The cover image is based on the Case Study Case of multiple furuncular myiasis in Northeast Ethiopia by Abebe Dires et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.6015.

The cover image is based on the Case Study Higher Pulmonary Vein Index on Computed Angiography and Optimum Surgical Resection Ensures Smooth Postoperative Recovery in Fallot's Tetralogy: Special Emphasis on Indices of Evaluation and Monocusp preparation by Vishal Bhende et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.6100

Synovial hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor responsible for chronic knee pain, swelling, and restricted motion. It is often misdiagnosed. MRI is the gold standard for diagnosis. Sclerotherapy is a promising conservative treatment.

Huntington's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of late-onset parkinsonism, especially if family history is positive and patients have atypical manifestations of atypical parkinsonism.

We describe splenic infarction (SI), an infrequent condition, in an 82-year-old COVID-19 patient with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). COVID-19 may cause thrombosis, and AF is a predisposing factor for splenic infarction. Suspicion of SI may be warranted in COVID-19 patients with abdominal pain, especially if a predisposing factor exists.

We present a preterm neonate with spondylocostal dysplasia and brachydactyly. The genetic studies identified pathogenic variants (TBX6 and IHH) which correlate with our patient's phenotypes.

Though vascular injury is a rare clinical entity, it should never be underestimated. Failure of pain management despite analgesics should lead to suspicion of vascular injury as in our case.

Molecular characterization of DMD duplications at the breakpoint level is necessary to accurately interpret their effects on dystrophin activity and their roles in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies.

Here, we report the case of a boy with a novel splice site variant in UBE2A. In addition to intellectual disability, we found novel characteristics, such as bone growth retardation in the fetus. Cardiac malformations were found in the fetal and neonatal period but disappeared as the patient grew older.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia although rare can present with a devastating salt-wasting crisis, virilization of females, and failure to thrive. Early diagnosis through screening at birth can yield better outcomes. This case highlights the need for mandatory screening in low- and middle-income countries.

Even if due to low-energy trauma, peroneal nerve rupture may occur in patients with multiple ligament knee injury.

Use of prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to allow native lung recovery can result in positive outcomes for pediatric patients, although clinicians need to monitor closely for complications inherent to ECMO. Pushing the boundaries with ECMO may do pediatric patients more benefit than harm on a case-by-case basis.

Pulmonary actinomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnoses of chronic infectious lung disease. Chronic productive cough with lung infiltrates on imaging might be the only manifestation of this condition.

Ligation and resection of the aberrant branches and resection of the mass with revascularization relieved clinical symptoms. Long-term follow-up is required for monitoring a progression of a new arteriovenous network and aneurysm..

The branchial cyst is rarely located at the posterior triangle. Diagnosis ismade by Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology. A computerized tomography scan isimportant to see the extent of the disease.

Gastrointestinal angioectasias as a cause of anemia in a patient with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Using 3D printed model to achieve better results and shorten intra-operative time in maxillofacial reconstruction.

Atypical lipomatous tumor is a rare pathology in the head and neck region, which warrants surgical intervention. We present a case of a 63-year-old male with progressive dysphagia who also presented with an unusual mass that regurgitates outside the oral cavity.

A 36-year-old Caucasian policeman was referred to our Emergency Department for dyspnea. He reported persistent cough and fever with night sweats for about 2 weeks, for which antibiotic therapy for 5 days without clinical benefit. Laboratory investigations revealed a C-reactive protein of 15.10 mg/dl (n.v. 0.00–0.50). We performed a bedside lung ultrasound (LUS) that showed a massive finely corpuscular anechoic pleural effusion with thin branches of fibrin on the left, with a consolidated lung parenchyma collapsing to the hilum as for complete atelectasis; in the context of the consolidated lung parenchyma, multiple round hypo-anechoic formations were seen, with finely irregular margins, not assuming colordoppler signal suspicious for cavitations.

Consider conservative management of congenital hepatic hemangioma complicated by ascites before embarking on a major surgery.

Secondary infections or co-infections are identified between SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens. This entity has become another serious threat in treating the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which should not be neglected.

Cuboid fracture is a rare cause of limping, in young children. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion of a possible cuboid fracture in young children who refuse to bear weight on the lateral side of the foot, even without a trauma history.

