Spin frustration has drawn people's attention for its significance in physics and materials science, especially for quantum spin liquids. Organic radical species show a promising potential in building spin-frustrated compounds. This Minireview briefly introduces the reported examples of organic radicals that possess spin frustration and summarizes their related data on frustration properties.

Creating an artificial visual sensory system demands cutting-edge optoelectronic materials and devices capable of emulating the intricate functions of biological synapses. In this concise review, we delve into the latest breakthroughs in organic materials, devices, and applications pertaining to the realm of artificial visual sensory systems. Our comprehensive summary of these developments serves as a vital source of insight, illuminating the path forward for future advancements in this dynamic field.

A nature-inspired chemical engineering (NICE) approach for the design of nature-inspired electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO₂ to C₁ products is presented in this Minireview.

Advanced X-ray scattering and absorption as well as neutron scattering can extract structural information describing assembly and supramolecular assembly of soluble inorganic nanostructures (SoINs). Here we review the use of X-rays and neutrons for SoIN characterization, covering basic principles, practices, data analysis, and recent relevant studies that probe the solution state of materials/inorganic chemistry.

This review examines the impact of thermal treatments on the optimization of nano-electrocatalysts for electrochemical applications. It focuses on atomic-level structural changes induced by heat and assesses their influence on electrocatalysis. The article also offers tailored approaches to guide researchers in selecting effective techniques and thermal settings, thereby advancing electrochemical research.

This study successfully demonstrates the one-pot biocatalysis-based production of calcium terephthalate from waste PET. The incorporation of Ca²⁺ during the production process not only enhanced the efficiency of enzymatic plastic depolymerization but also reduced the base consumption. Consequently, this approach has proven to be a cost-effective and eco-friendly method for upcycling PET into calcium terephthalate.

This work describes the photo-induced self-assembly of binary nanoparticles capped with a layer of complementary copolymer ligands into well-defined colloidal molecules. By varying the irradiation duration and the order of mixing and irradiating, the assembly process yields clustered AB_x and linear (AB)_y structures (x is the coordination number of NP-Bs, and y is the repeating unit number of AB clusters in the linear structure) at high precision and tunability.

A series of self-assembling glycopeptide conjugates (GPCs) were synthesized to produce uniform nanoribbons with homogeneous oligosaccharides appended in a multivalent array. Some of the conjugates exhibited immunostimulatory effects both in vitro and in vivo.

A previously underexplored α-GalCer chemical space was discovered and diversified to elicit very high antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. The multicomponent derivatization of the new glycolipid hotspot allowed the incorporation either of extra functionalities that enhanced the adjuvant effect or conjugation handles that are useful for the development of self-adjuvanting vaccines.

An iron oxide-based spiky artificial peroxidase with V−O−Fe pair sites (V-Fe₂O₃) for efficient and selective ROS-catalysis has been reported. We demonstrate that the V-Fe₂O₃ can achieve the localized “capture and killing” bifunction from the spiky morphology and massive ROS (⋅OH and HClO) production, which efficiently eliminate MRSA and accelerate wound recovery without causing noticeable inflammation and toxicity.

Bioorthogonal de novo phospholipid synthesis utilizing the reactions between hydroxylamine and α-ketoacids (KAs) or potassium acyltrifluoroborates (KATs) enables the rapid formation of biomimetic membranes under physiological pH conditions, using reactant concentrations in the micromolar range. Additionally, these reactions are biocompatible and can be performed in living mammalian cells.

Surface-initiated polymerization reaction of gallium-based liquid metal nanoparticles under sonication allows the construction of smart core/shell microgels. Multifunctional DNA microgels with tunable properties were prepared by introducing different vinyl monomers and functional DNA structures and controlling the polymerization process. The photothermal effect of LM NPs also contributed to the NIR-driven motion of these smart microgels.

A dynamic exchange of the hydrogen between the CO₂ absorbed cation and the anion of a functional ionic liquid modulates the electroreduction of CO₂ over copper as examined by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. The microenvironment created by the ionic liquid enables conversion products beyond CO with reduced potential requirements, increased current, and product selectivity.

Radical intermediates with red emission are captured by a strategy of chemically crosslinked confinement. The emitters have unique photochemical activity and work in spatiotemporal encryption.

