Oxygen Evolution

In article number 2404927, Hannu-Pekka Komsa, Bo Peng, Zhong-Peng Lv, and co-workers unveiled the guided growth of Co/Fe layered double hydroxide nanosheets (LDH) via the terminations on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene surface. The MXene surface chemistry regulates the structure and electronic properties in LDH-MXene heterostructures. A remarkably robust oxygen evolution reaction performance is demonstrated, where the overpotential only decays by 0.1% over 200 h operation.

Covalent Organic Frameworks

For a pair of isomeric covalent organic frameworks (COFs), different rate determining steps were proved in the generation process of H₂O₂. PB-PT-COF showed strong interaction with H₂O, facilitating the direct oxidation of H₂O (H₂O + h⁺→H₂O₂), while PT-PB-COF exhibited effective O₂ adsorption and activation (O₂ + e- → •O²⁻ + e⁻ → H₂O₂), resulting in a twofold enhancement in the H₂O₂ photosynthesis. More in article number 2406527, Xuepeng Wang, Fuquan Bai, Wei Zhou, and co-workers.

Peripheral Vascular Interventions

In article number 2404251, Jin-young Kim, Hongsoo Choi, and co-workers investigate a quantum dot (QD) magnetic guidewire and system for non-fluoroscopic peripheral vascular interventions. By leveraging HgCdSe/HgS/CdS/CdZnS/ZnS/SiO₂ core/multi-shell QD-embedded elastomeric composites with real-time short-wave infrared (SWIR) imaging and magnetic manipulation, the guidewire enables SWIR detection upon near-infrared excitation for X-ray-free imaging and can be precisely guided through complex blood vessels using an external magnetic field.

Wearable Sensors

In article number 2404737, Hyungwoo Kim, Jong-jin Park, and co-workers address the scarcity of positively-charged triboelectric materials by designing a conjugated, mesoporous, self-assembled sheet via bottom-up synthesis. Functionalized as a triboelectric nanogenerator, it enhances positive triboelectric performance and boosts output voltage when in contact with PTFE. Demonstrated as a touchpad for symbol writing, it integrates with machine learning for real-time medical applications.

COFs are promising candidates for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Significant progress has been made in the last decade. However, there is a lack of review of the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production from the perspective of interface modulation. This mini-review discusses general strategies to enhance COFs photocatalytic activity through interfacial influences. Highlighting the effects of hybrid interfaces on the performance of COFs for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is presented. The insights into the challenges and opportunities of solid-liquid interfacial modulation of COFs to enhance photocatalytic activity are also provided.

Biomimetic mineralized collagen (BMC) scaffolds represent an innovative class of bio-inspired biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. In this review, based on the BMC preparation procedures, the substances that can regulate both the fabrication process and biological activities are summarized. Furthermore, a potential strategy for developing BMC scaffolds with superior mechanical properties and biological activities for bone tissue engineering is proposed.

The quantification of the forces necessary to rupture the cell wall of a bacterium is relevant to understanding, for example, the action mechanisms of mechanobactericidal nanomaterials. This perspective collects and compares recent work on bacterial nanoindentation beyond rupture using atomic force microscopy. The influence of environmental and experimental parameters on the measured rupture forces is discussed, as well as the non-trivial transformation of force values into pressures.

Different from other reviews focusing on the structures and properties of polyoxometalates (POMs)-noble metal hybrid clusters, this review mainly discusses the interface structures and electronic correlations between POMs and noble metals via their atomically precise structures, in order to understanding the factors influencing the catalysis and establishing structure-property relationships at the atomic scale.

Biosignal sensors leveraging the unique mechanical, electrical, and optical properties of nanomaterials have been extensively studied. In this review, it is classified and introduce three types of biosignal sensors utilizing nanomaterials: biophysical sensors, bioelectrical sensors, and biochemical sensors. Furthermore, the potential of nanomaterial-based biosignal sensors by providing a perspective on biosignal analysis through deep learning and their applications as human-machine interfaces is explored.

Based on analyzing the modification mechanisms of PEO-based solid electrolytes at various temperatures, the modification methods of PEO electrolytes in a wide temperature field are reviewed. The application of more efficient modification methods in the future can broaden the working fields of solid-state lithium metal batteries to effectively promote their rapid development.

This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent progress in understanding the structure and electrochemical mechanisms of lithium-rich manganese-based layered cathode materials. It highlights multiscale modification strategies, covering advancements from morphology control to electronic structure optimization, offering insights for future research directions.

The rise of bacterial resistance has driven the development of innovative antimicrobial strategies, particularly biomimetic antibacterial materials. This review offers a comprehensive overview of their recent advancements, addresses the challenges faced, and explores future developmental directions, highlighting their potential to transcend current treatment limitations.

This review summarizes the latest advancements in metal halide perovskites (MHP)-based photocatalysis. First the fundamental principles of photocatalysis are outlined and the structural and optical characteristics of MHPs are evaluated. Then key strategies for enhancing MHP photocatalysts, including morphology and surface modification, encapsulation, metal cation doping, heterojunction engineering, and molecular immobilization are highlighted. Finally, challenges and future prospects are explored.