The incidence of dilated superficial penile dorsal vein in childhood is unknown, and the entity has never been reported. This is the first ever case illustrated as clinical image which could most likely be a normal anatomical variant or an idiopathic dilatation of the superficial penile dorsal vein.

Electrocardiographic findings including irregularity of the rhythm, a very rapid ventricular response, and the presence of a delta wave should raise the suspicion of pre-excited atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Urgent cardioversion is needed due to the risk of sudden cardiac death.

The present case report depicts an unusually large desmoplastic fibroblastoma. The diagnosis of the lesion appears to be deceptive clinically. The purpose of this case image is to highlight its size and presenting symptoms, which could easily be mistaken for an odontogenic, salivary gland, or a soft tissue neoplasm.

Complete agenesis of canines in the permanent dentition in the maxilla and mandible is extremely rare and has only been reported sporadically. Canines are essential for guidance during mandibular excursive movements. In such cases, substituting the missing canines with first premolars is a valid option to help in proper function.

Salvage surgery of thyroid bed recurrence is an acceptable palliative treatment option to control local skin complications in metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Chronic total occlusion of left main coronary artery may associate with retrograde full filling from the right coronary artery.

Patients with suspicious gallbladder imaging findings should be evaluated for surgical intervention, as early surgical resection is associated with an improved survival for early gallbladder cancer.

The figure shows uneven scalp thickening over the left posterolateral aspect of the posterior fossa, associated with bone destruction of the medial aspect of the left occiput with intracranial extra-axial extension representing a malignant process including sarcoma.

The occurrence of cutaneous signs in COVID-19 is associated with disease severity, although there is inadequate evidence to assess skin manifestations' prognostic relevance. Skin manifestations are often self-limiting and last six to eight days, although they may persist up to 10 days

Infants from mothers with Graves' disease require careful examination without waiting for neonatal screening results, even though the mother's thyroid function is normal at birth or the newborn does not have goiter. This figure shows a situation of infants born to mothers who are untreated until mid-pregnancy and receive antithyroid drugs and/or potassium iodide treatment in late pregnancy.

Giant ovarian tumors are rare in the present day due to the early diagnosis and treatment. However, owing to the large size, it can often compress the inferior venacava and sudden decompression of it during the removal can lead to hemodynamic instability with disastrous outcomes.

Wells syndrome is a rare eosinophilic syndrome, associating inflammatory lesions, suggestive histological images, and frequent eosinophilia. The typical presentation is the plaque-type variant. Wells syndrome is characterized by multiplicity of anatomoclinical forms. Lesions may be urticarial, annular, papulonodular, or bullous. On histopathology, the flame aspect is not specific and late.

A 52-year-old female developed vaccine–induced acalculous cholecystitis (ACC) 8 h after receiving a 3rd dose of Pfizer BioNtech COVID-19 vaccination. The symptoms subsided completely with conservative treatment for 12 days and the ultrasound and laboratory findings went back to normal. A high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis as well as further studies.

We report rare case of a lung collision tumor consisting of carcinoma of the lung and malignant lymphoma. Physicians must consider which treatment should be prioritized according to the degree of progression of coexisting solid tumors

Transient cortical blindness is a rare complication of cerebral angiography. Digital subtraction angiography revealed TCB in a wide-neck cavernous aneurysm patient. No neurological damage occurred after an hour of angiography. A three-hour MRI found no abnormalities.

Polysubstance drug users are at an increased risk of developing right-sided endocarditis with a complicated hospital course and insidious symptoms. A multidisciplinary approach is required for early recognition and disease management to reduce disease mortality. Surgical consultation is needed early in the disease course on an individual patient basis.

Drug-coated balloon angioplasty may be a useful treatment for coronary lesions with lotus root-like appearances.

Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma. Presentation after Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia may suggest a relationship between this tumor and hematolymphoid neoplasms, or the therapy-related etiology.

Patients with refractory aggressive prolactinomas are diagnosed after failure of usual treatments. Since they can have near-complete remission after treatment with Temozolomide, earlier diagnosis with pathology and treatment can avoid morbidities.

4 D flow cardiac MRI is an emerging tool that will aid in follow up of patients with single ventricle pathway after the creation of Glenn shunts. This will help in early detection of pulmonary artery stenosis and planning future interventions.