The enzymatic synthesis of dextran in lipidic mesophase catalyzed by the enzyme dextransucrase DSR-M not only yields polymers at 30 °C that are six times longer than in bulk solution at identical concentrations of reactants, but also allows the reaction to be carried out in subzero liquid water at temperatures as low as −20 °C.

Ni-catalyzed migratory β-selective hydroarylation and hydroalkenylation of alkenyl ketones and alkenyl azahetereoarenes have been realized with aryl boronic acids using alkyl halide as the mild hydride source. This reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope and incredible heterocycle compatibility, providing a variety of β-aryl or -alkenyl ketones or heteroarenes in moderate to high yields.

Ethylene polymerization catalyst prepared by grafting Cr[CH(SiMe₃)₂]₃ on SiO₂ contains well-defined Cr(III) alkyl surface sites, as shown using a combination of ML-supported-XAS and EPR spectroscopies. Furthermore, it is also possible to show by EPR that Cr(III) alkyl sites are competent for olefin insertion.

A catalytic enantioselective propargyl-aryl cross-coupling between two electrophiles was achieved for the first time in a stereoconvergent manner. The potential utility of this conversion is demonstrated in the facile construction of stereoenriched bioactive molecule derivatives and medicinal compounds based on the diversity of acetylenic chemistry. Detailed experimental studies have revealed the key mechanistic features of this transformation.

Introducing hydrides into the lattice of BaTiO₃ can notably enhance the methanol yield over a supported Cu catalyst in CO₂ hydrogenation due to the direct participation of surface hydrides in the reaction and the modified electronic property of the interfacial sites in the Cu/ BaTiO_2.8H_0.2 catalyst.

Rhodium(I)-catalyzed hydroarylative cyclization of 1,6-diynes with three distinct classes of arenes has been realized, enabling highly enantioselective synthesis of a broad range of axially chiral 1,3-dienes that are conformationally labile. Detailed mechanistic studies have been explored by experimental and computational methods.

Heterogeneous chiral Rh catalysts were developed for continuous-flow enantioselective hydroacylations. The prepared catalysts exhibited excellent activity and enantioselectivity affording optically active ketones in quantitative yields with 99 % ee's without the leaching of Rh. The catalysts exhibited a wide substrate scope and, in sequential-flow reactions, the flow syntheses of value-added chemicals were demonstrated.

A mild electrocatalytic system is reported for the reductive alkylation of primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl chlorides with conjugated alkenes.

It is important to explore modulators with heightened selectivity index (SI) for a subtype of low-voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels (Ca_v3.1–3.3) for drug development. Among 23 Buxus alkaloids featuring three distinct carbon skeletons, 9(10/19)abeo-artane-type compounds 9 and 10 were identified as a novel type of Ca_v3.2 inhibitor. With a unique binding mode, they exhibit highly enhanced preference for Ca_v3.2 over Ca_v3.1 and robust analgesic effects.

A general skeletal ring expansion strategy was developed for the direct conversion of azoles into various heterocyclic frameworks containing fluoroalkyl-substituted quaternary centers through dearomative one-carbon insertion using fluoroalkyl N-triftosylhydrazones. The method is scalable, tolerates diverse functional groups, and is amenable to the synthesis of medicinally relevant molecules.

The unique properties of Group IV chalcogenide rocksalt crystals are associated with metavalent bonding (MVB), a recent subject of debate. In this study, we investigate various 2D lattices of chalcogenides to understand MVB. Honeycomb lattices adhere to the 8-N rule and are covalently bonded. Square and orthorhombic structures display in-plane MVB, driven by p-p orbital interactions, with cationic lone pairs inducing out-of-plane puckering.

The asymmetric α-alkylation of acyclic carbonyls with hydrocarbons is of substantial interest and challenge. Herein, we achieved the enantioselective oxidative cross-coupling of 2-acylimidazoles with up to 99 % ee in moderate to good yields, thus providing an elegant access to optically active carbonyl compounds. Density functional theory calculations suggest a radical-radical cross-coupling pathway.

An unprecedented quadruple tandem catalytic production of esters and aldehydes from methanol and methyl acetate/ethanol has been developed, allowing for customized chain length and saturation by leveraging the proximity and distribution of Cu−Cs sites. This approach has the potential to revolutionize the production of value-added methyl methacrylate (MMA), surpassing the current industrial processes to significantly lower the production costs.

