Mechanical Metamaterials

In article number 2403082, Xin Wang, Zhen Li, Pengfei Wang, and co-workers designed mechanical metamaterials with multi-level dynamic crushing effects (MM-MLs) through coordinate transformation and mirror arrays. MM-MLs exhibit significant parameter controllability and are capable of achieving various platform stress regions, ranges of Poisson's ratios, and energy absorption requirements, tailored to the specific application scenario. The proposed design scheme can offer insights into adaptive crushing protection requirements.

Oral Drug Delivery

In article number 2403640, Matteo Tollemeto and co-workers aimed to design a nanoparticle drug delivery system that maintains drug solubility while delaying absorption from the stomach to the intestine. In vivo rat studies of pH-responsive polymersomes showed reduced stomach absorption and enhanced intestinal absorption, offering a promising treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.

Thermoelectric 2D Materials

The atomically thin 2D SnTe can be utilized to harvest waste heat around us. The flexibility of the 2D SnTe can be effective to coat/paint to different topology and shows multifold enhancement in thermoelectric properties. More in article number 2403728, Punathil Raman Sreeram, Chandra Sekhar Tiwary, and co-workers.

Tumor Therapy

In article number 2400770, Fan Lu, Guodong Yang, Gang Ji, and co-workers developed an outer membrane vesicle (OMV)-based nanosystem to unleash the anti-tumor immunity via targeted degradation of PDL1. The tumor homing OMVs derived from engineered bacteria are empowered to trigger PDL1 degradation after simply absorbing dual ligands for lysosome-targeting receptor and PDL1. The proposed bacteria-driven PDL1 degrader is highly manufacturable and scalable, shedding new light on immune checkpoint blockade therapy.

Lipid-based nanoparticles are effective drug-delivery systems primarily consisting of liposomes and membrane-based nanoparticles. The potential of liposomes can be improved through surface modification. Liposomes can be transformed into biomimetic nanoparticles by coating them with various cell membranes originating from immune cells, circulatory cells, or stem cells. Surface engineering enhances nanoparticle circulation, targetability, and biocompatibility without causing immunogenicity.

The review summarizes recently developed biomimetic vectors for messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery, highlighting their advantages such as high biocompatibility, tissue-specific targeting ability, and efficient delivery mechanisms. It discusses four types of vectors, including viral, bacterial, cell-derived vectors, and biomimetic mineralized nanoparticles. Furthermore, the review addresses the challenges and prospects of these vectors, presenting advancements in mRNA-based therapies within the biomedical field.

It is necessary and challenging to explore high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts. In flexible rechargeable Zn–air batteries (FZABs), the bifunctional electrocatalysts are widely utilized in the form of powder-based flexible air cathodes and flexible self-supporting air cathodes. Various nanostructures, such as interfaces, frameworks, core–shell structures, and array structures are designed to contribute to the realization of high performance of FZABs.

Non-fullerene n-type organic semiconductors play a critical role as alternatives to fullerene electron transport materials (ETMs) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this review, non-fullerene ETMs based on the molecular functionalization strategy are comprehensively summarized and their device efficiency and stability are thoroughly discussed. More efficient and stable inverted PSCs are expected with the innovation of new non-fullerene ETMs.

The progress in electrochemical urea synthesis by utilizing different nitrogen (NO₃⁻, N₂, NO₂⁻, and N₂O) and carbon (CO₂ and CO) sources is summarized. A comprehensive analysis of the benefits, drawbacks, and latest developments in modern urea detection techniques is discussed.

High entropy materials are widely used in electrocatalysis due to the synergistic effect of many components. This review provides a detailed overview of the properties and types, synthesis strategies, and applications in electrocatalysis of high-entropy materials. Finally, the progress, challenges, and opportunities of high entropy materials in electrocatalysis are summarized.

Conventional and unconventional acidic OER mechanisms such as AEM, dual-site mechanism, and LOM are fully analyzed, and relevant Ir-based electrocatalyst optimization strategies are summarized and classified from the perspective of these reaction mechanisms. Further, the active species of Ir-based electrocatalysts in acidic OER are discussed and summarized. Finally, the future research direction and prospect of Ir-based electrocatalysts are presented.

Energy harvesting systems represent a game-changing innovation in biosensor powering, providing long-term, off-grid options for continuous, autonomous operation. This study examines diverse harvesting techniques—optical, mechanical, thermal, and wireless—and emphasizes their vital role in improving biosensor efficiency and application. These breakthroughs have the potential to change industries such as medicine, environmental surveillance, and biosignal analysis, demonstrating considerable progress in decreasing environmental impact and increasing the reach of biosensor technology.

Recent progress in the metal-organic framework (MOF)-based aerogels materials, especially the development of hybrid systems incorporating graphene, carbon nanotube, silica, and cellulose @ MOF aerogels, their functional properties, and applications in adsorption, catalysis, and energy storage are reviewed and prospects have been illustrated.

