of reducing lignin content in plants, which streamlines biofuel production while maintaining robust defence mechanisms. It discusses how plants compensate for lower lignin levels through alternative defence strategies, recent biotechnological advances in lignin modification, and the implications for agriculture and industry.

How Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi induces abnormal floral development in their hosts is largely unknown. Here we reported a novel effector, PHYL1_JWB, mediates the degradation of flower morphogenetic regulators by relying on the 26S proteasome and acting independently of lysine ubiquitination.

Based on flow-centrifuge experiments and modelling, we found that embolism formation is not only driven by pressure, but also involves gas movement, which is affected by time, temperature, and vessel anatomy. These findings contribute to a better understanding of plant water transport.

This study explored the use of proximal spectroscopy in predicting plant water stress indicators of two native Australian tree species. We derived new spectral indices that enabled very high prediction of leaf water potential, equivalent water thickness, and fuel moisture content.

This study demonstrates that a tomato plasma membrane-bound NADPH oxidase is a direct interactor of a bacterial effector protein to mediate plant defence, providing important new information on the interplay between this devastating pathogen and its host plant.

We demonstrate that Gβγ dimers modulate auxin distribution at the root tip via the auxin efflux transporters PIN1/PIN2, consequently enhancing the adaptive response of plant roots to low K⁺ conditions. This underscores the critical role of G protein β and γ subunits in the morphogenetic processes of root architecture under low K⁺ stress.

High solar radiation exacerbated the negative effects of extreme drought on plant growth and fine root traits. Ectomycorrhizae did not compensate for fine roots under drought stress. Fine roots biomass determined the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi, supporting the energy limitation hypothesis.

The mechanism that initiates stomatal closure during drought is not fully understood. We find that an increase in abscisic acid levels in leaves triggers the onset of stomatal closure during drought.

Inspired by the exceptional penetration abilities of plant roots, here we perform an experimental and computational analysis of root-soil mechanical interactions. We find that, compared to pushing, a grow-driven strategy reduces frictional forces and mechanical work, with lower propagation of displacements in the surrounding medium.

The genetic diversity of sodium accumulation in tomato shoot under salt stress is associated with an expression QTL of SlHKT1.2. This gene, already identified as involved in tomato salinity tolerance, has been differentially selected during domestication and is of interest for the development of salinity-tolerant varieties.

The transcription factor WRKY51 enhances proline production in tomato by regulating the expression of the D-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene SlP5CS1 under chilling stress.

Arabidopsis immune variation at warm temperature is independent of the thermosensitive salicylic acid regulator BASIC HELIX LOOP HELIX 059 but shows accession-specific dependence on sustained expression of CALMODULIN BINDING PROTEIN 60-LIKE G and SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT1, which encode master transcription factors of plant immunity.

This manuscript demonstrated that MAPKKK28, a previously uncharacterized mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase in rice, functions upstream of the MKK1-MPK1 cascade to positively regulate abscisic acid responses and the tolerance to oxidative stress and osmotic stress.

We demonstrated that systematic training and testing of random forest regression models using a comprehensive data set, covering different plant functional types, can pinpoint leaf structural and anatomical traits that determine mesophyll conductance.

The drastic change in wood anatomy in woody vines offers an excellent model for studying wood differentiation and the adaptation of vines to climbing. In Bignonia magnifica (Bignoniaceae), attachment to supports triggers increased vessel size, broader vessel distribution, reduced fibre content, and higher water conductivity. These changes coincide with the downregulation of genes for cell division and cell wall biosynthesis, and the upregulation of transcription factors, defense/cell death, and hormone-responsive genes.

The nucleolus, a dynamic membrane-less structure within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, serves as a prominent site of ribosome biogenesis. Recent research has demonstrated that it plays a multifaceted role in plant growth and development, as well as in responses to environmental stresses. This review explores the latest advances in the impact of nucleolar actions on plant development and stress responses. Understanding these processes may facilitate the development of promising strategies to enhance crop resilience and mitigate the impact of biotic and abiotic stresses in agricultural systems.

The differential expression and preferential transport activity of DkDTX1/MATE1 promote the accumulation of more epigallocatechin gallate in the early stage of fruit development, which leads to the high astringency of fruit in persimmon.

We investigated photosynthesis acclimation and dynamics of leaf transpiration under specific light fluctuations in A. thaliana. The response was stronger for more intense fluctuations and showed a divergent response whereby photosynthesis is reduced but transpiration rose compared to steady light.

The components of the mediator kinase module are highly conserved across eukaryotic lines and cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is essential for correct cell proliferation and development. We show here that control of leaf development is closely linked to the establishment of correct stomata patterning through the impact of CDK8. Comprehending the plasticity of plant morphology and the mechanisms behind it is essential for our understanding of plant environmental responses and the consequences of climate change.

• 1)

  The effects of introduced broadleaf tree species on benefits of pure forest (PF) was evaluated.