A one-dimensionally arranged quantum-dot superstructure has been created by using a supramolecular polymer template composed of hydrogen-bonded cholesterol derivatives. This superstructure is not obtained by the self-assembly of the quantum dots in the absence of the template. The closely arranged quantum dots allows efficient energy transfer between them.

We present a photoswitchable bio-interface through ligand functionalization on 2D-MoS₂, achieving differential-interactions-based Gram-selective antibacterial activity that enables effective wound healing applications.

N₃C₁-anchored single metal sites in well-defined molecules are studied to make up the structure-property correlation study challenge for carbon materials. The established volcano plots and the experimental catalysis results provide possibilities of fundamental understanding of asymmetric single metal active sites for electrochemical catalysis.

We demonstrate the ultrasensitive, specific, selective and multiplexed detection of different antibodies in blood serum using a strategy that couples the programmability and versatility of DNA-based systems with the sensitivity provided by enzymatic amplification.

A facile and efficient ‘dormancy and double-activation’ strategy was demonstrated to construct highly ZIF-8-loaded MMM with quasi-semi-continuous channels for rapid CO₂ transportation.

AgF is capable of converting the enolate-phosphonium zwitterion into a novel silver enolate-fluorophosphorane species, which enables the development of (3+2) annulation of 4-acetoxy allenoate and aldimine via P(III)/P(V) catalysis. The proof-of-concept study has demonstrated that the silver enolate moiety offers an alternative approach to realize an asymmetric variant merely by the introduction of an additional chiral PyBox ligand.

A rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective formal [4+1] annulation of benzyl alcohols and benzaldimines with secondary silanes has been achieved in excellent enantioselectivity to afford a range of sila-O- and sila-N-heterocycles with silicon-stereogenic centers, where the rhodium catalyst plays a dual role in the O/N-Si and C-Si coupling.

Sufficient conversion of residual photoinstable PbI₂ into robust 1D perovskite (EMIMPbI₃) can improve device stability, while the formation of an interfacial dipole layer at the SnO₂/perovskite interface can reduce the energetic mismatch via a single process. The optimized device delivers an efficiency of 24.28 % and a remarkable open circuit voltage of 1.19 V, accompanied with excellent humidity and operational stability.

A high-efficiency electrochemical ammonia (NH₃) synthesis from NO_x on a Cu-activated Co foam electrode was developed as a promising alternative for the Haber–Bosch process. The new synthesis can convert pollutants into elevated value-added NH₃ applicable for agriculture, energy storage, etc., imposing a sustainable nitrogen cycle.

A fully aromatic carbazole-based self-assembled monolayer, denoted as MeO-PhPACz, is employed as a hole-selective layer (HSL) in inverted wide-band gap perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The fully aromatic configuration is crucial in promoting the formation of a dense and highly ordered HSL, improving hole extraction/transport efficiency. The optimized wide-band gap PSCs attain a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.10 % and excellent UV resistance.

Ruthenium tris(bipyridine) (RB) cations promote the intramolecular charge transfer of O₂⁻ dimers and accelerate their disproportionation in discharge and charge processes. This facilitates the reaction kinetics and simultaneously mitigates O₂⁻ and ¹O₂ related side reactions to endow the Li-O₂ battery with small overvoltages and prolonged cycling stability.

Novel LaNi_1-xCo_xRu intermetallics were prepared. In these compounds, the 5d orbital of La transfers electrons to the 4d orbital of Ru, which provides adsorption sites for H*. The 3d orbitals of Ni and Co interact with the 5d and 4d orbitals to generate an anisotropic electron distribution, which facilitates the adsorption and desorption of OH*. The synergistic effect of multi-d electrons ensures efficient catalytic activity.

Gel membranes integrate the structural benefits of solid and liquid phases, culminating in the plasticization of cross-linked structure. This results in a decrease in the density of chain segment stacking and enhances the free volume within the separation membrane. Consequently, these gel membranes exhibit exceptional gas permeability, setting new records in performance.

Using cesium cyclopropane acids (C₃) gives high crystallization quality in an all-inorganic perovskite CsPbI₂Br prepared in a wide ambient moisture window (RH: 25–65 %). The resultant CsPbI₂Br solar cells exhibit a high efficiency (>17 %) and excellent environmental stability. The vaporization enthalpy of the side product DMA-acid (adjustable by C₃ loads) modifies the perovskite crystallization and device performance under different humidity.