Recent cutting-edge developments of carbon-based metal-free electrochemical catalysts for hydrogen peroxide production via both two electron oxygen reduction reaction and water oxidation reaction are reviewed, with a focus on fundamental concepts, recent strategies for catalyst fabrication, atomic site activation and performance evaluation, reactor/integrated system design, along with current controversial issues and prospects.

Polynitrogen Compounds

Bipentazole (N₁₀) was firstly synthesized on multi walled carbon nanotubes through an electrochemical method, which is a huge breakthrough in the fields of energetic materials and nitrogen chemistry. N₁₀@MWCNTs has been found to be an efficient catalyst for electrochemical synthesis of H₂O₂, which reveals the catalytic performance of polynitrogen materials in addition to high energy, expanding their potential application areas. More In article number 2403615, Jiawei Zhu, Ming Lu, Yuangang Xu, and co-workers.

Aromatic and structurally symmetric bipentazole (N₁₀) is successfully synthesized via electrochemical synthesis using highly conductive multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as the substrate and sodium pentazolate hydrate ([Na(H₂O)(N₅)]·2H₂O) as the raw material. And the N₁₀ stabilized on MWCNTs has excellent 2-electron oxygen reduction properties.

Aggregation-Induced Emission

In article number 2402785, Li Liu, Yanling Luo, Quan Li, and co-workers reported a Feringa-type motor, when in the appropriate aggregation state, not only demonstrates the light-activated rotary motion but emits photons with good quantum yield. The discovery of such novel motorized AIEgen will further stimulate the rise of more advanced molecular motors capable of executing multi-functionalities.

A Feringa-type motor with both rotary and aggregation-induced emissive properties by tuning its extent of aggregation is reported, laying a solid foundation for building motorized materials in which the motor can perform versatile functions.

Anti-Icing/Deicing

In article number 2404979, Guoqiang Li, Jiaxin Yu, Kai Yin, and co-workers report a micro/nano hierarchical crater-like structure (HCLS) via femtosecond laser ablation and boiling water treatment for efficient anti-icing/deicing. The HCLS, drawing inspiration from rose petal and lotus leaf, characterizes ultra-low ice adhesion strength of 1.4 kPa and excellent mechanical durability. This work opens a new avenue to advance the development of anti-icing and deicing surfaces.

The micro/nano hierarchical crater-like structure (HCLS), inspired by rose petal and lotus leaf, is fabricated by femtosecond laser ablation and boiling water treatment and can be used in efficient anti-icing/deicing for its ultra-low ice adhesion strength of 1.4 kPa and exceptional mechanical durability endowed by the unique double bionic structure.

Mechanical metamaterials with multi-level dynamic crushing effects (MM-MLs) are designed in this study through coordinate transformation and mirror arrays. MM-ML has significant parameter controllability and can achieve different platform stress regions, ranges of Poisson's ratios, and energy absorption requirements according to the application scenario. The design scheme can provide ideas for adaptive crushing protection requirements.

A pH-responsive nanoparticles system for oral administration of mycophenolate mofetil, addressing its solubility challenges and enhancing in vivo absorption in the small intestine, presenting a promising approach for treating inflammatory bowel disease is presented.

Bulk and 2D SnTe are synthesized using flame melting and liquid phase exfoliation. Nanostructured 2D SnTe shows a Seebeck coefficient of 280 µV K⁻¹, four times higher than bulk SnTe. This is due to increased DOS and bandgap. Enhanced interface scattering reduces thermal conductivity, yielding a high ZT of 0.17, promising wearable self-charging devices.

An outer membrane vesicle (OMV)-based PD-L1 blockade strategy for efficient elicitation of anti-tumor immunity is developed. Besides enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the Lyp-1 further endows the OMV with the capacity to target tumor tissue. Moreover, biotinylated anti-PD-L1 and biotinylated M6P displayed on the surface coordinately direct the PD-L1 to lysosome for degradation.

Compared to conventional alkaline electrolytes, the addition of KI electrolyte improves the electrochemical-chemical oxidation reaction of I ions in an alkaline environment, which accelerates charge transfer, reduces reaction overpotential, and inhibits the formation of zinc anode dendrites during the reaction process.

A precise control over the motion of prolate ellipsoid-shaped microrobots is achieved using rotating magnetic fields. The article demonstrates contactless capture, controlled transport, and targeted release of cargo particles and live cells, facilitated solely by hydrodynamic interactions. The close-loop control scheme further enables transport of cargo particles in complex microenvironments, such as a maze, without human intervention.

The oxidation process of Nb₂CT_x MXene is methodically simulated at the atomic level and nanosecond timescales, predicting a transition from metal to semiconductor with 44% C atoms replaced by O atoms in Nb₂CT_x. By exploiting MXenes to their derivatives, a promising approach to designing ETL for photovoltaic technologies is demonstrated.

