Dieser Minireview fasst die frühen Entdeckungen von Diazoalkenen (R₂C=C=N₂) in der organischen Synthese und die jüngsten Entdeckungen von raumtemperaturstabilen Diazoalkenen zusammen. Die Synthese, Eigenschaften und die Reaktivität dieser neuen Molekülklasse werden vorgestellt und ihre Verwendung in der organischen Synthese, sowie in der Hauptgruppen- und Übergangsmetallchemie analysiert.

Protein labeling is a cornerstone of fluorescence microscopy. This is achieved using covalent or high-affinity target labels, which leads to a loss in fluorescence signal with time. Here, we highlight the new avenue of using reversible fluorophore labels, which exhibit a low binding affinity to their target and constantly “renew” the fluorescence signal. This enables novel biophysical applications across imaging platforms.

This review offers a detailed overview of the porous electrode materials utilized in CDI and mCDI for water desalination. While being an efficient and energy economical process, CDI and mCDI face certain challenges concerning their relatively low salt removal capacity and parasitic reactions. To address these issues, this review discusses various cell architectures, electrode materials, and the use of standard experimental parameters that aim to enhance desalination performance.

We systematically summarize the ferroptosis detection approaches for subcellular organelles, biological events, and chemical markers, providing a multi-scale perspective on the regulation of the molecular machinery of ferroptosis. Moreover, we highlight the potential of advanced applications that integrate ferroptosis detection techniques with multifunctional platforms. The development of these applications holds great promise in promoting the transition of ferroptosis research from bench to bedside.

Die Amplituden der Bewegungen extrahiert aus der MD-Simulation zeigen deutliche Unterschiede zwischen inaktiven Apo- (links) und aktiven Ghrelin-gebundenen GHSR (rechts). Die reduzierte Dynamik der Histidine H258^6.30 und H280^6.52 durch Ghrelin-Bindung verschiebt die NMR-Signale, während für H186^ECL2 geringere dynamische Veränderungen zu einer geringeren Änderung der chemischen Verschiebung führt.

Der poröse Graphen-Nanostreifen pGNS wurde als erster seiner Art durch nasschemische bottom-up Synthese erhalten. Schlüssel zu dieser Struktur ist ein rational entworfenes und atomgenau synthetisiertes Polyphenylen, welches die hexagonalen Nanoporen bereits als Strukturelement enthält, was pGNS mit einem vollständig konjugierten aromatischen Kern und präzise eingebetteten Nanoporen zugänglich machte. pGNS zeigt eine erhöhte Bandlücke sowie eine erhöhte lösungsvermittelte Prozessierbarkeit gegenüber ähnlichen nicht porösen Graphen-Nanostreifen

Durch Knoevenagel-Polykondensation wurde erstmals ein kristallines, planares und vollständig thiophenbasiertes zweidimensionales Poly(arylenvinylen) entwickelt, welches eine schmale optische Bandlücke und effiziente π-Delokalisierung für einen bandartigen Transport und eine hohe Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit aufweist.

Kontrollierte, potentialgetriebene und K⁺-Kationen-unterstützte reversible elektrochemische Abscheidung von molekularen Vanadiumoxid-Clustern als neuer Ansatz für die Speicherung mehrerer Elektronen.

Eine neue Strategie zur Steigerung der Enantioselektivität in der Halogenbrückenbindungs-Katalyse als primärer Prozess wird vorgestellt. Feinjustierte Multiple Halogen–Halogen-Interaktionen zwischen dem Substrat und dem Halogenbrücken (XB)-Donor Katalysator, sowohl über die Elektronenwolke (Lewis basische Stelle) als auch über die sigma (σ)-Loch Stelle der eingebauten Halogen-Substituenten, ermöglichen Enantioselektivitäten von bis zu 90 % ee in beispielhaften anionenbindungskatalysierten Dearomatisierungsreaktionen.