The final steps of valanimycin biosynthesis have been reconstituted in vitro. The oxidation of a dialkyl hydrazine intermediate to the characteristic azoxy moiety in valanimycin is catalyzed by VlmB, which is a non-heme diiron enzyme. The VlmB-catalyzed four-electron oxidation may commence with a resting μ-oxo diferric complex without prior reduction.

We successfully constructed a high-performance solid-state battery based on Li-rich Li_1.2Ni_0.2Mn_0.6O₂ cathode, Li_6.5La₃Zr_1.5Ta_0.5O₁₂ solid electrolyte and GaN-modified Li anode. The assembled Li symmetric cell shows quite low interfacial resistance and great interfacial stability, and the full battery shows a high initial capacity, a high capacity retention, a high rate capability and a significantly mitigated voltage decay demonstrating a great potential in high energy density solid-state battery.

A novel pyrene-fused dimerized acceptor has been synthesized to show extended π-conjugation, low solubility, high glass transition temperature, and low-lying frontier energy levels, leading to over 19% efficiency and highly stable ternary organic solar cells.

An oxygen-vacancy-enriched Sr and Ru perovskite oxide is constructed by modulating the Sr-site deficiency, thus exhibiting high Faradaic efficiency (38.6 %) and high NO₃⁻ yield rate (17.9 μmol mg⁻¹ h⁻¹) in the electrocatalytic nitrogen oxidation reaction (NOR). The Ru active sites along with their adjacent oxygen vacancies in the perovskite oxide enhance the adsorption/activation of N₂ molecules and decrease the thermodynamic barrier towards NOR.

By combining experimental and theoretical approaches, a facile and green recyclability room-temperature salt template antisolvent precipitation strategy is developed to prepare nitrogen-doped 3D pore carbon (N-3DPC). In situ Raman and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses reveal that N-3DPC has highly reversible adsorption, fill, and intercalation reaction mechanisms, resulting in superior alkali metal-ion storage performance.

Single-molecule imaging can elucidate the intricate biomolecular dynamics in vivo. We present a straightforward thiolation of squaraine that enhances its photobleaching lifetime by approximately fivefold at the single molecule level. This advancement allows for extended single-molecule tracking of the membrane protein CD56 in live cells, effectively tripling the duration of our observations.

The C≡C linked covalent benzothiadiazole-based organic polymer with fluorine side groups is obtained for lithium organic batteries and exhibits superior electrochemical properties through the optimized molecule structure among alkynyl, benzothiadiazole, and fluorine groups.

The first asymmetric total synthesis of spirotetronate polyketides spirohexenolides A and B is reported. This synthesis features a ring-closing metathesis macrocyclization followed by double dehydration to achieve the C15 macrocycle with the unprecedented deformed nonplanar 1,3,5-triene conjugation.

To investigate the relationship between confined space and product selectivity, a wrinkle structure was used as a model for confined spaces. The shape and dimension of the wrinkle can be systematically controlled at nano- to micro-scale. The systematic control of the wrinkle model has revealed that the selectivities for CH₄, C₂H₄, and EtOH are influenced differently by the shape and dimension of the confined space.

A heteroatom-doped metal-free carbon-based electrocatalyst exhibits a high oxygen reduction reaction activity in alkaline electrolyte. Liquid rechargeable Zn-air battery (ZAB) using the mf-pClNC electrocatalyst as the cathode has a good performance, and more importantly, the assembled flexible quasi-solid-state rechargeable ZAB demonstrates a high power densities and charging/discharging stability at low, room, and high temperatures.

The electronic connectivity of quasi-zero-dimensional hybrid metal halide (C₇H₁₅N₂Br)₂PbBr₄ is significantly elevated upon compression, leading to the generation and intensity enhancement of free exciton emission.

A novel network filler, composed of nanosized UiO-66−NH₂ (≈10 nm) and carboxylated PIM-1 (cPIM-1) was prepared and was introduced into PIM-1 thin film nanocomposite membranes (TFN). Unlike conventional fillers, which interact with the polymer only via the surface, the UiO-66−NH₂/cPIM-1 forms a stable three-dimensional (3D) network intertwining with the polymer chains, being very effective to impede chain relaxation and physical aging.