The nanoscale SnSe embedding enhances the thoroughness of electrochemical reactions, while carbon nanofibers buffer internal stress caused by volume expansion. This combined strategy enables SnSe@CNF composite anode to achieve near-theoretical specific capacity of 272 mAh g⁻¹ while maintaining excellent cycling stability.

The primary challenges related to Sn-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the inherent susceptibility of Sn²⁺ oxidation and the significant energy mismatch between the perovskite and electron transport layer (ETL). Doping of n-type polymer (N2200) into PCBM retards the Sn²⁺ oxidation and reduces the conduction band offset energy at the perovskite/ETL interface. This makes Sn-PSCs highly stable under operational conditions.

Pyrrole-1-propionic acid (PA) is electrochemically polymerized in situ to form a cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) film on the high-voltage nickel-rich cathode surface, which can inhibit the decomposition of the electrolytes and minimize the dissolution of the transition metal.

This work demonstrates the importance of designing binuclear molecular catalysts toward urea synthesis. The as-synthesized binuclear cobalt phthalocyanine catalyst shows an ultra-high urea Faradaic efficiency at –0.5 V versus RHE. It is revealed spectroscopically and theoretically that the bridge adsorbed CO acts as active intermediates which can be attacked by nitrite and facilitates C─N coupling.

This study designs a novel triple-interface heterostructure comprising Ni₃Se₄-NiSe₂-Co₃O₄/MXene nanoarrays anchored on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene. This unique architecture exhibits remarkable water-splitting performance by optimizing the electronic structure at the heterointerface, thereby accelerating the adsorption and desorption kinetics of reaction intermediates on its surface.

Blue-emitting CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆ core/shell NCs with high brightness and excellent stability are obtained by controlling the dissolution-recrystallization of CsPbBr₃ nanoplatelets. The emission color of core-shell NCs is adjusted into green, orange, and red by controlling temperature, solvent viscosity, OLA, and halogen. These core/shell NCs exhibit excellent stability and great application prospects in the field of display.

A frozen-temperature laser tuning method (below −28 °C) is developed to achieve giant functionality optimization and stability enhancement (>100 times) of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) for various applications. Freezing allows precise control over laser effects, enhancing CsPbBr₃ nanocube arrays. The laser tuning mechanism is revealed by in situ cryo-TEM at atomic resolution.

Full-color circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence with ultra-high dissymmetry factors (|g_lum| up to 1.43) is achieved by adopting double-layered architectures consisting of the polymeric cholesteric superhelix film induced by chiral helical polymer and phosphorescent films. Multilevel information encryption application is demonstrated based on the multidimensional optical characteristics of the CPRTP architectures.

This study prepares Fe-TPZ nanoparticles by a one-step complexation method for synergistic enhancement of RFA tumor immunotherapy. Fe-TPZ not only exhibits improved physical and chemical properties, but also disrupts the balance of intracellular redox system through Fenton reaction, promotes  activation through hypoxic microenvironment, and activates anti-tumor immune response to treat residual tumors and reduce metastasis.

The multi-faceted abilities of NP_IR1116, encompassing symmetrical stability, high biocompatibility, non-toxic nature, and position them as trailblazers in the realm of cancer treatment. This novel PTA, with its capabilities for live blood vessel imaging and efficient real-time tumor ablation, is a rarity in current reports and signifies a breakthrough in high-precision, non-invasive, real-time image-guided diagnosis and therapies.

Defect-rich metastable MoS₂ nanozymes (1T2H-MoS₂) are designed via reduction and phase transformation in molten sodium. The clinical feasibility of 1T2H-MoS₂ via ex vivo therapeutic responses is demonstrated as a guide treatment for human breast cancer. The 1T2H-MoS₂ can function as an extracellular hydroxyl radical generator, efficiently repolarizing TAMs to the M1-like phenotype and directly killing cancer cells.

Vanadium atoms are controllably introduced into monolayer WS₂ to achieve continuous electrical polarity modulation. Field-effect transistors based on the 4.7 at% V-doped WS₂ show outstanding p-type performance. Expanding on this triumph, the inaugural prototype of a monolayer homogeneous complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) inverter device is constructed through atomic substitutional doping in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs).

A deformable colored sound display is presented by utilizing alternating-current electroluminescence (ACEL) and halide perovskite composite films. The device generates diverse colors with sound at single electric field. The association of color and sound is demonstrated by playing music and notifying the safety state.

Highly active novel NiFeCrVMn high entropy alloy embedded in layered double hydroxide is identified as an electrocatalyst for alkaline seawater oxidation. Additionally, the use of a trace amount of molybdate as an inhibitor in electrolyte provides much-needed anodic protection against chloride corrosion offering sustainable seawater oxidation in industry-level operational parameters.