Our study presents a hierarchical strategy using in vivo cross-linking mass spectrometry to decode dynamic protein conformations within cells. By integrating prior structural information and utilizing diverse structure calculation algorithms, we accurately characterize dynamic conformations of multi-domain proteins and intrinsically disordered proteins. This comprehensive approach enhances our understanding of molecular mechanisms that drive protein functions within cellular environments.

Although opioids have been used in the treatment of pain for centuries, they cause various adverse effects and addiction. Recently, kratom alkaloids emerged as promising analgesic alternatives for pain management with considerably fewer side effects. The first scalable total synthesis of mitragynine pseudoindoxyl, the most potent atypical opioid kratom metabolite, is now reported, as well as the discovery of its structural plasticity.

Owing to the integration of soft porosity and electrical properties, conductive-on-insulating metal–organic framework (cMOF-on-iMOF) heterostructured nanocrystals (with the semiconductive soft porous interfaces) show enhanced selective sorption toward CO₂, electrical gating, and “shape memory” effects for the guest responsive iMOF core, as revealed by operando synchrotron measurements.

Highly efficient electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to CO is achieved by Ag nanodomains loaded on ZnO porous nanobelts coupled with high electronic conductivity MXene (Ag−ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x). The unique Ti₃C₂T_x-regulated Ag−ZnO interfaces can modulate the formation and configuration of *CO intermediates (eg. linear- or bridge-bonded CO), which is suitable for highly selective and efficient electrochemical CO₂ reduction (eCO₂R).

Ni-catalyzed hydroxylarylation of alkenes has been realized with highly efficient and excellent regioselectivity employing molecular oxygen as the oxidant and hydroxyl source. This reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope and incredible heterocycle compatibility, providing a variety of β-hydroxylamides, γ-hydroxylamides, β-aminoalcohols, γ-aminoalcohols, and 1,3-diols in high yields.

We report on a study of copper-catalyzed alkylation of internal allylic carbonates using functionalized alkyl and aryl Grignard reagents. The reactions exhibit good regioselectivity for either S_N2 or S_N2′ products, enabling the preparation of products with E-alkene selectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the origins of the regioselectivity based on the different behaviors of homo- and heterocuprates.

Cross-polarization approaches to enhance ¹H→¹⁵N magnetization transfer processes involving labile protons are explored, which are capable of covering the large frequency ranges required to tackle such systems. Strategies based on both phase and frequency-modulated ¹H waveforms are proposed, and their superior performance experimentally verified.

Two asymmetric acceptors, BTP-Cl and BTP-2Cl, were developed to study the relationship between the energy loss mechanism and molecular structure. The results demonstrate that the decreased surface electrostatic potential difference between asymmetric acceptor and donor reduces the charge transfer state ratio, thereby suppressing the non-radiative recombination energy loss.

The millisecond kinetic evolution of the ordered structure formation upon the complexation of ionisable lipid (SM-102), a novel structural-forming helper lipid (monoolein, MO) and nucleic acids (e.g., mRNA) are quantitatively investigated using in situ time-resolved small angle X-ray scattering coupled with rapid flow mixing, which will help deciphering the optimal ionisable lipid nanoparticle nanostructures for efficient gene delivery.

A hybrid pattern strategy is proposed, and a proof-of-concept multiple resonance emitter containing four boron atoms and six nitrogen atoms, namely, B4N6-Me, is designed. B4N6-Me realizes narrowband orange-red emission with an extremely narrow full width at half maximum of 19 nm (energy unit: 70 meV) and delivers state-of-the-art device performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 35.8 %.

A strategy for constructing a supported catalyst featuring immobilization-enhanced proton tolerance for the synthesis of colorless ULMW CO₂-polyols is proposed. The key design feature lies in the loading of aluminum aminoporphyrins on swellable Merrifield resin to afford the multiple cooperativity of porphyrins in the supported catalysts.

We present a supramolecular strategy for electrochemical nitrate reduction by augmenting porosity and electrochemically active sites as well as facilitating catalyst-substrate interactions. The resulting 3D architecture enables selective ammonia production in water with greater than 90 % Faradaic efficiency and turnover numbers exceeding 200,000, representing a 15-fold increase in activity and higher catalytic stability over its 2D counterpart.