Low-hysteresis and high-toughness hydrogels were developed through controllable interactions of porous cationic polymers (PCPs) with adjustable counteranions. This strategy reduces chain segment slippage under load, endowing the PCP-based hydrogels (PCP-gels) with good elasticity under large deformations (7 % hysteresis at a strain ratio of 40).

Cerium oxide nanosheets with abundant strain-V_O defects were anchored on Au hollow nanomushroom through atomically sharp interfaces to construct a novel semiconductor/plasmonic metal hollow nanomushroom-like heterostructure (cerium oxide-AD/Au) for N₂ photofixation. Benefitting from judicious structural and defect engineering, the cerium oxide-AD/Au exhibit great nitrogen photofixation performance with a SCC efficiency of 0.1 %.

The rearrangement of isopropyl-containing nitrogen-containing compounds allows the skeletal reorganization to cyclic and elongated functionalized systems. An unprecedented tandem C−N bond cleavage / C−C and C−N bond formation through the generation of a dication is shown.

In situ carbon transformation (from C₂O₄²⁻ to CO₃²⁻) not only facilitates the generation of active sites but also defends the key active oxyhydroxides against surface chlorine chemistry during oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline seawater. Moreover, NiFe oxalates on Ni foam ((NiFe)C₂O₄/NF) outperforms reported catalysts by achieving 600-h operation at 1 A cm⁻² with minimal potential losses.

Through confining carboxyl dimer association into carbonized polymer dots, its red room temperature phosphorescence was observed, which provides a brand-new non-conjugated red phosphorescence unit. By hydrochloric acid inhibiting the dissociation of carboxyl groups and promoting the formation of carboxyl dimer association, we realized the fine-tuning of phosphorescence color from yellow to green to orange to green.

Anchoring of metal complexes on an atomically precise Au₂₅ nanocluster (NC) via a ligand exchange reaction provides an efficient electron-transfer pathway to improve the CO₂ reduction activity and selectivity to CO in a wide potential range. Upon illumination, the current density could further be enhanced, and the hybrid system improves the stability of Au NCs by removing the excitation from the Au NCs under light.

A thermally activated twisted-folded (T-F) form of bisquinodimethane with a dithiin skeleton (SS-BQD) undergoes a facile apparent 2e-transfer (trigger). Furthermore, in the resulting dication, the steric repulsion and interelectrophore interaction cause a facile and rapid change in the structure from the as-generated T²⁺-F form to the T²⁺-T form (domino), which facilitates the subsequent oxidation to the tetracation (domino).

Using in situ atomic force microscopy, laser confocal microscopy-differential interference contrast microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, we explored the electrode/electrolyte interfacial evolution in Li–CO₂ batteries. The results indicate that the laser alters the reaction pathways of the CO₂ reduction processes, which changes the morphological evolution of the discharge products at the interfaces, and in turn, affects the cell performance.

The radical copolymerzation of benzyl vinyl ether (BnVE; A) with the highly electron-deficient acrylate monomer pentafluorophenylacrylate (PFA; B) progressed with unique backward isomerization to the penultimate BnVE unit. The isomerization caused the umpolung of the growing species, leading to a periodic consumption in the order AAB, and consequently the copolymer resulting after post-polymerization modification (PPM) was degradable under acidic conditions.

A simple substrate design allows site-specific activation of cyclic ketones for olefination reaction of aromatic carbonyl compounds.

Skeleton engineering was used to form covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with diarylamine derivatives and ionized skeletons, thus overcoming the weak binding ability of Au ions, giving gold adsorbents with high selectivity and uptakes. Experiments and theoretical calculations show that the transition of binding sites from C=N bonds to ionic amine sites, thereby avoiding the protonation process, contributed to enhanced absorbing kinetics.

Relativistic density functional calculations for the cuboidal phase transition show that small effects such as dispersion interactions and phonon contributions can tip the balance between the body-centered and face-centered cubic structures shedding light into the difference between the Groups 1 and 11 elements in the Periodic Table.

The successful acquisition of “core–shell” structural protein nanocrystals that undergo ultrafast cross-linking behavior in response to pH levels above 7.6 illustrate the concept of a protein conformation proton transistor. This pH-responsive cross-linking can be conveniently achieved under near physiological conditions, highlighting the great potential in biomedicine, biosensing, and microfluidic chemistry.