Colloidal photonic crystals with uniform orientation and high surface coverage are produced by applying centrifugal force during the depletion-induced assembly of polystyrene particles. This force encourages the particles to move toward the bottom surface, facilitating heterogeneous nucleation and rapid unidirectional crystal. These high-quality colloidal crystals enable band-edge lasing with a narrow spectral emission.

Available functionalities in zirconocene-based metallocages provide flexibilities and the respective interaction with bulky IL which eventually decide the degree of their solubility to obtain type II porous liquids with more cavities.

CS-HAP@KAE NPs selectively target CRC cells via CS-CD44 interactions, triggering HAP-mediated Ca release under TME stimuli. In addition, KAE perturbs Ca homeostasis, prompting extracellular Ca influx and intracellular Ca overload, which instigates ER stress and STING/IRF3 signaling. Consequently, NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD axis activation elicits pyroptosis of tumor cells, secreting inflammatory mediators, converting the “cold” TME to “hot”, and potentiating CRC immunotherapy efficacy.

The present work exhibits an efficient strategy by coupling of heterogeneous CoSe-Ni0.95Se with MXene to significant enhance interfacial electronic field, thus dual nucleo/electrophilic sites are integrated into a single transition metal selenide, which facilitates the free energy of H^* adsorption and optimizes the dehydrogenation kinetics of N2H4^*, thereby speeding up the HER and HzOR for overall hydrazine splitting.

Hydrogel coatings merge the surface lubrication with the substrate's mechanical properties. However, their loose networks always bring about surface wear problems. Based on a good solvent swelling and subsurface-initiated polymerization method, a robust lubricating hydrogel coating is developed with an interface semi-interpenetrating network between gel and diverse polymer substrates, to greatly suppress crack and expand wear resistance by entangled chain dissipations, outperforming traditional surface modifications.

Drawing inspiration from the structure and mechanical features of mineralized tissues, an organic–inorganic hybrid hydrogel synthesized via anion-induced simultaneous mineralization and salting-out processes is introduced. The synergistic toughening imparts exceptional mechanical properties and biocompatibility to the hydrogel, showcasing its potential for various biological applications, such as the facilitation of in vitro mineralization of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Excellent pyroelectric and FOMs temperature stability is achieved by designing multilayer potassium sodium niobate -based ceramics, which is superior to other pyroelectric ceramic systems. The excellent temperature stability can be attributed to the graded polarization rotation states among each lamination induced by successive phase transitions.

Gas permeation through a polymeric film into an ionic diode dynamically and reversibly manipulates ionic current rectification (ICR). This process, coupled with an automated gas permeation controller, allows for the manipulation of ion transport. This approach further shows significant potential for the simultaneous operation of multiple ionic diodes/components by individually adjusting the gas permeation controller. It paves the way for more efficient and versatile control of ion transport processes.

Simple and versatile strategies are proposed for synthesis of super-uniform COF colloidal particles and self-assembly of them into 1D supraparticles, 2D ordered mono/multilayers, and 3D COF films. These superstructures demonstrate long-range periodicity while preserving their porosity and high specific surface area. The feasibility of the strategies is examined with different types of COFs.

TpPa-1 COF exhibits adjustable water adsorption sites after exfoliation and deprotonation, which increases the response and recovery speed in humidity sensors for respiration detection. Water molecules tend to accumulate in the 1D pores in deprotonated TpPa-1 COF, leading to linear adsorption and quicker desorption at a low % RH environment.

Li-ion batteries electrochemical performances strongly depend on the electrolyte composition. The fluorinated based electrolytes are developed and compared to the EC-based systems, fluorinated compositions promote the formation of excellent protecting layers on the surface of the cathodes and anodes. Fluorinated electrolyte compositions mitigates the parasitic reactions, gas evolution, and avoids the dissolution of transition metal ions.

Here, the anomalous Nernst effect in the 25-nm-thick (110)-oriented FeRh thin films is observed, which is a result of a spontaneous drop in the transverse voltage driven by the temperature gradient in a magnetic material, over a temperature range of 100–350 K. To elucidate the causes of this phenomenon further, various experimental and theoretical analyses are successfully performed.

Bioactive calcium hydride-driving ‘triple’ hydrogen/alkaline/calcium therapy for efficient treatment of osteomyelitis. CaH₂ reacts with water to generate an alkali environment with OH⁻ to induce bacterial death. The byproduct H₂ molecules enhance bacterial membrane permeability and scavenge excess ROS, and the released Ca²⁺ first cause intra-bacterial calcium overload and subsequently promote new bone formation.

Haloperoxidase (hPOD) activity is imparted, in otherwise inactive Bi₂Te₃ nanosheets, via controlled NaOH (X) etching. Defective (d) d-Bi₂Te₃-X exhibits a maximum of eight times higher hPOD performance than as-grown Bi₂Te₃. The optimum d-Bi₂Te₃-250 displays effective bactericidal and antimicrofouling properties in real maritime settings, showcasing the potential for defect-engineering in non-transition metal chalcogenides for active catalysis.

