The cover image is based on the Case Study Benign or Premalignant? Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Later Diagnosed as Ductal Carcinoma Breast Cancer: Case Report and Review of Literature by Vahid Zangouri et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.6323.

Statins are a widely used class of drug, usually safe and well-tolerated. Their cutaneous side effects are exceedingly rare. We describe a case of photoexposed purpuric eruption mediated by rosuvastatin.

Although PTC has overall good survival, brain metastasis is rare and confers poor prognosis. Incidental microMTC in thyroidectomy specimens for PTC is also rare, and there is lack of evidence to support routine RET mutation testing in these patients.

We report the case of a relapse of Hodgkin's lymphoma revealed by a skin involvement characterized by a nodular scleroderma-like placard with ulcerations at the neck, thorax, and armpits. The diagnosis should be considered in unexplained skin lesions. There is no specific treatment, and this disease responds to standard chemotherapy.

A surgeon must be prepared to manage all possible complications from surgeries they offer to patients. Tracheal necrosis is a very uncommon complication of a thyroidectomy; however, this case demonstrates this as a possibility as well as a potential treatment plan in the event it does occur.

This manuscript describes a previously unreported clinical case of Salmonella enterica serovar infantis associated with ulcerative keratitis in a dog. Local immunosuppression of the corneal surface likely contributed to this opportunistic infection. Antimicrobial therapy with topical ofloxacin, tobramycin, and systemic enrofloxacin was successful in resolving the infection.

Urticaria multiforme affect young children but rarely adolescents, is benign and leads unnecessary investigations.

Tumor cells are positive for CDK4 (left) and MDM2 (right encircled shows nuclear positivity for MDM2).

A patient with lung cancer was administrated osimertinib. She developed symptomatic heart failure due to Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC). As her condition improved after discontinuing osimertinib, TC was thought to be caused by osimertinib. Reoccurrence of TC was seen after readministrating half dose of osimertinib.

This case report demonstrates the need for otolaryngologists to maintain Eagle syndrome in their differential even when the presentation arises in pediatric patients.

Suggested prerequisites for ECT application in HCM patients: (1) low risk-SCD score (no late gadolinium enhancement, no LVOT obstruction). (2) No arrhythmia in holter ECG. (3) Bedside defibrillation standby during ECT. (4) Beta blocker pretreatment.

Hypoparathyroidism can be considered part of the endocrine disorders described in SLE. This study reminds us of the importance of considering and paying attention to hypocalcemia before and during the diagnosis of SLE.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hemophilia patients necessitates thorough preparation as well as suitable substitution treatment for the lacking coagulation factor, which is administered by a multidisciplinary team in a comprehensive center.

Fibrin cast depositions play an important role in COVID-19-induced ARDS. Systemic administration of fibrinolytic may accompany with risk of bleeding. Nebulization of r-tPA (Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator) can temporally associated with transient improvements in oxygenation in COVID-19-induced ARDS. Fibrinolytic nebulization would minimize bleeding risk-associated systemic administration.

Cutaneous infiltration is a rare manifestation of multiple myeloma. It generally occurs at a late stage of the disease and is an ominous clinical sign. Skin involvement is usually associated with poor prognosis and requires aggressive therapies.

There are cases of acetaminophen-induced Stevens–Johnson syndrome in which lung injury progresses rapidly and irreversibly, leading to fatal outcomes.

Sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with axillary breast cancer is technically challenging and poorly described. Concurrent peri-tumoral and intra-tumoral injection of radionuclide tracer may allow for identification and biopsy of sentinel nodes.

MASC is a newly recognized malignant salivary gland tumor that has similar histological and genetic features to BSC. MASC clinical behavior is still lacking in the medical literature. Further research is needed to understand the clinical behavior and the role of NTRK inhibitors in managing locally advanced NTRK-altered MASC.

Of the abdominal viscera injuries, pancreatic trauma cases are one of the most difficult to diagnose owing to the delayed and unspecific clinical presentations, and lower sensitivity of contrast enhanced CT scan. A high index of suspicion is warranted especially in patients with progressively worsening clinical conditions.

Thyroid tissue in cervical lymph nodes can be found in the abcence or presence of a primary thyroid malignany. A conservative approach is recomended if pathology shows benign thyroid tissue in cervical lymph nodes.

We discuss a patient with a confirmed diagnosis of Fontaine progeroid syndrome (FPS), comparing his phenotype with that of the previously reported cases.

Stump ectopic pregnancy is a rare event. Long tubal stump might increase the risk of stump ectopic pregnancy; hence, the length of the tube should be minimized whenever possible.

Using a TSB socket with antero-distal silicone wall might be a better option for amputees with loss of soft tissue in bony prominence region in the antero-distal of the tibia to control pain, increase comfort, and decrease interface pressure distribution compared with a rigid wall socket.

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is a rare skeletal disorder characterized by a widespread distribution of osteochondromas originating from the metaphyses of long bones. The proband was diagnosed with HME by clinical manifestations and gene test.