We developed a biomimetic DNA nanomachine inspired by the natural PIEZO channel. This nanomachine incorporates multifunctional molecular components onto DNA frameworks, allowing for the in situ measurement of membrane tension and membrane curvatures in real time, which opens up new avenues for studying cellular membrane dynamics.

The hydrogen atoms of a covalent organic framework on the framework and guest molecules were located using cryo-3D electron diffraction for the first time. The host–guest interactions in the framework material were clarified by locating the hydrogen atoms.

1D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of human serum show two characteristic signals originating from acute phase glycoprotein glycans, termed GlycA and B. We have unambiguously assigned them to Neu5Ac and GlcNAc moieties from N-glycans, respectively. They can be used for the simultaneous quantification of several acute phase inflammation proteins in 10–20 min. The method is illustrated with serum samples from COVID-19 patients.

K plating/stripping in potassium metal battery is regulated via interfacial chemistry engineering of commercial polyolefin-based separator using multiple functional units integrated in tailored metal organic framework (MOF). These functional units in the separator offer high elastic modulus, facilitate the dissociation of potassium salt, improve the K⁺ transfer number and homogenize the K⁺ flux at the electrode/electrolyte interface.

A simple and cost-effective approach to accessing giant molecule acceptors is presented, employing a Lewis acid-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation (or its silyl-mediated version). Notably, this new approach significantly expands the range of substrates that enables the use of readily available diboronated linkers. This methodology also offers a modular and robust synthesis of tailor-made donor-acceptors for a wide range of emerging technologies.

An earth-abundant transition-metal copper catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated pentanones affording the corresponding chiral exocyclic allylic pentanols in up to 99 % yield and 96 % ee (enantiomeric excess) is reported. Mechanistic studies indicate that only the C=O bond is chemoselectively reduced and the reaction is promoted via the multiple attractive dispersion interactions between the Cu catalyst and substrate.

An optical thermometer was obtained by the dehydration of a cyanido-bridged Tb^III−Co^III framework. By this transformation, the Tb^III centers change geometry to high-symmetry trigonal prismatic. This also induces a strong magnetic anisotropy providing single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior with an energy barrier of 594(18) cm⁻¹ and a wide temperature overlap with optical thermometry.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a pathogenic bacterium associated with many poor human health conditions, such as gum disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and colorectal cancer. An RNA-cleaving DNAzyme, RFD-FN1, was isolated through in vitro selection to selectively recognize a heat stable biomarker of this bacterium, establishing the opportunity to develop diagnostic platforms for this pathogen.

A highly emissive terbium(III) MOF exhibits excellent sensing properties with exceptionally low detection limits towards iron(III), ofloxacin and gossypol in water. A novel anti-counterfeiting QR-coding Scheme based on unique and tunable emission spectra of Ln-MOFs was designed.

A Cu-CTU-based photosensitizing covalent metal–organic framework (JNM-20) was constructed. The MOF possessed broadband light absorption, excellent photoinduced charge-separation efficiency, and photochemical properties, allowing the production of primary alcohols from terminal alkenes and alkynes with excellent anti-Markovnikov selectivity, good overall yields, broad substrate compatibility, and good reusability via tandem catalysis.

An unprecedented sulfonium salt is presented, which under mild photochemical conditions, is able to transfer pentafluorocyclo-propenyl groups (C₃F₅−) at unfunctionalized positions of a number of (hetero)arenes. The reaction is compatible with a variety of functional groups, rendering this method a practical tool for future drug optimization campaigns.

Saddle-shaped nanographenes containing N-doped Stone-Thrower-Wales topological defects have been synthesized that possess much narrower energy gaps than similar-sized N-doped nanographenes with six-membered rings. This work indicates that the introduction of non-alternant topologies is an efficient way to narrow the energy gap without extending the molecular size.