This paper presents a novel and facile method for obtaining a sponge-like hydrogel with excellent pore structure, outstanding water transport and solar interfacial evaporation performance. The method is based on the Hofmeister effect, whereby the polymer nanofibers are coiled by a combination of salting and salting effects, resulting in the formation of a pore structure.

ZnSnO₃ hollow nanospheres is grown on the surface of zinc foil as a zinc anode solid-electrolyte interface by a simple two-step hydrothermal method. During the cycling process, ZnSnO₃ can induce the uniform deposition of active zinc on the electrode surface, while providing a fast ion diffusion channel to improve the kinetic performance. And the binding energy of ZnSnO₃-Zn is calculated by the density functional theory (DFT) to study the mechanism of uniform deposition of zinc.

A novel D-π-A configured small-molecule donor DTICPF is developed, which exhibits strong and broad optical absorption, and deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels. Vacuum-deposited organic solar cells (OSCs) based on DTICPF: C₇₀ display power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.36% (certified 9.15%) with short-circuit current density (J_sc) up to 17.49 mA cm⁻², which is the highest J_sc reported so far for vacuum-deposited OSCs.

A facile solution etching process creates a pre-corroded Zn (PC-Zn) anode with a 3D ridge-like structure, enhancing active sites and uniform Zn²⁺ diffusion, significantly improving cycling stability and performance in zinc-ion batteries.

This work introduces phenolphthalein polyarylethers as a high-performance alternative binder for high-voltage cathodes. With its excellent electrochemical oxidation resistance and robustness adhesion, phenolphthalein polyarylethers establish an effective ion-conductive CEI/binder composite layer. It effectively mitigates adverse reactions at the cathode-electrolyte interface, reduces voltage polarization, and enhances the cycling and rate performance and ion diffusion kinetics of the cells.

Fiber–optic interventional technology-mediated heterojunction nanomedicine efficiently produces ROS and CO, using LA and GSH as electron donors. This heterojunction nanomedicine not only induces immunogenic cell death in tumor cells but also destroys the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment mediated by high LA concentrations, achieving synergistic catalysis and immunotherapy for in situ rectal cancer treatment.

A monolayer of MXene@SiC@ZIF material is prepared by the concept of dimensional mismatch and joint exfoliation. And according to the previous work, polyaniline (PANI) is generated by in situ polymerization on the surface of ZIF-67 to obtain MXene@SiC@PANI nano-hybrid material. The thermally conductive, flame retardant, and antibacterial properties of thermoplastic polyurethane are effectively improved.

An innovative microfabrication methodology integrating the principles of scanning probe microscopy and local anodic corrosion is proposed to manufacturing freeform surface at gallium arsenide. The etching rate is well controlled by predetermined voltages throughout the scanning motion, resulting high machining accuracy, and demonstrating its competitiveness in the fabrication of functional optical device directly on semiconductor wafers.

The NiFe(OH)_x/MnO₂ p-p heterojunction structure with a large band difference is constructed to induce directional electron transfer redistribution (NiFe(OH)_x to MnO₂), promote the adsorption of reactant /intermediate, optimize the reaction barrier of the rate-controlling step and reduce the formation potential of Ni³⁺ active phase to support efficient urea oxidation reaction (UOR).

This work uses dihydrophenazine derivatives as dopants to build a series of co-doped epoxy resins. Under the UV excitation, dihydrophenazine derivatives generate radicals through an electron transfer process, which are stabilized by epoxy resin chains. The photothermal conversion efficiency of this process reaches 79.9%. This kind of material shows potential applications in transparent greenhouses and photovoltaic conversion.

Hydrophilic linker-incorporated conjugated polymers are developed for sorting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using bio-renewable solvents. The introduction of ethylene glycol chains enhances solubility, facilitating effective wrapping of SWCNTs in polar environments. The polymer achieves a high sorting yield of 55% and a purity of 99.6% when dispersing semiconducting SWCNTs in 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran.

The construction of traditional hydrogel assemblies relies on the introduction of supramolecular groups for specific recognition interactions, which limits the widespread application of hydrogel assemblies. Herein, PAA hydrogel is utilized as an adhesive layer to assemble different types of hydrogels, enabling the construction of hydrogel assemblies.

A method is demonstrated for separating microparticles and microplastics distinguished differences in surface morphology (roughness, particles bulk material, and surface functionalization). The method uses advances of microfluidics in combination with illumination of a photosensitive surfactant solution within the shear flow. Spectrally resolved, this yields a light-induced material motion fingerprint allowing a selective fractioning of microparticles via difference in velocity.

