River

This study investigates the socio-ecological impacts of the artificial course change of the Kolong River in Kahargaon village, Nagaon district. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates field observations, stakeholder interviews, community forums, and secondary data analysis to assess the river's dynamics and its effects on local livelihoods and ecosystems. Findings reveal that while flood mitigation efforts have provided immediate relief, they have also led to ecological degradation and disrupted traditional livelihoods, particularly those dependent on the river's natural flow.

Sedimentation is one of the key technical problems present throughout feasibility demonstration, design, construction, and operation of the Three Gorges Project. Since the Three Gorges Reservoir began impoundment operation in 2003, important progress has been made in sedimentation and regulation technologies through systematic research and practices. This paper reveals the asynchronous propagation pattern of flood and sediment peak inflows, sediment movement in the backwater area during drawdown period, sediment flocculation, and sediment deposition that compromises the flood control reservoir storage, and puts forward new sediment regulation techniques, including sediment peak discharge regulation during flood season, siltation reduction in the backwater area during drawdown period, dynamic adjustment of the reservoir level during flood season, and joint sediment regulation in cascade reservoirs. A real-time monitoring, forecasting and dynamic regulation platform for water and sediment inflow in the Three Gorges Reservoir was developed; a new mode of dynamic sediment regulation called “regulating sediment for greater benefits” is proposed, which addresses the constraints of sedimentation on the optimal operation of Three Gorges Reservoir. By enabling more flexible operation, this mode improves the process and pattern of sedimentation, ensures the safety of reservoir operation, and significantly augments the comprehensive benefits of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

The paper thoroughly examines the Mississippi River basin's watershed management, identifies challenges, proposes a vision, and recommends strategies for a resilient, sustainable, and equitable future. It also emphasizes innovation and outlines critical research needs.

No PFAS were detected in major Philippines rivers despite reported increases in the Asia-Pacific Region. Sampling programmes typically focus on populated regions and a small number of compounds so may present an incomplete picture of global PFAS trends in rivers.