H Syndrome is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis due to mutation in SLC29A3 with multisystem involvement. Hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, and skin induration can involve lower limbs but also other parts of the body including the face. Erythematous, annular, slightly keratotic, and figurate lesions in cheeks and nose represent a new clinical feature.

Multirooted supernumerary tooth is a rare finding, which predisposes to various malocclusion. The present case report depicts the presence of a multirooted supernumerary tooth in the anterior maxilla just adjacent to the midline in a 24-year-old patient.

This report presents a classic case of CMV esophagitis, which may be puzzling to distinguish from other infectious esophageal lesions. Giant (>1 cm) and deep esophageal lesions in immunocompromised patients may suggest CMV esophagitis. A biopsy with immunostaining is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

A 34-year-old woman presented to our department with acute polyarthritis. Thyroid ultrasound showed inhomogeneous and hypoechogenic thyroid parenchyma with a pseudo-nodular appearance (arrow) without starry sky aspect nor giraffe sign.

Right posterior sectoral duct injury should be considered in patients presenting with a delayed recurrent bile leak. Deep dissection into liver parenchyma during gallbladder fossa dissection should be avoided to prevent the occurrence of such injuries.

Uveal melanoma can recur with cardiac metastases which are often asymptomatic. This highlights the need for routine surveillance by CT or PET CT every 6–12 months.

Mature retroperitoneal teratoma occurs rarely in adults. It is often asymptomatic but some complications may happen. Complete mass resection is crucial in order to confirm the diagnosis histologically and to avoid malignant transformation.

Licorice can cause pseudoaldosteronism, which might be potentially associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) onset. Furthermore, older patients on polypharmacy who have new onset of TCM might have a potential risk of fatal arrhythmia.

We reported a patient diagnosed intermediate-risk APE. A pulmonary artery clot in the right pulmonary artery was found through a modified TTE view. And the view could provide correct diagnosis by identifying the clot size and location visually.

The clinical presentation and potential complications of post COVID-19 thyroiditis are still being elucidated in the literature. Treatment for this condition should be individualized based on the disease severity and include a variety of options.

Identification of the causative organism is extremely important in infectious disease. A subsequent infectious disease such as pneumonia immediately after recovery from COVID-19 may pose a pitfall; legionellosis can be an important life-threatening infectious disease. Patients should be carefully followed up after discharge.

Hydatidosis should be considered a differential diagnosis of any cyst in the brain particularly in endemic regions including Iran.

Correction of TOF is associated with a low mortality risk (1%–2%). The McGoon ratio and Nakata index are based on the size of the pulmonary artery and correlate well with mortality risk. However, another parameter is required to predict morbidity and length of hospital stay. The pulmonary vein index (PVI), which is the total cross-sectional areas of the pulmonary veins after the entry of all venous branches indexed to body surface area(cutoff >300 mm²/m²), can be used as a better predictor of pulmonary flow, early postoperative morbidity, and length of hospital stay. The creation of a tailored monocusp, depending on the dimensions of the right ventricular outflow tract in individual patients, can also help in early postoperative recovery. Further studies are required to determine if we can rely on the automated estimation of the PVI as a prognostic indicator not only for TOF but also for other left-to-right shunt lesions.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It rarely affects the gastrointestinal tract and should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with iron deficiency anemia, a mass in the GI tract, and a history of RCC.

Mediterranean fever mutation should be considered in the unusual presentation of co-existing APSGN and PAN.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are often single tumors whereas multiple GISTs are usually associated with familial syndromes. Sporadic multiple GISTs are rarely reported, and this case demonstrates an unusual situation of multiple GISTs causing iron-deficiency anemia, highlighting the importance of obtaining both radiological and direct imaging to aid diagnosis.

Focused vibro-percussive sound wave stimulation to the spine known as Khan Kinetic Treatment (KKT) has in this case, and previously through RCT studies, demonstrated improvement in pain and function with no adverse events. KKT is currently available in 10 countries.

The D-dimer level can be normal in patients with isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography is essential for patients with sudden-onset abdominal pain, even those with a normal D-dimer level.

A simple method of orthodontic intrusion with temporary anchorage devices is presented on two severe cases with overeruption of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth. Orthodontic intrusion is a safe and predictable method, which preserves tooth structure and avoids significant complications in surrounding tissues.