This report shows that methyltransferase-mediated fluoromethylation can activate small and large carboxylate substrates for conjugation to thiols, hydrazine, hydroxylamine or amines. This methodology to produce anhydrides offers an alternative to the much more common ATP-dependent processes observed in nature and utilized in biocatalysis.

Imine-BF₃ complexes derived from alicyclic amines represent novel building blocks that are readily prepared in a single synthetic operation. These complexes engage with a wide range of organometallic nucleophiles to afford α-functionalized azacycles, typically under non-cryogenic conditions. The in situ preparation of imine-BF₃ complexes provides access to α-functionalized morpholines and piperazines directly from their parent amines.

Magnetic circular dichroism gives access to the geometry and interactions leading to the supramolecular structure of a thin film of an organic chiral molecule. The technique presented here may be applied to elucidate the structures of aggregates of organic compounds.

A rational design strategy for high energy level and long-lived triplet charge transfer (³CT)-featured single-molecule phosphorescence materials was proposed. Through this strategy, a robust phosphor, NIC-DMAC, was constructed with a long lifetime (τ³_CT) exceeding 210 ms and a ³CT energy level (E³_CT) as high as 2.50 eV. Thanks to its long-lived ³CT state and high E³_CT, NIC-DMAC was successfully applied in photolithography as a photoinitiator and achieved double patterning.

A mechanochemical, solvent-free protocol for Tsuji–Trost allylation of O-, N-, and C-Nucleophiles using nontoxic, solid allyl trimethylammonium chloride as alternative allylating agent is presented. This method features fast reaction kinetics, very low catalyst loadings, high yields, mild conditions, and high functional group tolerance. Its potential for late-stage modifications of bioactive compounds is demonstrated through multiple examples.

A palladium-catalyzed enantioselective desymmetrizative coupling of prochiral 7-azabenzonorbornadienes with readily available alkynylanilines afforded dihydronaphthalenes via concomitant generation of three covalent bonds. The methods also allows to build two stereocenters and an indole motif in a highly diastereo- and enantioselective as well as atom-economic manner.

The first total synthesis and full stereochemical assignment of (+)-discorhabdin V was accomplished through a highly convergent strategy enabled by scalable access to the two key components. This highly selective asymmetric approach to nitrogen-bridged discorhabdins lays the foundation for access to this class of natural products.

A copper(I)-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of ketones with 2-aza-1,4-dienes (N-allyl-1,1-diphenylmethanimines) is disclosed, which affords a series of functionalized homoallyl tertiary alcohols in high to excellent enantioselectivity.

The relationship between the aggregation of 4,7-bis(thiophen-2-yl) benzothiadiazole (TBT)-based conjugated trimers and their photocatalytic activity was systematically investigated by methyl side-chain engineering. TBT-3 with the smallest size of aggregates and highest crystallinity exhibit the highest photocatalytic H₂ evolution activity, which is due to the shorter charge carrier transport distance and solid long-range order.

Coordination-driven self-assembly has been used to create a giant orthobicupola and an intertwined “A-type cube”. The concept of generating intricate structures through the use of flexibility in the form of an elongated, flexible terphenyl-based tetratopic ligand (L2) in combination with a cis-blocked Pd(II) metal counterpart led to the formation of this uncommon water-soluble intertwined “A-type” cube.

To avoid false-positive diagnoses caused by a single disease biomarker, a two-photon fluorescence probe which is turned on sequentially by γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and HBrO was designed to predict early atherosclerotic plaques. The voltage-gated chloride channel (CLC-1)-HBrO-catalase (CAT)-GGT signaling pathway was confirmed at the cellular level, demonstrating that both GGT and HBrO can be applied as biomarkers of atherosclerosis.

The indane polyketides indidenes A and C were synthesized from a common intermediate through nickel-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling, respectively. The common diol intermediate was obtained by palladium-catalyzed methylene C−H arylation, which was performed in both racemic and enantioselective modes. This study led to the revision of the absolute configuration of indidene C.

Pd-catalyzed reaction of 4-methylenealkanoic acid derivatives with Selectfluor provides fluorolactones via a sequence of 5-exo-trig oxypalladation, Pd oxidation, regioselective ring-enlarging 1,2-alkyl/Pd(IV) dyotropic rearrangement and C−F bond-forming reductive elimination.