A unique Mo-doped LiNi_0.8Mn_0.2O₂ is developed with delocalized 4d electrons, which reinforces the Mo─O bond through increased covalency, thereby reducing oxygen mobility during cycling. Moreover, gradient Mo distribution enables the construction of surface cation mixing layer to avoid the electrolyte attack and stabilize the lattice structure during the lithium extraction.

By intercalating Ni atoms into the 2H-TaSeS van der Waals interlayers, the quasi-two-dimensional Ni_0.28TaSeS single crystals are obtained. Magnetic characterization reveals a canted magnetic structure in Ni_0.28TaSeS, resulting in an antiferromagnetic order along the c-axis and a net ferromagnetic moment in the ab-plane. Furthermore, the Ni_0.28TaSeS single crystals also exhibit unconventional magneto-transport properties.

This study successfully fabricated a novel Co₃O_4-x/g-C₃N₄ p–n heterojunction photocatalyst through defect coupling heterogeneous engineering strategy. The catalyst exhibits excellent performance in photocatalytic uranium extraction from seawater and resistance to biofouling.

This work introduces a hydrogel sealing-pyrolying-etching strategy to construct the semi-ionic F-modified Ru/N-doped porous carbon catalysts (Ru/FNPC). The Ru/FNPC exhibits exceptional electrocatalytic performances in pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The semi-ionic F in Ru/FNPC stimulates the HER kinetics on Ru sites by lowering the energy barriers of HER steps and decreasing the adsorption energies of key intermediates.

High-density and mono-species pyrrolic nitrogen species lead to outstanding electrocatalytic performance for 2e⁻-ORR. The associated kinetic inhibition of the competitive HER and 4e⁻-ORR results in the high H₂O₂ yield of this catalyst over a wide potential range. A record-high H₂O₂ yield of up to 67.9 mol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ is achieved, resulting in an unprecedentedly high H₂O₂ concentration of 13.47 g L⁻¹ over 24 h.

Rare-earth microalloying nanocrystals with customizable defect nanostructures and segmented energy bands are considered to be an ideal type of electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reactions and have received widespread attention. Herein, nest-scheme RuIrLa with dense coherent interfaces as built-in substructures are firstly fabricated by using commercial ZnO particles as acid-removable templates, through a La-stabilized coherent epitaxial growth of nanoparticles (NPs).

Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is highly effective when contemplating the selective removal of organic pollutants from wastewater by Fenton-like catalysis. Here, the optimal performance of the Fe-N₅/NC single-atom catalysts (SACs) than the other SACs in activating peroxymonosulfate for the degradation of organic pollutants is reported. The axial-N in Fe-N₅/NC reduces the oxophilicity of the Fe-center, hence accelerating the release of ¹O₂ in the rate-determining step.

A tandem catalyst Cu@Fe₁-NC is prepared with co-existed Cu nanoparticles and dispersed single Fe atoms on N-doped carbon boosting the electroreduction of NO₃⁻ to NH₃ in dilute NO₃⁻ solutions (≤100 ppm NO₃⁻-N, ≈7.1 mm). The optimized Cu@Fe₁-NC presents a FE_NH3 of 97.7% at −0.4 V versus RHE and a record-high NH₃ yield of 1953.9 mmol h⁻¹ g_Cu⁻¹, superior over the pristine Cu (FE_NH3 = 25.1%, 15.5 mmol h⁻¹ g_Cu⁻¹).

A novel biomimetic delivery system  is developed by coating mesenchymal stem cell membrane onto prussian blue nanoparticles loaded with neuroprotectant. The system enhances brain penetration, targets ischemic penumbra and clears reactive oxygen species in the early stage of ischemic stroke, alleviating the brain injury caused by oxidative stress, reducing cerebral infarction and cerebral edema, and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis.

Phosphorylated cellulose nanofibril (PCNF)-based clear film with an extremely low haze are obtained by surface void packing, and PCNF gel cakes serve here as templates for surface roughening to achieve high haze values. Obtained films can tune distribution of light from visible to near-infrared spectral range, enabling uniform colored lighting and heat blocking.

Ni redox promoting the rapid and deep reconstruction of NiMoO₄ is revealed by a sectionalized CV method, and the reconstruction mechanism is proposed based on the acid-base electronic theory. According to the reconstruction mechanism, the dominant contribution of the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) to the reconstruction of NiMoO₄ during oxygen evolution is uncovered.

A reversible order transition is reported for an IL@MOF composite, absent for the bare MOF or IL, providing an extended super-cooling range and latent heat at a capacity similar to that of soft paraffins, in the temperature range of ≈220 °C.

Printing interference colors entails complex procedures and large-scale printing systems for the scarcity of inks that exhibit both sensitivity and tunability to external fields. This work invents a type of paramagnetic ink with record-level magneto-optical sensitivity based on 2D materials. These inks exhibit polychrome in one magnetic field, paving the way for preparing transmissive interference colors in an energy-saving and damage-free manner.