This review explores the potential of Covalent Triazine Frameworks (CTFs) in mitigating lithium dendrite formation and enhancing the stability of Lithium Metal Batteries (LMBs). By leveraging CTFs’ unique properties such as high surface area, chemical stability, and lithium-accepting N-containing groups, strategies for improving cycling efficiency is discussed and ensuring the safety of LMBs for practical applications.

Environmental Preservation

In article number 2403582, Stefano Mariani, Barbara Mazzolai, and co-workers design and realize a seed-inspired flier for environmental preservation, utilizing 3D-printed biodegradable polymers. This artificial flier mimics the structure and function of a Tragopogon pratensis fruit, providing a means for colorimetric monitoring of pH and nitrate levels in the soil and serving as a potential carrier for aerial seeding.

A fruit-like, biodegradable, and porous parachute flier is realized for environmental preservation. The coupling of biological analysis, modeling, design, and additive manufacturing of porous cellulose acetate (with micrometric features) allow the fabrication of a flier resembling the Tragopogon pratensis aerodynamics. The fliers offer a solution for colorimetric monitoring of soil pH and nitrate or as carrier for aerials seeding.

Transparent Conductors

Nanoscale networks and a two-dimensional layer of silver film are combined to create a high-performance transparent electrode. The features of the nanowires and the thin film work together to complement each other, improving both carrier transport efficiency and optical transmittance. More in article number 2406006, Vinh-Ai Dao, Joondong Kim, and co-workers.

2D Ag thin-film selectively forms into macro-voids of the AgNWs network. The continuous 2D Ag at a thickness of 6 nm is a bridge connecting individual AgNWs to enhance the lateral conduction of the network. Optical engineering by the high refractive index of an overcoat material, AZO, enables AgNWs-based transparent conductors to be highly transparent and stable.

Electrochemical Lithium Extraction

In article number 2406607, Meng Yao, Yun Zhang, and co-workers applied an in-situ self-oxidation method to construct a hybrid conductive network on the surface of LiFePO₄ (LFP-HN). Polypyrrole was polymerized under the induced-oxidation of graphene oxide, together with the reduction graphene oxide to form the conductive network on LFP. This strategy enables efficient and stable electrochemical lithium extraction from brine under high-altitude environment (4900 m, −10 °C).

The LFP with a hybrid network (LFP-HN) is constructed via the in situ self-oxidation method. The hybrid network enhances the interfacial electron/lithium-ion transfer kinetics and strengthens structural stability by suppressing the deintercalation of impurity cations. As a result, the LFP-HN enables a superior lithium extraction current density of 26.72 A m⁻² with excellent cyclic stability in Baqiancuo real brine.

Challenges remain for growth high performance and robust heterostructures of 2D layered double hydroxides (LDH) and MXenes, which hold great promise for energy conversion systems. By selecting different Ti₃C₂T_x MXene surface chemistry, the researchers discovered that the growth of CoFe LDH nanosheets are guided by the terminations on Ti₃C₂T_x surface. The resulting LDH-MXene heterostructure shows surprisingly robust oxygen evolution reaction performance.

Combined with theoretical calculations and experimental results, it is proved that different rate determining steps are exhibited in the H₂O₂ generation process for a pair of isomeric COFs (PB-PT-COF and PT-PB-COF). PB-PT-COF shows strong interaction with H₂O, facilitating the direct oxidation of H₂O, while PT-PB-COF exhibited effective adsorption and activation of molecular oxygen, resulting in a 2-fold enhancement in the H₂O₂ photosynthesis.

Interventional physicians are at risk of X-ray side effects due to the inevitable use of fluoroscopy, while the precise steering of guidewires is an additional challenge during peripheral vascular interventions (PVIs). Taking advantage of quantum dots, shortwave infrared imaging, and magnetic manipulation, this paper explores the potential of a quantum dot-based magnetic guidewire and its system for realizing X-ray-free PVI procedures.

This study addresses the scarcity of positively-charged triboelectric materials by designing a conjugated, mesoporous, self-assembled sheet via bottom-up synthesis. Functionalized as a triboelectric nanogenerator, it enhances positive triboelectric performance and boosts output voltage when in contact with PTFE. Demonstrated as a touchpad for symbol writing, it integrates with machine learning for real-time medical applications.

Nanostructured diamond electrodes fabricated via substrate structuring and reactive ion etching demonstrate markedly enhanced specific surface area, specific capacitance, and electrochemical stability, advancing their potential for high-performance energy storage applications.

Ultra-long room-temperature phosphorescent (URTP) materials offer promising applications in anti-counterfeiting and optoelectronics. This study introduces a one-step microwave method to produce full-color aqueous URTP materials by embedding guest molecules in a rigid cyanuric acid (CA) matrix. The resulting materials, with lifetimes up to 7.96 s, retain visible afterglow in water and achieve a phosphorescence quantum yield of 40.4%.