Copolymerization of a vinyl telluride and butyl acrylate (BA) using organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP) under emulsion conditions afforded structurally controlled hyperbranched poly(butyl acrylate)s (HBPBAs) as polymer particles dispersed in water. Various block copolymers consisting of different topologies were successfully synthesized using macro-TERP CTA with linear and HB structures.

A stable circumpentacene derivative was successfully synthesized and isolated in crystalline form. X-ray analysis, NMR and theoretical calculations revealed that it shows an open-shell diradical character and a dominant local aromatic character. The electronic structures of its dication and dianion were also studied.

PEO-based electrolytes suffer from huge interfacial resistance, poor Li⁺ transport, and Li dendrite formation in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) operating at around room-temperature. This work proposes the regulation of the Li⁺ solvation environment through halogen-bonding interaction and highlights the importance of “weak solvation” of Li⁺ in solid electrolytes for room temperature ASSLMBs.

A dual magneto-optical thermometer is demonstrated using a high-performance single-molecule magnet. A multiparametric approach based on the independent magneto-optical readouts makes possible a 10-fold improvement in the relative thermal sensitivity of the thermometer, allowing the limitations inherent to Boltzmann thermometers to be overcome.

The synthesis of a robust, efficient, and reusable metal–organic framework (MOF) catalyst is described. Adaptive generation and stabilization of solution-inaccessible dinickel active sites, (bpy^.−)Ni^II(μ₂-H)₂Ni^II(bpy^.−) (bipyridine (bpy)), on MOF-253 yield a catalyst that efficiently semihydrogenates alkynes to afford (Z)-stilbenes and selectively hydrogenates C=C bonds in α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones.

Programmable amine synthesis is realized through sequential insertion of nitrogen and carbon atoms into boronate C−B bonds. This strategy is enabled by a new nitrenoid reagent, which allows for direct formation of aminoboranes from aryl or alkyl boronates via N-insertion.

By examining liquid electrolytes that are more redox-inert at low temperatures, we postulate that the solvation energy of OH⁻ and H⁺ also plays an essential role in water's electrolytic properties. This insight reshapes the current understanding of the water stability window and may guide the development of next-generation aqueous batteries for broader applications, providing affordable and clean energy to society in the future.

An integrated cathode/ultrathin polymer electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries was constructed driven by multiple dynamic bonds in a dynamic supramolecular ionic conductive elastomer (DSICE), thus achieving minimum thickness of pure polymer electrolyte and maximum compatibility of the solid electrolyte-electrodes interface at the molecular level. The well-constructed cells present superior cycling stability, excellent flexibility and safety.

A hydroxyl polymer PTFHQ has been designed to obtain electrochemical activity through an in situ electrochemical activation process. The synergistic effects of the different functional groups (C=O, −OH, and −S−) and the unique Z-folded structure of the activated PTFHQ effectively improve its electrochemical activity and contribute to the rapid reaction kinetics, realizing the construction of high-performance zinc-organic batteries.

An electrochemically grafted pyrene oligomer is deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO), under a varied-thickness permalloy, to study broadband spintronics. High spin-mixing conductance and linewidth broadening reveal that pyrene can be an attractive nonmagnetic element for efficient spin-pumping at room temperature, a striking alternative to conventional but expensive heavy metals.

15 double perovskite derived halides A₂BBiX₆ are reported here, composed of organic cationic ligand A, forming diverse novel structures varying in dimensionalities. Various combinations of A, B and X creates new structural types and tunable optical properties, where two-thirds of these phases are non-centrosymmetric and second-harmonic generation active.

A closed-shell quinoidal backbone has been used to develop self-doped n-type conductive molecules (QnNs) with high electrical conductivities and good air stability. Intermolecular electron transfer from the amino groups to the quinoidal backbone was found to result in the self-doping. Applying the QnNs as the cathode interlayer (CIL) in organic solar cells led to an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 18.2 %.