The poly-D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) mesh provided excellent results in terms of stability, protection, preserved signal transmission and patient comfort avoiding explantation and re-implantation of the CI in this case.

Intussuception in adults is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Early imaging like ultrasonography and CT scan can lead us to make the diagnosis soon. Laparotomy is the choice of surgery for small bowel obstruction. The extension of resection depends on the pathologic cause of intussusception as the lead point.

A case in which pain due to arterial dissection associated with postpartum period may have been involved in RCVS and PRES. And we confirmed its reversibility by MRI for understanding temporal changes in CAD, RCVS, and PRES, especially MSDE sequencing method.

We report a patient with Bloom syndrome who had refractory gastroduodenal ulcers requiring gastroduodenectomy. Since gastroduodenal ulcers with Bloom syndrome have not been reported so far, it was challenging to diagnose with her. As the complications of Bloom syndrome are diverse, the accumulation of their case reports is warranted.

A fracture of the mastoid bone should be considered in the work-up of a head and neck traumatic injury. A well-pneumatized mastoid can absorb forceful impacts, protecting middle and inner ear structures. Fractures of the mastoid, followed by Valsalva maneuver can lead to subcutaneous cervical emphysema.

COVID-19 vaccine-associated myositis. Coronal short tau inversion recovery magnetic resonance (STIR MR) images of left arm (A and B) showing edema in the deltoid muscle with adjacent perifascial fluid.

Each breast lesion in patients with a history of granulomatous mastitis should be evaluated for possible breast malignancy. Also, close monitoring and follow-ups in patients with GM are suggested.

We report a case of disseminated scabies in a 2-month-old infant. Scabies is a skin disease caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The diagnosis was made by skin scraping and microscopic examination of the crusts. The patients were successfully treated with permethrin cream (5%).

Although Ludwig's angina is usually odontogenic in origin, it is important to highlight that other etiologies are possible, although less common.

A Tunisian patient with painless swelling and discharging sinuses of the right foot was diagnosed with eumycetoma after 1 year of evolution. Mycetoma is a neglected disease relatively rare in our country. An early and accurate diagnosis, based on histopathological and microbiological examinations, limits functional and esthetical damage.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major global concern and various vaccines have been developed and approved for the use against it; however, there are immune-related issues associated with these vaccines that should be addressed separately for every patient. In this study, we report two cases of rapidly progressive hair loss following COVID-19 vaccination.

Cervical esophageal perforation requires an immediate diagnosis due to its high mortality rate. Prompt collaboration between the surgeon and gastroenterologist is important for treatment.

Spontaneous gas gangrene of the lower limb is a serious infection. Early diagnosis and management are essential to improve the prognosis. It should be considered in patient with digestive cancer who presents pain with local signs in the lower limb.

Although there are many causes of neurological manifestations, IgG4-related systemic disease should be considered in the absence of other causes. Here, we discuss a 33-year-old female patient with the disease and the treatment which improved her symptoms.

Testing for Cryptococcus should not be limited to immunocompromised patients. The neurologic manifestations of cryptococcosis are often less typical of meningitis. The Indian ink-staining technique should be used routinely for all CSF examinations, regardless of the patient.

Gingival lesions are considered one of the most resistant sites of pemphigus vulgaris. Their management, aimed at long-term complete clinical remission, may include the use of rituximab in combination with systemic immunosuppressive drugs.

Even in adult cases of multisystemic Langerhans cell histiocytosis, remission may be achieved without systemic therapy if the symptoms of lung involvement are relieved by smoking cessation.

Coil embolization is a simple and safe procedure in patients presenting with ectopic varices-related hemorrhage, especially when endoscopic treatment is unavailable or technically unfeasible. Yet, seen the high reported prevalence of rebleeding, decompressive treatments should always be discussed in a multidisciplinary team after coil embolization.

We report on an exceedingly rare case of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)-producing uterine leiomyosarcoma, with β-hCG seemingly associated with poorer prognosis; however, its application as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker is unclear and should be further investigated.

Post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome severely affects the quality of life and prognosis of patients and may be successfully treated with bilateral lung transplantation in selected patients even in the presence of a multi-organ chronic graft-versus-host disease, if controlled.

Lenalidomide may increase risk for a variety of autoimmune complications, use in at-risk patients should be accompanied by close monitoring. This is the first reported case of an autoimmune enteropathy developing after initiation of lenalidomide.

This case report outlines the importance to consider α-thalassemia genetic testing in patients with β-thalassemia trait in areas of Italy where both thalassemias are endemic and in those whose prevalence increased due to immigrations to reach a definitive diagnosis for establishing the best medical practice and for assessing offspring risk.

It is essential to consider brucella pleurisy in the presence of pulmonary manifestations, specially in the sub-acute phase of brucellosis.