A novel kgd-topological covalent organic framework (HFPB-TAB-COF) is synthesized, having an average pore size of 5.70 Å which is finely tuned between the kinetic diameters of benzene (5.60 Å) and cyclohexane (6.10 Å). The optimization of pore size enables HFPB-TAB-COF to achieve a remarkable ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) selectivity of 36.0 and yield 0.48 mmol g⁻¹ cyclohexane (purity ≥ 99%) for benzene/cyclohexane separation by pore confinement effect.

The dynamic interaction between the nanochannels of mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the Ni-IRMOF-74 series, and i-motif DNA strands exhibiting pH-responsive conformational changes is investigated. The nanochannels can accommodate these DNA strand at neutral pH, while under acidic conditions, the tendency of the strand to form a four-stranded structure drives the release of the strand. Moreover, the proton-mediated dynamic interaction between the MOFs nanochannels and DNA strands can be coupled with the endocytosis processes, and the imaging of nucleus telomeres can be achieved due to the sequence complementarity between the i-motif DNA strand and telomere overhangs.

Polar amphoteric alanine preferentially adsorbs onto the surface of Zn anodes in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes, which leads to a water-deficient and Ala-enriched interfacial electric double layer. Alanine promotes a uniform, compact, flat, dendrite-free Zn deposition, changes the solvation sheath structure of hydrated Zn²⁺, and inhibits corrosion and side reactions. Alanine effectively stabilizes Zn anodes in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes.

A new porous hydrogen-bonded organic framework (PgC-HOF) and metal–organic framework (PgC-MOF) based on PgC-noria have both demonstrated exceptional iodine adsorption capabilities.

The assessment of the photoconductivity of Donor-Acceptor (D-A) bulk heterojunctions is garnering attention for developing innovative organic semiconductors. Here, the synthesis of a Naphthaleneimide Covalent Organic Frameworks (NIP_X%COFs), created through a multivariate reaction involving two distinct acceptors is presented. Consequently, it is observed that the photoconductivity exhibits a Volcano-type correlation with respect to the NIP% content.

Model protocells can tolerate a surprising amount of hypoosmotic stress. Redistributing monomers within a population enables fatty acid vesicles to tolerate substantial hypoosmotic stresses through membrane growth, whilst still retaining a significant proportion of their contents. Thus rather than being an environmental stressor, hypoosmotic stress becomes a driving force for population growth.

This work utilizes the multifunction of sodium polyacrylate to develop a hierarchical porous silicon–carbon anode (Si/SiO_x@C), which consists of nano-silicon cores, SiO_x encapsulating layers, surrounding space, and phenolic resin-derived carbon shells with carbon chains connecting the SiO_x layers and carbon shells in the space. These structures synergize with each other to facilitate lithium-ion and electron transport throughout the electrode material.

This work presents hierarchically structured hydrogel networks, so-called hydrogel patches, with internally deviating highly crosslinked (HC) and low crosslinked (LC) regions on a micron-scale. These regions are entirely tailorable and pre-defined in a one-step, high-throughput fabrication. Thus, their characteristics, e.g. their porosity or their mechanical characteristics, are adjustable, introducing the patches as promising and versatile platform systems.

Cytosine-silver(I)-cytosine base pairs are used to construct a library of DNA nanostructures. These nanorings and lattices assemble only in the presence of silver ions and possess tunable metal composition and pitch. This study presents a crucial step toward nanoscale circuit design based on metal base pairs.

A lanthanide complex-based ER-targetable probe has been developed for ratiometric time-gated luminescence sensing and imaging of H₂O₂ in the endoplasmic reticulum in vitro and in vivo. By integrating the probe into PEG hydrogels, H₂O₂-responsive smart sensor films are developed, enabling real-time monitoring of H₂O₂ levels in various wounds and brains of epileptic rats.

Synchronization plays a crucial role in biology and physics, across different time and length scales. Here, the discovery of hydrodynamic synchronization amongst one of the smallest living organisms, E. coli bacteria, is reported, wheir their random motion is tamed and their swimming patterns are synced by using coupling microcavities.

After the in situ modification of Pt on BiVO₄, a heterojunction called BVP is formed for tumor piezo-thermal-immune therapy. The efficiency of BVP in photothermal and catalyzing the production of ROS is improved after Pt modification, and it also enhances the production of oxygen. This reshapes the tumor microenvironment, boosting immunotherapy efficacy, and triggering tumor cell death through immunogenic cell death.

The open circuit voltage deficit of perovskite indoor photovoltaic (IPV) devices is effectively minimized by modifying the buried interface of perovskite layer with bifunctional molecular 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethylamine Hydrobromide (F-PEABr). The modified perovskite IPVs have achieved a high power conversion efficiency of 42.3% with V_OC of 1.13 V under 1000 lux LED illumination.

Spinel-type high-entropy (Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni) oxide nanofibers are evaluated as electrocatalysts for alkaline oxygen evolution reactions. Broadband electric spectroscopy, for the first time applied to unveil the nanostructural features that play a key role in this reaction, reveals that the mobility of surface oxygen vacancies is primarily associated with very fast local distortional relaxation modes of O-deficient MO₆ octahedra.