The oxynitride SrAl₂Si₃ON₆:Eu²⁺ derived from the nitride SrAlSi₄N₇:Eu²⁺ is not only accessible by facile synthesis from air-stable raw materials SrCO₃, AlN and Si₃N₄ but also achieves zero-thermal quenching, due to oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the SrAl₂Si₃ON₆:Eu²⁺ phosphor shows high chemical stabilities against heat and water immersion.

The combination of the Soret effect of protons and the classical proton-coupled electron transfer of benzoquinone (BQ) and hydroquinone (H₂Q) in hydrogels results in overall and giant thermoelectric performance in terms of the thermopower, ionic conductivity, power factor, ionic Figure of merit. Above all, an energy-storage function is achieved by the BQ and H₂Q redox couple after the removal of temperature difference.

Manganese(I) complexes bearing simple, non-bifunctional bis(NHC) ligands were investigated as hydrogenation catalysts. Applying these complexes with KHBEt₃ as additive, various carboxylic acid esters and, additionally, ketones, nitriles, N-heteroarenes and alkenes were successfully hydrogenated. Mechanistic investigations by control experiments and DFT calculations indicate an inner-sphere mechanism and reveal the role of BEt₃ as cocatalyst.

A bulk-phase reconstruction strategy is proposed and applied to commercial zinc foil anodes, which affords continuous protection on the reconstructed anode from dendrite growth and corrosion and evades surface damage induced by inhomogeneous stripping in aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

Introducing two remote functional groups into rings via chain-walking represents a new strategy to efficiently access multi-substituted saturated cyclic compounds. We report an unprecedented 1,3-cis-carboboration of cyclohexenes by nickel catalysis. The application of LiOMe as base plays a crucial role in the success of this reaction.

A cobalt-catalyzed reaction has been developed, which proceeds via hydrogen atom transfer and radical-polar crossover steps, to form a phenonium ion under non-acidic conditions. This cationic intermediate can be regioselectively fluorinated by a tetrafluoroborate anion to give 1,2-aryl migrated products. Evaluation of distinctly substituted phenonium ion intermediates demonstrated the constraints for good reactivity and high selectivity.

Herein, an oxygen atom deletion strategy via sequential Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative carbonylation of carbonates and carbamates to afford esters and amides is reported. Operating under low pressures (near stoichiometric or substoichiometric), either ¹³C labeled products are accessed or a proof-of-concept that CO₂ formed upon decarboxylation can be reduced in situ and reincorporated as CO is shown.

Nano-luminescent metal–organic frameworks (LMOFs), with precise size control and emission colors from blue to near-infrared, were prepared using 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and its derivative based ditopic- and tetratopic carboxylic acids as the emission sources. The nano-LMOFs exhibit turn-off and turn-on responses for highly selective and sensitive detection of tryptophan over nineteen other natural amino acids.

An ensemble consisting of the solid form of the tetrathiafulvalene radical cation and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide showed rapid and reversible changes in short-wave infrared light (>1000 nm) transparency upon weak external stimulation. This behavior originated from the conversion of the association structures of the radical cation from columnar arrangements of π-dimers into isolated π-dimers.

LanD flavoproteins catalyze oxidative decarboxylation of the C-terminal Cys residue of a peptide to produce a reactive enethiol. This enzyme activity can couple with radical S-adenosylmethionine chemistry to provide a new unsaturated thioether residue, S-[2-aminovinyl]-3-carbamoylcysteine, by conjugation of the enethiol with Cβ of the Asn residue in the C-terminal NxxC motif of a peptide for macrocyclization.

Unique atomic Ni(Co)−Ru−P interfacial sites on a matrix of NiCoP nanowire arrays were designed as highly active and stable catalysts for alkaline hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A self-powered H₂ production system utilizing an overall hydrazine splitting device driven by a direct hydrazine fuel cell achieved a promising rate of 24.0 mol h⁻¹ m⁻².