Autologous blood pleurodesis is effective for pneumothorax following lung lobectomy in dogs. Further characterization is necessary, but outcomes of reported cases suggest a poor prognosis for canine pulmonary mast cell tumor even in the face of aggressive treatment.

Although no standard systemic chemotherapy for combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma patients has yet been established, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, which is a combination therapy of anti-programmed death ligand-1 and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, might exhibit good therapeutic outcome.

Definitive radiotherapy of cutanous squamous cell carinomas in anatomically sensitive areas of the face is feasible with clinical acceptable toxicity for organs at risk and represents a curative and noninvasive alternative when surgery compromises function and cosmetics.

Pectoralis major ruptures amenable to surgical repair offer promising outcomes for the patient to return to preinjury level function and athletic performance. We report the first case of surgical fixation for a 7 years acute on chronic rupture.

The management of a severe laryngeal trauma begins with airway stabilization. Endotracheal intubation without guidance can be hazardous. In case of a complete laryngotracheal separation, securing the airway via an urgent tracheostomy is recommended.

Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) is a motion-detecting technique with high temporal resolution. It is a useful tool to assess vocal cord's motion, and can be an alternative modality to flexible laryngoscopy, which could cause an aerosol exposure to examiners.

Frank's sign has been associated with cardiovascular disease. Although there are conflicting data about the clinical importance of Frank's sign, the easy identification and interpretation make it feasible to be a part of clinical examination.

Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma and pulmonary anthracosis are preventable yet continue to occur. While greater attention has been given to aromatic hydrocarbons exposure in the occurrence of cutaneous carcinoma, the exposure to coal causes a wide spectrum of respiratory disease, including anthracosis. Prevention is the key of a successful treatment.

Intraoperative Neuro-monitoring can offer a paramount surgical benefit in case of unconventional surgical scenarios such as OPHL. It can represent a safe and reliable indicator for the recurrent laryngeal nerve identification when facing with major anatomical changes hazarding laryngeal function.

We report a child with persistently low SpO₂ with delayed diagnosis. The eventual diagnosis of Hemoglobin I-Toulouse was only achieved after low SpO₂ was incidentally discovered from the child's father. This report highlights the importance of family history and testing for suspected hemoglobinopathy in unexplained persistently low SpO₂

(A) Right breast of a 28-year-old woman, showing a well-defined lesion in the areola measuring approximately 1cm in diameter, while the overlying skin is glossy and whitish. (B) Ultrasound showed a well-circumscribed hypoechoic solid mass. (C) Histological examination demonstrated that resected lesion was a cyst lined by mature stratified squamous epithelium and filled with laminated layers of keratin, findings consistent with a epidermal cyst.

The use of multimodality imaging in diagnosing and managing patients with systemic diseases involving the heart is of great importance and may improve the patients' survival and quality of life.

Although Aspergillus meningitis is poorly responsive to current guidelines for treatment, we describe a dramatic response of Aspergillus meningitis in a patient to treatment using a combination of corticosteroids with guideline's suggested antifungal agents. Administration of corticosteroids in patients with Aspergillus meningitis is rarely reported in previous studies.

Painless huge midline neck mass. Thyroid function test, USG Neck, FNAC and CECT. Microscopic assisted total thyroidectomy if suspicious or proven malignancy and mass effects.

We report a young adult woman with 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (17α-OHD) in Shandong province of China. The patient carried compound heterozygous mutations in the CYP17A1 gene: c.985–987 delinsAA (p.Tyr329LysfsX90) and c.1486C>T (p.Arg496Cys).

Renal transplant recipients have increased risk of invasive fungal infections. Transplant centers in geographic endemic risk areas should suspect the possibility of mycetoma infection in patients. This clinical entity is not commonly seen in the United States, and hence few cases have been reported.

Scabies is a common parasitic infection. Different atypical presentations are regrouped under the term of “surrepticious scabies”. We report a new case of scabies surrepticious with bullous lesions.

Careful paramedical examination is beneficial for patients by helping them to avoid undergoing an invasive treatment

Left ventricular aneurysms are most often a consequence of myocardial infarction, which is sometimes occult, then they are presented as accidental imaging finding visible with different modalities.