Precisely controlled one-step conversion from β-sheet to α-helix structure of an amyloid-derived dipeptide system on the water surface is reported here. Spherical aggregates and molecular wires with β-sheet structure are converted into 2D sheets featuring a large planar area yet with molecular-level thickness containing α-helix structure. Dynamic changes in the dihedral (intramolecular) angle between aromatic rings alter intermolecular H-bonds and binding energies essential for the total secondary structural transformation.

The representative salty coal is subjected to a two-step pyrolysis procedure, during which the acid removal process is selectively inserted. Salt acts as a templates or activating medium to induce open pores during the low-temperature pyrolysis but hinders the closure of open pores during the high-temperature carbonization. The optimized HC delivers a high plateau capacity and a high energy density.

Here, a multifunctional double-layered microneedle (MN) patch is proposed for long-term and effective treatment of Atopic dermatitis by integrating therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) and live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis.

The oxyanionic groups provide a brand-new strategy to improve the performance of active sites owing to their great functionalities in affecting the orbital electronic states. In this work, the sulfate oxyanion (SO₄²⁻) is designed onto the NiFe nanoalloy surface. The considerably enhanced electrocatalytic activity of SO₄²⁻-NiFe/NSCT electrocatalyst is studied, and the in-depth mechanism is explored.

In this paper, a new strategy to promote the oxidative removal of CO_ads on the catalyst surface during the FAOR process is proposed. i.e., constructing the built-in electric field directed from Pd to CeO₂. Driven by the built-in electric field, the photogenerated carrier density and local hydroxyl concentration are synergistically enhanced, thus accelerating the oxidation of CO_ads intermediates and formic acid molecules and realizing the enhanced FAOR activity and stability.

This figure illustrates the catalytic mechanism of Se-CoS₂@MoS₂/CNTs during water electrolysis, along with the molecular structure of the catalyst. The exceptional performance of the catalyst is demonstrated by its low overpotential, large electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), and long-term stability.

The nanostructured N-Co₂NiO₄ NF electrode is manufactured on 3D-printed substrate. With amorphous nitrogen-doping, the electrode exhibits outstanding activity for glycerol electro-oxidation reaction. The N-Co₂NiO₄ NF//NiS-Co-NiP system shows excellent performance for concurrent production of formate and hydrogen (1.24 V @10 mA m⁻²), leading to stable electrolysis at 150 mA cm⁻² for 120 h with a high Faradaic efficiency of 97%.

A multi-architecture oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst is designed. NiCo-layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-67 (ZIF-67) are grown on the surface of nickel foam by alternating cathodic and anodic electrodeposition, so as to realize the in situ growth of metal–organic framework without binder and to mildly product the low-cost controllable MOF-based catalysts.

A composite solid-state electrolyte with vertically aligned, densely stacked ion transfer channels is prepared by aligning LLTO nanowires under a magnetic field, which can provide direct and abundant ion transfer channels between electrodes. This strategy allows scalable production and provides a promising solution for improving the electrochemical performance and energy density of ASSLBs.

This study investigates magnetic responses in altermagnetic RuO₂ films using the planar Hall effect (PHE). The films exhibit twofold PHE behavior and nonlinear planar Hall conductivity under rotating external fields, driven by spin-orbit coupling. These findings highlight RuO₂'s potential in advancing spintronics and exploring novel magnetic phenomena for future technological applications.

Perovskite oxide La_1−xCe_xFeO₃ moves dynamically between α-FeOOH active-layer and La_1−xCe_xFeO₃ regimes with applied electric potential, leading to excellent stability toward water oxidation involving lattice oxygen. With the assistance of the oxygen-vacancy-mediated redox pseudocapacitance, the as-prepared La_0.9Ce_0.1FeO₃@FeOOH exhibits the lowest overpotential with 257 mV to achieve 10 mA cm⁻², outperforming the benchmark IrO₂@NF electrocatalysts.

This study presents a novel approach to integrating energy storage with structural functionality by synthesizing SmVO₄-MoS₂-CNT nanocomposites and optimizing CNT concentration for enhanced supercapacitor performance. Using VARTM, structural supercapacitor devices (SSDs) are fabricated, achieving high specific capacitance and cyclic stability, promising lightweight solutions for automotive and aerospace applications.

The Co-SAM strategy is employed in this study to blend the additive with MeO-2PACz as a hole transport material, aiming to address the inadequate coverage of MeO-2PACz as a hole transport layer, thereby impacting the efficiency of perovskite solar cells. By utilizing this approach, the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells can be significantly enhanced, leading to a champion efficiency of 23.31%.

M-UCN-T encapsulates •NO donor and is coated with GL261 cell membrane and ER-targeting peptide is constructed. In response to NIR/GSH, M-UCN-T releases •NO in situ to activate the ER-TRPV1 ion channels and causes cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ overload, which induces inter-organelle signal crosstalk and triggers a cascade of immune cell death and apoptosis in tumor cells, and enhances T cell infiltration in tumor cells.