The self-assembled monolayers are conducted on MXene by surface chlorination or fluorination, aiming to improve its friction performance in high humidity. Interestingly, the MXene-Cl with moderate water resistance maintains a relatively lower CoF under both high and low-humidity conditions, which is attributed to the preservation of 2D layered structure, the increased layer spacing, and the adsorption of nanostructured water.

The well-designed CoVFe_0.5Ru_0.5O₄ exhibits exceptional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and stability, which can be attributed to the incorporation of Fe and Ru cations replacing the octahedral sites of CoV₂O₄. This substitution effectively reduces the reaction energy barrier, weakens the oxygen desorption energy, enhances the electrical conductivity, and provides abundant active sites.

The facilitated oxygen transport through crystallographic open channels in rutile is investigated. Oxygen ions are diffused out of two VO₂ films; one with channels oriented toward the surface (channeling VO₂) and the other with channels parallel to the surface (anti-channeling VO₂). In channeling VO₂ film, the formation of oxygen vacancies and consequent tuning of metal-insulator transition properties are promoted by facilitated oxygen transport.

Piezo-photocatalytic films of polyaniline (PANI) are fabricated to improve their photocatalytic performance. The poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PANI/PVDF-HFP) sandwich film results in 91.2% degradation of MO under magnetic stirring. This all-organic piezo-photocatalyst is easy to be recycled and responds to weak forces, realizing self-powered environmental purification.

Unraveling the novel mechanisms will address the pressing demand of identifying promising therapeutic avenue for obesity-related kidney disease. Compared with lean subjects, CD3⁻CD19⁺ B cell-derived miR-3960 transported by plasma EVs in patients with obesity serve as a circulating pathogenic factor in mediating mitochondrial injury via TRMT5/NDUFA7 axis, ultimately leading to renal tubular injury.

An effective and feasible strategy, mild oxidation, is developed to enhance the resistance switching performance of 2D ambipolar 2H-MoTe₂ lateral memristors. The resistance switching ratio is enlarged by more than 10 times. Besides, the ambipolarity of 2H-MoTe₂ also enables a change of resistance switching direction. High-performance artificial synapse is thus achieved and high-accuracy handwritten digit recognition (>96%) is realized.

The treatment of FN-O with Lawesson's reagent into FN-S, which converts carbonyl to thiocarbonyl, affects the electronic properties of FN-S. This leads to a stronger interaction between FN-S and the perovskite, providing FN-S with a stronger defect passivation capability, and thus improving the efficiency of PSCs.

Cs₃CeCl₆ (CCC) nanocrystals (NCs) possess fascinating optical properties due to their f–d coupling of Ce³⁺ ions. The incorporation of Gd³⁺ in CCC NCs can be a facile method to enhance photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) up to almost unity (96%) as well as the phase stability. This Cs₃Ce_1-xGd_xCl₆ alloyed NCs exhibits efficient device performance as a UV-light absorbing layer for photodetector with detectivity (7.938 × 10¹¹ Jones) and responsivity (0.195 A W⁻¹) at -0.1 V bias at 310 nm.

A simple and innovative strategy based on phase separation is developed to prepare multifunctional noncovalent cross-linked ionogels by 3D printing of HPA in BMIMBF4. These ionogels show remarkable stretchability, ultra-low hysteresis, excellent temperature tolerance, extraordinary ionic conductivity, and outstanding durability. Furthermore, the ionogels exhibit unique thermochromic and multiple photoluminescent properties, which can synergistically be applied for thermo-mechano-multimodal ionotronics and anti-counterfeiting.

The safety concerns of Li-ion batteries persist in extreme temperatures. A temperature-insensitive electrolyte, comprising two phase-change polymers, demonstrates exceptional thermal resistance. It absorbs and releases heat, maintaining stability during high-temperature shocks. It minimizes temperature fluctuations in Li||LFP pouch cells, surpassing liquid electrolytes. These results position it as a crucial safety enhancement for LIBs in thermal abuse conditions.

A flame-retardant ternary eutectic electrolyte composed of sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI), succinonitrile (SN), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is reported. SN makes the dissociation of NaTFSI and the fast transport efficiency of Na⁺ is greatly boosted. FEC effectively prevents the side reactions of electrolyte/electrode interface. The Na⁺ transport mechanism and excellent electrochemical performance are systematically verified by the combination of experimental and theoretical technologies.

This work constructed a biomimetic photoelectric interface based on the graphene quantum dot-doped ZnIn2S4 microflowers (MFs), aiming to restore the light responses in photoreceptor (PR)-degenerative mice. The MFs have dimensions and dispersibility similar to those of natural PRs and can generate soft 2D nanopetal/cell bio interface. The MFs selectively restored specific retina ganglion cells and induced spiking and postsynaptic currents at the single-neuron level.