• 2)

  Both species probably have competition for water at low levels in the mixed forests (MF).

• 3)

  Although the co-existing tree limited the Basal area increment of MF, the water use efficiency and gross primary productivity increased.

• 4)

  The introduction of MFs enhances the water and nutrient acquisition resources.

We unveil a novel function of DES1-mediated H₂S in alleviating the inhibition of primary root growth induced by phosphate starvation. By promoting the expression of SQD1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, H₂S effectively counteracts the adverse effects of phosphate deficiency on root growth.

N10 and N20 are the most suitable fertilisation modes for seedlings of Malus sieversii in the study area. In contrast, phosphorus-containing fertilisation (including adding P and N20Px) has proven to be less suitable for these seedlings in this specific region. Additionally, we have proposed for the first time the hypothesis that plant resource allocation determines trait relationships, aiming to explain the differences in plant trait networks under varying environmental conditions.

AtCIPK20 localises to the cortical microtubules, a subcellular distribution feature disrupted by its interactions with CBL partners. It regulates microtubule depolymerization mediated by ABA, thereby promoting stomatal closure and positively modulating Arabidopsis drought resistance.

The photosynthetic capacity and limitations in Arctic shrubs revealing contrasting adaptations among Salix species that may influence their ability to provide negative carbon feedback to the atmosphere in high-Arctic tundra, despite their similar photosynthetic rate compared to a global data set.

We identified small open reading frames× (sORF) in the intergenic regions of the cucumber genome. Analysing genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics data revealed the possible expression of sORF. Five predicted proteins in cucumber interact with proteins in Meloidogyne incognita and Powdery mildew.

Arabidopsis thaliana–Methylobacterium sp. 2A interaction and communication involve the modulation of plant hormones, root colonisation, and the production of volatile organic compounds. Methylobacterium sp. 2A promotes plant growth via auxin-mediated regulation of the root architecture.

BBX13, a previously uncharacterized protein in the B-Box family of transcription factors, negatively regulates flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. BBX13 physically and genetically interacts with CO and inhibits the CO-mediated transcriptional activation of FT.

The atypical CDSP32 thioredoxin participates in the response to saline-alkaline stress and in the activation of photosynthesis in Solanum tuberosum, likely by affecting the redox regulation of the γ subunit of ATP-synthase complex.

The cell cycle is associated with periodic oscillation of the cellular redox environment. Our investigation of subcellular glutathione and thiol-containing molecules in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has provided new insights into their role in regulating the cell cycle.

We studied the poorly understood intra-seasonal dynamics of resin δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O. We found that resin δ¹³C was c. 2‰ lower than sucrose δ¹³C, while resin δ¹⁸O was c. 20‰ higher than xylem water δ¹⁸O in mature Pinus sylvestris. Both resin δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O recorded a signal of soil water potential.

BnBBX22.A07 functions positively in salt responses not only by activating ROS scavenging-related genes, but also by indirectly activating BnWRKY33.C03 in Brassica napus.

The Ca²⁺ATPase family gene OsACAs were identified as new targets of miR1432. The effect of the miR1432-OsACA module on abiotic stress response was first identified in rice.

Hydraulic failure alone is insufficient to induce maize leaf death, extended dehydration led to leaf death at −2.7 to −2.9 MPa or 55−58% relative water content. With leaf development, this lethal threshold remains relatively constant, while the recoverable safety margin (stomatal closure to recovery capacity loss) significantly decreased.

In this study, we investigated the genetic basis of changes in spike morphology during wheat breeding. We identified candidate regions responsible for consistent alterations in spike morphology traits that led to increased yield. Furthermore, we constructed a genetic network of related genomic regions. Our findings unveil the genetic underpinnings of breeding selection and the interplay of spike morphology traits, offering valuable resources for the regulation of spike morphology in wheat.

The function of the plant TDP1 genes and their roles in DDR are far from being elucidated. By using Arabidopsis thaliana single and double mutants, our study indicates that TDP1β may play relevant functions related to the presence of double-strand breaks and replication stress, thus providing novel data regarding its role in DNA repair.

We obtained 16 candidate PPR genes associated with albino phenotype of Kandelia obovata propagule leaves. We successfully predicted target genes of Maker00002998 protein including rps14, rpoC1, and rpoC2, in which RNA editing sites were experimentally verified. In vitro RNA pull-down assay confirmed that Maker00002998 protein could bind to rps14 transcript. In this study, we proposed a working model to describe the involvement of Maker00002998-medidated RNA editing in plastid development.

Phaseolus vulgaris and Spinacia oleracea grown under varying NH₄⁺:NO₃⁻ ratio show ¹³C-depletion in leaf-respired CO₂ as NH₄⁺ proportion increases. Supervised multivariate analysis shows that δ¹³C of respired CO_{2 is} mostly determined by malate-citrate metabolism in leaves and roots of both species.