A biodegradable flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (PAG-TENG) is prepared by modifying waste bone gelatin with POSS polymer containing amide groups and 3D cage structure. The triboelectric stimulating system constructed by the PAG-TENG effectively promotes the seed germination of crops.

Highly efficient photocatalytic covalent organic frameworks toward CO₂ reduction are successfully constructed via isomeric designed pyrene knots. K-Py-Bpy-COF-Co exhibited a 5.7-fold higher photocatalytic CO generation rate than A-Py-Bpy-COF-Co. This enhancement is attributed to the enlarged dihedral angles of K-Py-4CHO which are beneficial to the charge transfer and separation while inhibiting exciton recombination.

The subsurface of perovskite (PVK) films produced via the solution method exhibits impurities and a high concentration of defects. This paper examines the limitations of conventional post-treatment strategies for regulating the subsurface of PVK films and introduces an innovative pre-treatment strategy aimed at improving the quality of the film subsurface.

A scalable and systematic protocol for the preparation of colloidal dispersions and the corresponding hydrogels and xerogels is designed by using natural halloysite nanotubes and chitosan. Xerogels maintain the morphological properties due to the presence of nanoclays. The materials can be exploited for pollutants capture from both aqueous and gas phases, being efficient for environmental remediation.

This work reports on the synthesis of a novel self-healing and antifreezing/antidrying conductive eutectohydrogel, with its application to wearable multifunctional sensors and supercapacitors. With the eutectohydrogel-based devices, various biosignals including skin temperature, body movements, and electrocardiogram signals are detected while attached onto skin, recovering the performance even after multiple times self-healing from damages.

A sowing strategy to prepare size-tunable clean-release potassium chloride (KCl) catalysts for the controllable growth of a contamination-free SWCNT array with a high density of 10 tubes µm⁻¹ is reported.

An intriguing phenomenon that liquid metal films disintegrate on encountering water is introduced, which is attributed to the aluminum corrosion-triggered dewetting. Based on it, novel concepts for fabricating liquid metal microdroplets, transient circuits, welding agents, and information encryption are proposed. It provides a scientific insight into ephemeral art and makes the Ga─Al combination more illuminating.

A MoO₃ electrode is used as a solid-state redox mediator to decouple the water reduction and hydrazine oxidation at different times and/or spaces, realizing a membrane-free green and sustainable hydrogen production.

Previously reported hydrogel assemblies are bulky shapes, thus these assembly forms greatly limited their further applications. However, in nature, there are many attractive examples of animal-built network assemblies, which are inspired by the new construction approach of hydrogel assemblies. Here, the multifunctional network-shaped hydrogel assemblies prepared by three -dimension-printed hydrogel blocks of varying shapes and properties are reported.

Isolated N-doped graphene oxide flakes are characterized using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) to investigate their performance in V(V/IV) reactions. The response of sub-domains is heterogeneous even within a single flake. However, very fast charge transfer is observed at defect sites, indicating that these nanomaterials hold great potential as building blocks for high-performing electrodes in redox flow battery applications.

An intelligent aptamer-engineered TAM membrane-encapsulated nanopill has been fabricated, enabling precise targeting of ovarian cancer cells and facilitating the effective delivery of miRNA and chemical drugs for synergistic therapy. This work represents a new paradigm in combining nucleic acid therapy and chemotherapy within engineered nanopills.

A chemically robust (aqueous pH = 3-12 for a day and 3 months in water) Cd-MOF (IITKGP-71) is strategically developed for ultrasensitive detection of Nitrofuran (NFZ and NFT) antibiotics and DCN pesticide with high selectivity, rapid responsiveness and excellent recyclability in aqueous medium.

Through meticulous single-atom coordination engineering, an in-depth exploration of the Sabatier relationship in Fenton-like catalysis is conducted, unveiling a distinct volcanic correlation between the d-band centers of single-atom catalysts and their catalytic activity.

Harnessing the diverse properties of multivalent anions, a novel strategy is introduced for fabricating exceptionally robust hydrogels through the synergistic effects of mineralization, salting-out, and ion coordination induced by multivalent anions. The combined toughening mechanisms significantly enhance the mechanical properties and conductivity of the hydrogel, demonstrating its potential for use in mechanically durable solid-state supercapacitors.

In this study, a defect heterogeneous engineering approach Is adopted, where covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are grown in situ on the surface of zinc oxide (ZnO) through a Schiff base reaction, and defects are introduced into the COF shell layer by means of an imine exchange reaction to construct D-COF@ZnO for piezoelectric-catalyzed uranium removal.

A reference-attached pH nanosensor is developed with the capability to timely and accurately monitor rapid intracellular pH variation. This nanosensor successfully tracks asymmetric pH fluctuations during glycolysis in cancer cells, reveals faster production of acidic metabolites over their removal, and clarifies the inhibitory effects of lactate rather than H⁺ to glycolysis.