A simple strategy for deconjugating malachite green (MG) ligand in a reductive enzymatic environment is reported to manipulate the clusteroluminescence within isolated benzene rings. This strategy is then employed to construct a one-pot, ratiometric RNA sensor using an allosteric transcription-switch and rolling circle transcription. The RNA aptamer (MGA)-MG fluoresces red, while the reductive leucomalachite green (LMG) fluoresces in the UV region.

Fe₂O₃-Mn₃O₄-CNTs/NSs are fabricated by a facile pyrolysis method. The specific structure of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanosheets provide large ECSA and expose more active sites. The catalyst shows excellent oxygen conversion efficiency and durability in Zn–air battery.

Human organ-on-a-chip technology has emerged as an essential tool for preclinical testing. PDMS is commonly used in organ chip fabrication. However, PDMS face challenge like unintended absorption of small molecules, critically affecting the drug response analysis. Addressing this, precision drug testing organ chip (PreD chip) is introduced, an innovative platform engineered to minimize small molecule absorption while facilitating cell culture.

This study explores the nonclassical crystallization of calcium sulfates using calcein, aiming to develop bio-inspired methods for tailored consolidation products in heritage conservation. Through this investigation, fluorescent nano-bassanite (NB-C) consolidants are synthesized. These consolidants effectively enhance the mechanical strength and weathering resistance of deteriorated plasterwork. Additionally, the luminescence emitted by occluded calcein facilitates the straightforward identification of the consolidant within gypsum plaster under UV light.

An esterification strategy mediated by the equilibrium moisture in biomass is proposed for the LCNFs preparation without the use of catalysts, resulting in a high yield (114.4 ± 3.0%) and charge content (1.74 ± 0.09 mmol g⁻¹). The resulting LCNFs can be utilized as building blocks for filaments, film, and 3D printing sample assembly, enhancing the potential of biomass high-value conversion.

Innovative adhesives with bicontinuous nanodomains for flexible and low-modulus properties are created. Achieved through A polymerization-induced microphase separation with a macro chain transfer agent, this structure grants superb transparency and flexibility, ideal for foldable displays. It also hints at potential uses in stretchable displays and wearable electronics.

Inspired by the “fluid diode” of the Tesla valve, a novel solar evaporator with a Tesla valve-like water transport structure is designed, achieving a unique “ion diode” salt resistance in high salinity water during solar interfacial evaporation.

The efficiency of tin iodide perovskite solar cells is severely limited by the native self p-doping. Here, based on density functional theory calculations, it is demonstrated that combining trivalent ion-doping with bromide alloying effectively decreases the hole background density and the density of deep traps, by providing useful guidelines to experimentalists for improving the optoelectronic quality of these materials.

The core–shell ceramic fibers composed of highly compacted nanoparticles with excellent mechanical properties are prepared by coaxial wet spinning combined with cold isostatic pressing. Ceramic fiber integrates a variety of functionalities, including strain sensors, temperature sensors, and electromagnetic absorption. Thus, it can be used as a stable robotic electronic skin.

A 2D metal-free inorganic covalent framework ((H₂en) [B₅O₈(OH)], named as CityU-12, and en represents for ethylenediamine) is successfully prepared. The structure is solved through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Optical measurement proves that CityU-12 exhibits excellent room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) performance in air with emission peak at 530 nm, quantum yield of 84.6%, lifetime of ≈1.5 s, and afterglow time of 2.5 s.

The different groups of amidino additives can largely impact defect passivation and crystallization dynamics of FAPbI₃ perovskite. Compared with ABAc containing carboxyl group, ABAm with amide group at para-position of amidino possesses large dipole and enables stronger interactions with perovskite components to produce high-quality perovskite film, delivering the higher efficiency of 24.60% and better long-term stability in ambient condition.

An advanced multifunctional separator with an extremely high electrolyte adsorption energy of surface silica microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate particles anchored in an environmentally friendly polyvinyl alcohol fiber matrix is designed and constructed. The advanced separator demonstrates excellent electrochemical performances, lithium dendrite inhibition, and flame-retardant properties to drive the development of high-performance and high-safety lithium mental batteries.

The hydrogen evolution rate of the stable organic–inorganic heterojunction PB2T-TEG-TiO_2−X reaches up to 35.7 mmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, with an apparent quantum efficiency as high as 53.32% at 365 nm. Furthermore, charge transfer pathways and catalytic mechanisms in these heterojunctions are scrutinized through femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and in situ XPS analysis.

A self-assembled nanovaccine (CLNTO nanovaccine) is prepared by cationic Lentinan and ovalbumin. CLNTO nanovaccine induces the uptake and maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells via the TLR2/4 receptor to produce effective antigen cross-presentation. CLNTO nanovaccine has lymph node targeting and prolongs antigen release in the lymph nodes. Furthermore, CLNTO nanovaccine promote the interactions between T cells and B cells, and the generation of robust cellular and humoral immune responses.