Electrochemical manipulation of the water dynamics within the nanochannels of the multilayered Ti₃C₂T_x membrane enables the on/off switching of glucose transport.

Paramagnetic lanthanide metal–organic framework (Ln-MOF) crystals show unexpected compass-like alignments at low fields (~mT). The magnetic alignments originate from the symmetry-related summation of Ln-ions’ molecular anisotropy, among which the perpendicular, parallel, and inclined alignments can be manipulated and switched by crystal structures and chemical environments.

Computational modelling was employed to rationally guide protein engineering toward controlling the accessible conformations of a key lactone-carbene (LAC) intermediate in the enzyme active site by installing a new H-bond anchoring point. This H-bonding interaction controls the relative orientation of the fleeting carbene intermediate, orienting it for an enantioselective N-nucleophilic attack by the amine substrate.

“Macro-rotaxanes” which consist of high-molecular-weight axle and wheel components were constructed by in situ cross-linking of linear polymers in the presence of multicyclic polymers. Extending the concept of topological trapping to multicyclic showed that multicyclic polymers with more cyclic units and larger ring sizes can be quantitatively trapped, with up to 50 wt % successfully topologically trapped as macro-rotaxanes.

Zeitaufgelöste Emission und ultraschnelle Infrarotspektroskopie wurden kombiniert um die ersten Schlüsselschritte eines preiswerten, ungiftigen und hocheffizienten Titan(IV)-basierten Photoredox-Katalysezyklus in Echtzeit zu beobachten.

Eine Reaktionssequenz zur Transformation von Aldehyden in Arene, die über ein Fulven und ein Dewar-Benzol-Derivat als Zwischenprodukte verläuft, wurde entworfen und mit theoretischen Berechnungen untersucht. Die Bestrahlung verschiedener Fulvene führt zu einer ungewöhnlichen Photoisomerisierung, bei der Spiro[2.4]-heptadiene gebildet werden.

Effiziente Protokolle für die gerichtete Evolution von nichtribosomalen Peptidsynthetasen sind erforderlich, um die Strukturen von antibiotischen Peptiden zur Bekämpfung von antimikrobiellen Resistenzen anzupassen. In dieser Studie wurde ein leicht reproduzierbares Protokoll für gerichtete Evolution verwendet, um die Synthetase für das antibiotische Peptid Gramicidin S umzuprogrammieren. Nur wenige Mutationen reichten aus, um den ungewöhnlichen Baustein Piperazinsäure anstelle von Prolin mit perfekter Spezifität einzubauen.

Tetrylidine mit einer Dreifachbindung zwischen Cobalt und Zinn oder Blei wurden durch eine Substitutionsreaktion zwischen dem anionischen Cobaltkomplex [Co(PMe₃)₄]⁻ und Zinn- und Bleihalogeniden synthetisiert. Das Cobalt-Stannylidin addiert zwei Äquivalente Wasser unter Bildung einer Cobaltdihydrideinheit und einer Zinndihydroxideinheit. In Reaktion mit Kohlendioxid bildet das Stannylidin einen Cobaltcarbonylkomplex mit einem am Zinnatom koordinierten Carbonatliganden.

Es wird eine hochregioselektive, einstufige Dehydrierung von α-substituierten cyclischen Ketonen in Gegenwart von 2,3-Dichlorbenzo-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzochinon beschrieben. Die Reaktion verläuft über Enolkatalyse auf Phosphorsäurebasis ab und ermöglicht den Zugang zu diversen α-Aryl- und α-Alkyl-substituierten α,β-ungesättigten Ketonen.

Tetraazacoronene wurden ausgehend von bay-funktionalisierten Tetraazaperylenen durch Zr-vermittelte Zyklisierung und vierfache Suzuki–Miyaura Kreuzkupplung synthetisiert. Letzteres führte nicht nur zur Tetraazacoronen-Zielverbindung, sondern auch zu dem korrespondierenden kondensierten Dimer und höheren Oligomeren.

By ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations we show that the CeO₂(100) surface, despite its strongly hydrophilic nature, exhibits hydrophobic behaviour when immersed in water. This effect is induced by the first water layer that is in immediate contact with the hydroxylated CeO₂(100) surface, and it is manifested by a measurable water contact angle and a considerable diffusion enhancement of the confined liquid water as compared with bulk water.

Bis-alkylureido-imidazoles have been used to construct artificial water channels presenting increased water transport and lower H⁺ translocation activities than monosubstituted I-quartets across lipid bilayers. These studies shed light on potential mechanisms of biological proton/water translocation and inspire novel designs for engineering artificial water channels membranes.

A cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (cis-DACH) Ti salalen complex (R=NO₂) was shown to efficiently catalyze enantioselective benzylic hydroxylations with H₂O₂ as oxidant. Tetralin and indane derivatives are converted to benzylic alcohols with up to 98 % ee. The overoxidation to ketone is negligible. Epoxidation reactions are similarly effective, with 1-decene being converted to its epoxide in 90 % yield and 94 % ee, at 0.1 mol% catalyst loading.

A designed transient Lewis pair interaction was found to be the key to facilitate the racemization of 8-arylquinoline-2-formaldehydes and enable an iridium-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution, accomplished via atroposelective allylation by transfer hydrogenative coupling.

This study introduces a diketopiperazine-based foldamer design that maintains its conformation in challenging environments, making it a promising platform for future therapeutic applications. The conformation is enforced by juxtaposition of dipolar repulsion and torsional strain interactions. The foldamers show dynamic switching capabilities, responding to external stimuli and paving the way for new applications in mimicking biological systems.

A gold-catalyzed cascade cyclization of naphthalene-tethered allenynes gave 4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene (CPP) derivatives. The reaction proceeds through the nucleophilic reaction of an alkyne with the activated allene to generate a vinyl cation intermediate followed by arylation. Selective formation of CPP and dibenzofluorene derivatives using aryl-substituted substrates, depending on the reaction conditions, is also presented.

Surface-bound hydrogen has been shown to improve chemical reactivity and selectivity in gold clusters. However, the chemical properties and reactivity of these hydrogen atoms is difficult to directly probe. We show for the prototypical cluster Au₉(PPh₃)₈H²⁺ that the hydrogen bonds to the cluster in a manner somewhere between a covalent bond and a particle in a box, and that it is likely to behave as a moderate acid.

The d-band center of localized CdS homojunctions has been regulated by high and low index facet control for chemically adsorbing and activating key intermediates in water overall splitting reaction. Photoexcited electrons and holes are separately transferred to reductive (002) and oxidative (110) facets within localized field to dehydrogenate *-OH and couple *-O for hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen evolution at a solar-to-H₂ efficiency of 2.20 %.

Graphdiyne as anode material in Li-ion batteries can realize effective charge transfer to induce the formation of a high number of Fe vacancies with uniform dispersion. The Fe vacancies modulate charge distribution, serve as active sites and enhance electron-ion transportation, thereby displaying robust pseudocapacitive behavior. The Fe vacancies also reduce the diffusion energy barrier and adsorption energies, leading to a superior battery performance.

Coexistence of hydrogen bonds and B←N coordination under mechanochemical conditions involving organoboron compounds is demonstrated. The mechanochemical conversion was monitored and reported by photoconversion of an alkene into a cyclobutane.

The association constants of triaryl boron- and triaryl phosphorus-derived Lewis pairs equipped with dispersion energy donors were determined at various temperatures. The extracted thermodynamic parameters were used to challenge state-of-the-art quantum mechanical methods and led to the development of an efficient workflow to calculate constants for weakly bound Lewis pairs.

A pendant-transformable bulky acrylamide monomer was designed for the synthesis of a series of isotactic poly(alkyl acrylamide)s and poly(methyl acrylate). The stereospecific radical polymerization of the special monomer was controlled under diluted condition at lower temperature. The pendant underwent subsequent quantitative aminolysis and alcoholysis post-polymerization modification.