A synergistic doping strategy is demonstrated to enhance the humidity stability of lead halide perovskites. Multi-carbonyl polymer poly(benzodifurandione) is doped in perovskites to reduce defect density, and organic iodide thiophene-2-ethylammouium iodide TEAI is added to transport layer to inhibit ion migration. Optimized photodetectors show enhanced stability, maintaining 90% initial photocurrents after 87 days in 60% RH atmosphere at room temperature.

The dissolution and shuttle of LiPSs result in the rapid capacity decay of LSBs. In this study, N/S codoped carbon dots are successfully synthesized with surfaces rich in polar functional groups, which can strongly interact with LiPSs and effectively regulate the deposition behavior of Li₂S.

An efficient ionic liquid, methylamine propionate (MAPA), is adopted to modify the buried interface of all-inorganic perovskite films by establishing a strong interaction with the Pb–Pb dimer, which promotes a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.28% for CsPbI_2.2Br_0.8-based all-inorganic wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (AIWPSCs), and a high PCE of 23.19% for n-i-p structured perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs).

In this study, an enhanced hole-injecting interface for deep-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes is demonstrated through the application of dipole-controlled self-assembled monolayer (SAMs). The SAM-modified hole-injecting interface exhibits optimal energy band alignment, a reduced defect density at the buried interface, and improved hole injection efficiency into the perovskite emitting layers, outperforming the performance of conventional hole-injecting materials, such as PEDOT:PSS.

A novel bond-plucking strategy is developed to synthesize Cu single-atom catalysts (Cu-SACs) with well-defined Cu-N₃ moieties, greatly simplifying the synthetic process, decreasing production costs. The obtained Cu-SACs present high performance for selective oxidation of benzene to phenol. This work paves a new pathway to construct well-defined SACs at low cost, promoting large-scale production and industrial application.

OA is a progressive disease marked by articular cartilage degeneration and bone hyperplasia; seeking to restore joint microenvironment balance is crucial for management. This study presents a double-responsive injectable hydrogel based on ZIF-8 that enhances the microenvironment and promotes cartilage repair via controlled release of bioactive substances.

Torus-shaped Mo_0.1Ni_1.9P nanoparticles having hollow nanorings at the center are synthesized using a single-step one-pot colloidal synthesis method. The nanoring particles act as highly efficient standalone electrocatalysts for alkaline water and seawater splitting at low cell voltage with high turnover frequency. This novel catalyst offers high stability under industrial harsh conditions.

Starting from a single-layer NbS₂ on graphene, new 2D materials Nb_5/3S₃-2D and Nb₂S₃-2D are synthesized via sulfur-deficient annealing or Nb deposition at elevated temperatures. These covalently bound materials exhibit unique structures influenced by surface effects, differing from expected bulk stacking sequences.

This work adopts a multi-strategy involving the introduction of Ni vacancies, the adjustment of the Se/S ratio, and the construction of dual junctions on V_Ni-NiSSe/phase junction CdS, aiming to boost photocatalytic H₂ efficiency. The optimal performance is ascribed to the electron redistribution to occupy more antibonding orbitals and adjust the p-band center and the strong gradient interfacial interaction.

A gut-on-a-chip with integrated sensors is utilized here to examine the effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on intestinal inflammation. Results demonstrate that NPs cause cellular damage and elevate interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels. Enhancing peristaltic activity significantly reduces inflammatory cytokines by over twofold, highlighting peristalsis as a potential protective mechanism against inflammation.

The Cr doping not only induces V_Se to offer more active sites for NRR but also regulates the electronic structure to optimize the adsorption of intermediates. Consequently, suitable Cr doping remarkably enhances NRR activity while easing the competitive HER, delivering MoSe₂ a superior NH₃ yield of 51.53 µg h⁻¹ mg⁻¹_cat and FE of 63.37%, outperforming most reported NRR catalysts.

A new strategy of oriented electron transfer from Cu to Mo₂CT_x to increase the antibonding orbital occupancy of Mo sites is proposed by introducing Cu into Mo₂CT_x via a one-step molten salt method to form Cu-Mo₂CT_x with weakened Mo─H_ads bonds.

A continuous-output ion thermoelectric generator based on the redox reaction of Cu/Cu²⁺ embedded in a flexible MXene/PVA hydrogel is developed to harvest near-room-temperature heat. The thermopower is enhanced by reducing the diffusivity of ions via the addition of MXene. The device also functions as a multifunctional strain and temperature sensor.

Inspired by natural enzyme Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, Zn-modified metal-organic framework 818 (Zn-MOF-818) is synthesized by substituting copper in MOF-818 with zinc, leading to significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities. Subsequently, it developed a biomimetic multifunctional scaffold comprising deferoxamine@Zn-MOF-818, gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel, and demineralized bone matrix to scavenge reactive oxygen species, promote angiogenesis, and regulate local immunity, thus providing an optimal environment for osteogenesis.