Non-coagulopathic hemothorax of unknown etiology increases suspicion for neoplasia and may result in euthanasia without further diagnostics. This case study demonstrates that advanced imaging can be crucial in appropriate diagnosis and prognosis.

We should always consider the possibility of segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) in case of a shock after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH with cerebral vasospasm may be associated with SAM.

Brucellosis should be overlooked other endemic diseases in COVID-19 patients based on the history of admitted patients.

Small cell osteosarcoma is a rare sub-type of osteogenic malignant tumors. The difference with other types is retained on histological characteristics. A wrong diagnosis may cause a delay in the management of this type of cancer, mainly on surgical resection which is the unique curative treatment.

There is no association between maternal age and Fraccaro syndrome. Along with classical clinical features of Fraccaro syndrome, our case further presented unusual sexual masturbation behavior. Fraccaro syndrome features in an undiagnosed male should be followed by karyotype analysis and a subsequent appropriate treatment for adequate growth and pubertal development.

Radiation therapy has always been suspected to be clinically hyper-radiosensitive in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum, depriving them of this very effective modality in the treatment of their cancers. As these suspicions have still not been confirmed, his place in these patients should be reconsidered, while applying precautionary principles.

Residual hypopigmentation can occur in FDE. Epithelial hyperplasia is a histopathologic feature of chronic lesions. Refractory period can influence response to oral DPT; thus, patient may need to be observed longer than the recommended 7 days. Chronic recurring FDE of the glans penis and meatal area can cause meatal stenosis.

Photograph showing patient's shoulder in vulnerable position.

Visual loss as a presenting clinical feature of Wernicke's encephalopathy is very rare and must be considered in an appropriate clinical setting, such as hyperemesis gravidarum, in order to facilitate early treatment. Visual loss, characterized by retinal hemorrhages and disc edema, may be reversible in Wernicke's encephalopathy if treated early with Thiamine.

In patients with end-stage renal disease presenting with lower extremity ulcers, the differential diagnoses include vasculitis, infectious process, and calciphylaxis. Nevertheless, simple causes, such as uremic pruritus,should also be remembered.

Calcification of intraocular lens is uncommon and has been reported after cataract surgery, in scleral buckles, and implants. Coexistence with capsular opacification in a typical pattern in the same eye is an extremely rare phenomenon.

Bougienage-associated esophageal perforation is rare. Guidewire-related perforation distant from the stricture site remains an even more uncommon mechanism. Post-procedure endoscopy remains instrumental to detect perforation and provide closure.

Periorbital ecchymosis, known as Panda or Raccoon eyes, is seen when blood pools in subcutaneous periorbital tissues. It is a classical physical sign of basal skull fractures but can be seen in other conditions. Operative management is indicated in cases of associated intracranial hemorrhage, infection, or persistent CSF leak.

Differential diagnosis of intractable low back pain during acute exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) necessitates high clinical suspicion and early CT for exclusion of SLE and non-SLE acute low back emergencies.

Children's musculoskeletal pain must be evaluated thoroughly, especially with associated findings such as bone pain and tenderness, fever, night sweating, weight loss, organomegaly or lymphadenopathy, and neurological findings.

Pseudoxanthomatous salpingitis is usually associated with ovarian endometriosis. Its pathophysiology is still debated but may be explained by a macrophage response due to hemorrhage directly into the fallopian tube lumen

A 6-year-old girl with congenital portosystemic shunt presented with abnormal manganese levels and improving pulmonary hypertension even 1 year after shunt vascular ligation. As the progress after portal vein blood flow recovery varies among individuals, long-term follow-up of patients with congenital portosystemic shunt is needed.

When vulvar edema is associated with prolonged labor, the management of such “congestive” types of edema should focus on the management of prolonged labor itself. Such edema then subsides spontaneously following delivery.

Complete talar dislocation—extrusion is an uncommon sequela of high-energy trauma. When the talus is unavailable for reimplantation, a staged treatment plan with the use (a) of an antibiotic cement spacer, followed by (b) tibiotalocalcaneal fusion with bone allograft interposition, may ensure a good clinical outcome.

A 12-mm-diameter fully covered self-expandable metal stent may be effective for securing hemostasis in post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding following endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation.

Carcinoma erysipeloides remains rare form of cutaneous metastasis that presents as an erythematous, well-demarcated patch or plaque that resembles erysipelas. It is most frequently associated with carcinoma of the breast, but has been reported with other primary tumors, including lung and colon, accounting for 4% of skin metastases. In this report, we describe a case of inflammatory metastasis of cutaneous melanoma (CM).

Progressive expansion of maxillae and mandible in young children might be a sign of an autoinflammatory bone disease named Cherubism. Biopsy and genetic study will help to confirm the diagnosis.

In angioleiomyoma, sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings are not sufficient to distinguish it from other tumors. Excision of smaller and symptomatic lesions and biopsy are necessary.

The coexistence of gastric adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, and ectopic pancreas is exceptional and can only be confirmed by histopathological examination of the surgical specimen.