MedComm – Oncology

By integrating RNA sequencing, CRISPR, bioinformatics, and computational models, we have deepened understanding of MicroRNA (miRNA) interactions. miRNAs regulated by ceRNAs are closely linked to cancer development. They are detectable in various samples and serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. miRNA-based therapies, combining mimics or inhibitors with conventional treatments, show promise in enhancing cancer treatment outcomes.

The noncysteine covalent inhibitors are a class of small molecule inhibitors that can bind irreversibly to their target enzymes through covalent bonding with noncysteine residues. They have shown promise as potential therapeutics for a variety of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Examples of noncysteine covalent inhibitors. The illustration emphasizes the representative noncysteine covalent inhibitors in drug discovery and development.

Fatty acids in cancer cells are derived from cellular synthesis and extracellular uptake. Fatty acids are extensively reprogrammed in cancer cells and regulate life activities, including supporting cell growth as energy, influencing cell movement as components of membrane structure, and regulating signal transduction as signaling molecules. Focusing on the role of fatty acids in tumor cells is helpful to find new strategies for tumor treatment.

During the process of metastasis, tumor cells inevitably encounter the stimulation of various oxidative stressors, resulting in the fluctuation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Epigenetic reprogramming serves as a bridge between oxidative stress and tumor metastasis. In different stages of metastasis, ROS can modulate tumor behavior by reprogramming DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA, and N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification.

Cellular senescence is intrinsically related to multiple aspects of tumor development. Oxidative stress contributes to tumor development by regulating cellular senescence. Targeting cellular senescence by modulating oxidative stress can benefit tumor management.