A method for the reutilization of CBD-SnO₂ surface groups to construct a molecular bridge based on iodoacetamide is proposed. This strategy increases the carrier mobility of the CBD-SnO₂ and assists the perovskite grain crystallization. The strategy demonstrates the potential of reutilization of the surface groups to enhance the performance of PSCs.

The flexible leather-based optical PUF with anticounterfeiting ability and excellent mechanical properties is prepared by utilizing the unclonable metasurface of leather and the photoluminescence of CO/Cs₂AgBiBr₆ QDs for the first time. The complex encryption of leather-based optical PUF is realized by combining the leather texture-determined unpredictable fluorescence intensity with a self-defined macroscopic fluorescence pattern.

CoFeO_x undergoes quick chemical and slow morphological reconstruction to Fe-CoOOH nanosheets which possess a semi-crystalline nature with distinct short-range ordering and outstanding OER activity with remarkable stability. Theoretical calculations confirm the crucial role of Fe doping in modulating the electronic density, facilitating surface reconstruction, enhancing OER activity, and improving the stability of the Fe-CoOOH.

Pseudohalide tin perovskites synthesized via a solvent-free ball milling method demonstrate enhanced water stability and photocatalytic CO₂ reduction efficiency. By incorporating DMA cations, the materials exhibit improved hydrophobicity and electronic properties, achieving sustainable performance without sacrificial reagents. This study provides an eco-friendly approach to designing stable, high-performance perovskite-based photocatalysts for carbon capture and utilization.

A covalent organic framework (COF) characterized by outstanding chemical stability and high crystallinity is prepared through the method of imine-to-amide post-oxidative conversion. The synthesized COF exhibits tolerance to strong proton acids and achieves outstanding proton conductivity with an exceptionally low activation energy.

By capitalizing on the surface electrostatic potential difference, a cross-linked polyamide (CL-PA) interphase is chemically anchored to the Li₆PS₅Cl electrolyte. This interphase engineering strategy enhances interparticle contact, suppresses electron leakage at grain boundaries, and significantly improves the critical current density of the LPSC electrolyte, enabling its application in high-performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with promising commercial potential.

The study aims to improve the practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) by designing a heteroatom-doped carbon porous layer using laser-assisted carbonization of copper-doped polyaniline (c-Cu-PANI). This modification enhances electrochemical stability, suppresses dendrite formation, and mitigates parasitic reactions. The c-Cu-PANI/Zn anodes show superior cycling stability and Coulombic efficiency, offering a promising strategy for improving the performance and commercial viability of aqueous ZIBs.

The study examines the interfacial stability of an aqueous biphasic system (ABS) using lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and lithium chloride (LiTFSI-LiCl) electrolytes. Findings reveal liquid-liquid instability and solid phase formation at the interphase over time, observed via optical microscopy and electrochemical measurements. These insights are crucial for improving ABSs in applications, emphasizing the significance of maintaining stable interphases for electrochemical performance.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive biomimetic nanoparticles show excellent injured kidney targeting. RBCM@CeO₂/TAK-242 alleviates CaOx induced kidney injury and reduces crystals deposition. RBCM@CeO₂/TAK-242 nanoparticles could inhibit oxidative stress and M1 macrophage polarization. RBCM@CeO₂/TAK-242 protected against CaOx induces kidney injury by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Zwitterionic polymer lipid nanoparticles (ZP-LNPs) are assembled with three lipids and zwitterionic polymer polycarboxybetaine (PCB) modified lipid DMG-PCB_n. B4-3@siRNA and B5-1@siRNA screened from 90 ZP-LNPs can selectively deliver siRNA to the liver and lung, respectively, which is mediated by the different pKa and protein corona. ZP-LNPs show promising application for the treatment of diseases associated with the liver and lung.

The conformation of PEDOT chains are regulated from helical benzoyl to linear quinone structure via incorporation of 2D Cd_0.85PS₃Li_0.15H_0.15 dopant into the conventional PEDOT:PSS interlayer. As a result, the PCE of OPVs based on D18:L8-BO is boosted from 18.37% to 19.26%. The application of Cd_0.85PS₃Li_0.15H_0.15 doping PEDOT:PSS strategy demonstrates great potential for the development of strongly conductive, large-work-function, highly transparent, and excellent-waterproof PEDOT:PSS interlayer toward highly efficient and stable OPVs.

An amphiphilic molecule nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate (NFSA) is employed in electrolytes to realize anion-enrichment interfacial design. The polar lithophilic segments (-SO₃-) present a capability to solvate Li⁺ ions, while the perfluoroalkyl chains (-CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₃) exhibit a solvent-phobic, which alters the Li⁺ solvation environment in the electrolyte and thus building a favorable interphase enriched with anion-derived inorganic compositions on Li electrode.

An elaborate surface engineering of copper foam substrate is adopted for constructing the current-collector-free and binder-free supercapacitor electrodes of hierarchically heterostructured Ce-2MI@CuO NW@CF. As-assembled three-electrode supercapacitors of Ce-2MI@CuO NW@CF are endowed with excellent cycling stability and a superior capacity, and the corresponding asymmetrical supercapacitor device can light up a light-emitting diode bulb for 20 min.

A breakthrough in epitaxial (001)-oriented Hf_0.5Zr_0.5O₂ films grown by atomic layer epitaxy is demonstrated, achieving a record-high ferroelectric polarization of 78.9 µC cm⁻². This study establishes a two-step, 90° ferroelastic domain switching model and highlights the significance of crystallographic orientation, providing key insights into polarization dynamics and negative capacitance in ferroelectrics.

The Cu-Co_0.85Se@NC-2 anode with an optimal concentration of Cu²⁺-doped and yolk-shell structure is developed to enhance the reaction kinetics and cycling life. The Cu²⁺-doped modulates the electronic structure of the Co_0.85Se interface, improves the diffusion and adsorption of K⁺, and further promotes the charge transport efficiency. Both coin-type and pouch cells show outstanding rate performance and ultra-long life.

This work in situ synthesized NiCo-metal-organic framework (MOF)/Ce-MOF heterostructure by one-step hydrothermal reaction. Then the external NiCo-MOF is transformed into NiCoP by a low-temperature partial phosphorization treatment while the internal Ce-MOF remained its hexagon structure. This novel interface engineering can enhance the electron transfer rate thus improving the activity of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction under large current density.

MnSe@Ti₃C₂T_x electrode material exhibits excellent electrochemical properties owing to the exceptional conductivity of Ti₃C₂T_x, Faraday pseudocapacitance characteristics imparted by MnSe, and the unique heterostructured micro-flower structure of the electrode material. The MnSe@Ti₃C₂T_x electrode material proposed in this study offers a novel approach for modifying Ti₃C₂T_x-based electrode materials and also provides an effective strategy for the development of flexible supercapacitors.

A feasible strategy using a multifunctional phosphorylcholine chloride (CP) is developed, not only beneficial for regulation of chemical bath deposition (CBD) SnO₂ to inhibit the aggregation of nanoparticles, but passivating the defects both in the film and at the buried interface of SnO₂/perovskite, contributing to the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) significantly improved to 24.04% (over 21.55%) with improved long-term stability.

IO@MM increased the immune cell infiltration, turning the “Cold” TME into an immune-activating “Hot” one. It also promotes tumor release of damage-associated molecular patterns and serves as an antigen reservoir to retain dendritic cells.

By decoration of isolated bismuth oxide nanodots on titanium dioxide nanofibers, heterogeneous electric field is constructed by the well-distributed nano-heterojunctions to promote bone regeneration. The heterogeneous electrical microenvironment facilitates coupling of immunomodulation and angiogenesis, as well as pro-angiogenic transformation of macrophages, which are mainly mediated by enhancement of calcium ion influx and subsequent activation of PI3K signaling cascades.

Al-doped fillet polyhedral SrTiO₃ exhibits high surface activity and low defect density, exposing anisotropic facets, particularly high-index facets {112}. This structure forms a built-in electric field, which enhances photocarriers separation and transfer, reduces recombination rate, and thereby improves their lifetime and utilization. When loaded with RhCrO_x/CoO_x cocatalysts, the material demonstrates significant advantages in photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production.

The study creates a heterostructure by combining two magnetically and structurally distinct ruthenium oxides and carefully explores the magnetic proximity and electronic reconfiguration near the exotic interfaces, which is important for the next generation of hybrid heterostructures.

A nanofluidic membrane consisting of self-assembled biomass-derived cellulose nanocrystals and in situ-grown metal-organic frameworks is developed to harvest and convert salinity gradient energy. This work presents an exploration of creating the core nanofluidic membrane for salinity gradient energy conversion from well-resourced, eco-friendly, and sustainable biomass materials by using a simple, cost-effective, and low-emission fabrication strategy.

The abundant and robustly coupled interface and synergistic interaction between the CoRu nanoalloys and CoMoO₄ nanosheet arrays facilitate the efficient transfer of electrons and induce an interfacial electron redistribution, thus improving the catalytic performance.

Model Fe-N-C catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are developed in such a way that they feature either FeN₄ single-atoms, Fe₃C nanoclusters, or a combination of both. Experiments demonstrate improved ORR performance in terms of catalytic activity and selectivity thanks to the synergy between single-atoms and nanoclusters, further supported by DFT calculations.

This work offers a bottom-up strategy to improve thermoelectric properties. By adjusting the properties of microstructural units and then designing and preparing bulk materials, the transport properties are modulated to optimize thermoelectric properties. The ZT value of Bi₂S₃ system reaches 1 at 673 K for the first time, indicating its potential for business application.

A bifunctional Ni-Fe dual-site composite electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction is reported together with the catalyst deployment in a high-performance rechargeable zinc–air battery.

The engineered probiotic-nanosystem effectively enhances the GEM-induced ICD and promotes the penetration of tumor-suppressive immune cells in pancreatic tumors, resulting in a robust immune response, which transformed the immunosuppressive pancreatic tumor into immunostimulated one and remarkably improved the chemo-immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer.