Mesenchymal Stem Cells

In article number 2301748, Peiyan Yuan, Songtao Shi, Xiaoxing Kou, and co-workers establish a naturally occurring apoptotic encapsulation system in apoptotic mesenchymal stem cells to efficiently generate stable nanodrug-apoVs capable of improving multiple myeloma treatment in mice.

Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

In article number 2301545, Hao Sun, Shaochun Tang, and co-workers report a novel dual-defect catalyst comprised of Co-doped FeP with P vacancies on MXene (Co_D-FeP_v@MXene), which serves as both deposition regulator and redox accelerator for Li₂S electrochemistry. The P vacancies deliver more LiPSs adsorption/active sites for accelerating Li₂S nucleation, and the Co doping produces local electric field to reduce reaction energy barrier for promoting Li₂S dissolution.

Individual Barcode Nanowires

A wide-field quantum microscope based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers is used to image the magnetic field from individual barcode magnetic nanowires made of multilayer magnetic structures such as Fe–Au and Fe–Co. The detailed analysis of magnetic images allows for the extraction of crucial magnetic properties of barcode magnetic nanowires such as magnetization and coercivity. More details can be found in article number 2304129 by Young Keun Kim, Donghun Lee, and co-workers.

Magnetic Nanoparticles

In article number 2302686, Jiurong Liu, Zhihui Zeng, and co-workers report a type of N-doped carbon nanotube encapsulated CoNi alloy nanocomposites with diverse heterostructures, which deliver excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance involving a minimum reflection loss of −84.0 dB at the thickness of 3.2 mm and a maximum effective bandwidth of 4.3 GHz.

Scientists are intrigued by the intercalation chemistry of layered hydroxides (LHs) and its impact on structure, composition, and size of LHs. One comprehensive review can be a helpful resource for scientists regarding the progress of LHs intercalated with guest anions. However, there is currently a lack of systematic information about this topic. In this review, recent developments in LHs intercalated with guest anions, including composition and structure, synthesis methods, analytical techniques, and intercalation mechanisms are summarized.

Carbon-based materials have emerged as efficient electrocatalysts for green hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) synthesis from a selective oxygen electroreduction. Here, the recent progress on carbon-based electrocatalysts for H₂O₂ electrosynthesis is summarized, focusing primarily on the fine tuning of active moieties and device design toward a high H₂O₂ selectivity and productivity.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise as drug delivery systems, especially for RNA and biologics. As the research field expands, standardization approaches are becoming increasingly important for the EV drug delivery field. This review condenses recent methods on EV drug loading under the perspective of standardization efforts in order to increase the comparability of future studies.

The performance of electrochemical random access memory (ECRAM) is heavily impacted by the electrolyte, channel, interface properties, and device architecture. A comprehensive overview of strategies is presented for regulating the analog switching characteristics and improving the performance and reliability of ECRAMs. The remaining challenges and perspectives for advanced material and device engineering for ECRAMs are also discussed.

Vascular Electrical Stimulations

Hong Li, Liming Yang, and co-workers used battery-free implants and surgically mounted them on the abdominal aorta of high-fat-fed ApoE^-/- mice, which were electrically stimulated using a wireless electrical stimulation device for four weeks to observe changes in atherosclerotic plaques. Direct vascular electrical stimulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis by reducing atherosclerotic plaque formation through the activation of Sirt1/Atg5 pathway-mediated autophagy. More details can be found in article number 2300584.

In this study, a novel approach to anti-atherosclerosis is shown. Direct vascular electrical stimulation becomes a promising therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis through Sirt1/Atg5 pathway-mediated autophagy to reduce atherosclerotic plaque formation.

Optical Lens Fabrication

In article number 2300517, Yong Chen and co-workers introduce a continuous vat photopolymerization method for optical lens production. This approach achieves nanoscale surface roughness and microscale shape accuracy. Utilizing a zooming-focused projection system, the authors continuously modify ultraviolet mask images, allowing for controlled frustum layer stacking and the elimination of staircase aliasing. This approach offers a promising strategy for 3D printing optics without post-processing.

A continuous vat photopolymerization process for optical lens fabrication is presented, utilizing frustum layer stacking to eliminate staircase aliasing. To achieve nanoscale surface roughness and microscale shape accuracy, a zooming-focused projection system is used to modify projection images continuously, enabling the generation of frustum layers with controlled slant angles. This innovative approach presents a promising strategy for high-resolution optics fabrication without post-processing.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy

In article number 2302834, Kaipei Luo, Xiaofang Li, and co-workers develop a LyP-1 and chondroitin sulfate dual-modified liposome co-loading paclitaxel and cryptotanshinone. The liposome enhances cellular uptake via p32/CD44 dual receptor-mediated endocytosis, and achieves potent triple-negative breast cancer chemoimmunotherapy through inducing immunogenic cell death and inhibiting STAT3 activation.

A LyP-1 and chondroitin sulfate dual-modified liposome co-loading paclitaxel (PTX) and cryptotanshinone (CTS) is developed. The well-designed liposome enhances cellular uptake via binding to p32/CD44 dual receptor. Anti-tumor immunogenicity can be provoked by PTX-triggered immunogenic cell death, while CTS inhibits STAT3 activation to reverse immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, achieving potent triple-negative breast cancer chemoimmunotherapy.

This study establishes a naturally occurring apoptotic encapsulation system (AES) in apoptotic mesenchymal stem cells to efficiently generate stable nanodrug-apoVs (apoptotic vesicles) capable of improving multiple myeloma treatment in mice. The experimental evidence indicates that this AES can serve as an approach to produce large-scale clinical grade nanodrug-apoVs, which can be expanded to the application in other diseases.

A double-defect engineering strategy for preparing Co-doped FeP catalyst containing P vacancies on MXene, which effectively improves the bidirectional redox of Li₂S. The results of experiments and density functional theory (DFT) confirm that P vacancy accelerates Li₂S nucleation via increased unsaturated sites, and Co doping generates local electric field to reduce the reaction energy barrier and accelerate Li₂S dissolution.

Wide-field quantum microscopy based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers is used to image single barcode magnetic nanowires in ambient condition including Fe, Co, Fe-Au, and Fe-Co nanowires. By comparing experiment images to numerical simulations, critical magnetic properties of single nanowires can be extracted such as saturation, magnetization, and coercivity. The method is relatively simple and easy to operate and, thus, provides a versatile tool for various applications based on magnetic nanostructures.

A type of N-doped carbon nanotube encapsulated CoNi alloy nanocomposites with diverse heterostructures are synthesized via the facile, sustainable autocatalytic pyrolysis, which delivers a minimum reflection loss of −84.0 dB at the thickness of 3.2 mm and a maximum effective bandwidth of 4.3 GHz at a low filling ratio of 20 wt%.

The surface engineering via building conformal FePO₄ (a-FP) skin provides long-term protection for K_0.5Ni_0.1Mn_0.9O₂ (KNMO) cathode surface, blocking irreversible interfacial reactions and maintaining the cathode integrity. Moreover, high-quality and inorganic-rich CEI film with excellent K-transport ability and the reduced transition metal dissolution in electrolyte enable breakthroughs in the cycling life of the K-based layered cathodes, reaching 2500 cycles.

Cu⁺ species are able to selectively capture unsaturated molecules due to the π-complexation, while it is easily oxidized to Cu²⁺, resulting in the loss of such an ability. This work demonstrates that a facile photo-induced strategy is effective in not only the construction of Cu⁺ sites in a metal–organic framework but also their reversible recovery from the oxidized counterparts.

Shape memory polymer (SMP) is combined with piezoelectric ceramic to develop novel 3D-printed piezoelectric ceramic-SMP composite scaffolds. A piezoelectric nanoparticle is used to improve the piezoelectric properties of the scaffolds by covalent functionalization and conductive Ag nanoparticle deposition. The piezoelectric property of scaffolds can promote bone regeneration by electrical stimulation.

DNA origami frameworks with distinguished structural properties and customized inner or outer modifications are subjected to mice to study their pharmacokinetic behavior and bio-distributions.

Investigation of phase transition and Li⁺ transport in solid electrolytes during operation is greatly important but restrained by the state-of-the-art techniques. This work reports an in-operando high-pressure nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for solid-state batteries, which can be applied for the study under true-to-life conditions. The Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂ is examined as an example, revealing the varied transport pathways and boundary phase transitions under high current.

A novel microwave absorber with orderly surface conductive networks in the yolk–shell structure is developed via the metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives. Moderate conduction together with magnetic and dielectric loss contributes to enhanced microwave absorption and attenuation properties. The minimum reflection loss is −66.39 dB, while the effective absorption bandwidth is up to 6.49 GHz.

In this study, He et al. develop a functional self-assemble silk fibroin microcapsules (SFMs) delivery system for cartilage regeneration. Heparin disaccharide is coated to SFMs by click chemistry to adsorb interleukin-4 (IL-4), lysyl oxidase plasmid DNA (LOX pDNA) is encapsulated into SFMs to promote matrix deposition and collagen cross-linking of cartilage. Results show that this delivery system significantly promotes cartilage regeneration.

Asymmetric hydrogel microactuators with dual-stimuli cooperative response have been fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) technique. The microactuator allows for the capture of polystyrene (PS) microspheres through pH and/or temperature-driven responsive behavior. The strategy proposed in this study is promising for the potential applications in the fields of microrobotics and microfluidics.

Here, a Janus dual self-strengthening structure of Bi₂O₃/Gd₂O₃ nanofibrous membranes for superior X-ray shielding is reported. The membranes demonstrate integrated features of exceptional X-ray shielding efficiency, robust interfacial adhesion, prominent flexibility, lightweight, and outstanding breathability. The design concepts pave the way for asymmetrically assembling biphasic materials, setting the stage for a fundamental shift in next-generation radiation shielding materials.

Sodium ions incorporated layered vanadyl phosphates exhibit improved structural stability and enhanced electronic conductivity, leading to a much-enhanced zinc ion storage capacity, improved intercalation kinetics as well as charge and ion transport property. More specifically, the in situ surface oxidization results in the increase of discharge capacity, and the hydrophobic surface has eliminated the dissolution of active materials.

This article establishes the mechanism of proton intercalation into MoO₃ and proposes a joint strategy combining structural modification with electrolyte regulation to enhance the cyclic stability of MoO₃ without sacrificing its capacity. In the ZnSO₄ electrolyte with Al₂(SO₄)₃ additive, TiO₂ coated oxygen deficient α-MoO₃ delivers a reversible capacity of 93.2 mA h g⁻¹ at 30 A g⁻¹ after 5000 cycles.

In situ spinterface modulation is achieved in LPCMO/P3HT/Co polymer spin valve with vertical structure through electronic phase separated (EPS) ferromagnetic (FM) electrode. The EPS states inside LPCMO will affect the spin injection efficiency at spinterface and thus change device magnetoresistance (MR), which can be used to create multiple working states in the device.

Measurement of the surface nanostructure and evolution of in situ cleaved MAPbBr₃(001) upon controlled exposure to low levels of water vapor shows that there is no onset threshold for water adsorption. The associated surface restructuring is consistent with a Volmer-Weber island growth model, with strain released through surface defect formation.

Magnetite nanoparticles are introduced into the Mg-polymer scaffold to construct a new magnetic magnesium-loaded composite scaffold, and use SMF to remotely and accurately regulate the activity of MAGT1 on the membrane of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells .

A lantern[3₃]arene based hydrogel with rather low critical gelation concentration (0.05 wt%) is constructed by acidification of the potassium salt of lantern[3₃]arene. In addition, the lantern[3₃]arene based hydrogel can be generated in situ on stainless-steel mesh, giving a super-hydrophilic and underwater super-oleophobic surface, which is used for efficient oil–water separation.

Piperazine-containing hyperbranched polysiloxane are successfully fabricated, which exhibits the blue and green fluorescence irradiated by different excitation wavelength with a high QY of 20.9%. The through-space congugation within the clusters of N and O atoms is produced via the induction of multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds and flexible SiO units, which is root of the fluorescence.

π-conjugated (S₂)²⁻ units are introduced into AgGaS₂-like (AGS-like) salt-inclusion chalcogenide (SIC), which result in the synthesis of the first disulfide-bond-containing SIC, [Ba₄(S₂)][ZnGa₄S₁₀]. It realizes a perfect balance among three critical optical properties (E_g = 3.39 eV, d_ij = 0.9 × AGS, Δn = 0.053@1064 nm) indicating [Ba₄(S₂)][ZnGa₄S₁₀] is a promising IR NLO crystal.

This work presents a method to regulate carrier transport in a graphene transparent electrode matrix using an insulating polyethyleneimine layer, enabling the fabrication of high-efficiency inverted organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and inch-size flexible active-matrix OLED displays.

Rapid transports in large pores and capillary (Gibbs–Thomson) effects in nanoscale pores empower hierarchical metal foam in a high-loading, durable Zn flow battery

Generating stable active sites can improve the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. CeO₂/CuS catalysts perform a Faradaic efficiency of 75.2% for the C₂₊ products and a total current density of 160 mA cm⁻² in a flow cell. CeO₂ can effectively stabilize the Cu⁺ species due to its facile redox cycle (Ce⁴⁺ ↔ Ce³⁺), thus facilitate CC coupling and formation of ^*COCHO.

Uncompleted solvent-assisted complexation effects are found to cause disordered crystallization and phase segregation in mixed halide perovskite film. By introducing the zwitterionic molecule aminoethanesulfonic acid into the precursor, a uniform film with much-improved phase stability can be realized. A new performance record of 19.66% is obtained for wide-bandgap (1.77 eV) p-i-n devices.

A high-performance, light-controlled healable, and closed-loop recyclable covalent adaptable lignin-based polyurethane Zn²⁺ coordination networks (LPUxZy) are successfully prepared. The photoconversion efficiency is significantly improved, especially after coordination with Zn²⁺. LPUs are able to be self-heal photothermally. The LPUs have broad application potentials as recyclable and healable stimuli-responsive elastomers.

This study employs MOFs as a new platform to construct highly-ordered mesoporous Ce-based oxides by developing a facile mesopore-inherited pyrolysis-oxidation strategy. The optimized Zr-doped OM-CeO₂ can efficiently catalyze the cycloaddition of epichlorohydrin with CO₂ under ambient conditions, achieving above 16 times higher catalytic activity than its solid CeO₂ counterpart for this reaction.

The electrocatalysts with noble metallic (Cu, Ag, and Au) active sites embedded in metal–organic hybrids (MOHs) for high-performance CO₂RR have been explored by first-principles calculations. The relationship between single-atom catalysts (SACs) and dual-atom catalysts (DACs) is revealed, showing both competition and cooperation between SAC and DAC sites, which paves the way for the future design of CO₂RR electrocatalysts.

The void volume fraction (VVF) of granular scaffolds is challenging to measure accurately. 3D simlulated scaffolds are used to study VVF, and with access to a ground truth, the work reveals relationships between VVF and a number of factors. For real microscope images, user preference for software, magnification, and threshold parameters has significant influence on the final reported VVF.

Herein, the hierarchical three-layer Cu₂S@NC@MoS₃ heterostructures have been well designed via a multi-step strategy. Due to the cooperative effect of three components, the Cu₂S@NC@MoS₃ heterostructures with dual heterogenous interfaces as the new anode materials for sodium ion batteries exhibit superior cycling stability and rate performance.

With a strong electron coupling between the terthiophene groups, Au atoms, and the oxygen atoms at the heterogeneous interface, a significant electron injection from PF3T to TiO₂ occurs leading to a quantum leap in the H₂ production yield (18 578 µmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹) by ≈39% as compared to that of the composite without Au decoration (PF3T@TiO₂, 11 321 µmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹).

Silicon holds great potential for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). Through a novel correlative electrochemical multi-microscopy approach, the role of the native oxide layer on silicon electrochemistry is revealed. Removing this interfacial layer leads to spatially uneven activity, weaker surface passivation by the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), and poorer lithiation reversibility due to increased lithium trapping.

This paper provides a strategy for synthesis of platinum-neodymium (Pt-Nd) nanoalloys through molten-salt electrochemical deoxidation of platinum and neodymium oxide (Pt-Nd₂O₃) precursors. The as-prepared Pt₅Nd nanoalloys with several pure Pt layers on surface exhibit more favorable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance and remarkable stability in acid electrolytes than commercial Pt/C due to the compressive strain effect of Pt overlayer.

A surface self-transformation strategy is developed to generate the FeTi-layer double hydroxides (LDH) overlayer on the Fe₂O₃/Fe₂TiO₅ photoanode to boost the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation activity by facilitating surface charge transfer/separation and accelerating oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics.

This study employs pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL), a byproduct of the pulping industry, as a small molecule carbon resource to construct a 2D ultrathin carbon nanosheet (A-CN@NFe) and uses it for high-performance supercapacitor (SC). This opens a new window for the scalable synthesis of low-cost and sustainable carbon nanosheets and also shows great prospects for pulping industry and energy storage fields.

2D Dion–Jacobson perovskite semiconductor BDAPbBr₄ for direct fast-neutron detection, providing high fast-neutron caption cross-section, good electrical stability, high resistivity, and, high μτ product of 3.3 × 10^-4 cm² V^-1. BDAPbBr₄ detector exhibited good response to fast-neutrons, not only achieving fast-neutron energy spectra in counting mode, but also obtaining linear and fast response in integration mode.

A highly transparent and scalable solution-processed photo-electro-thermal film is designed, which exhibits an ultra-broadband selective spectrum to separate the visible light from sunlight and a countertrend suppress of emission in longer wavelength. It enables efficient light-heat transfer and surface temperature preservation. The reverberation from photo-electro-thermal and super-hydrophobic effects exhibits anti-/de-icing performance with significant potential of energy-saving in all-day applications.

This study presents a unified model for determining the initial carrier densities and carrier temperature using the three-pulse pump-push-probe spectroscopy in halide perovskites. The phonon bottleneck model is used to rationalize the results, determining the phonon scattering times for MAPbBr₃ and MAPbI₃. This work paves the way for a deeper understanding of hot carrier cooling in next-generation photovoltaic materials.

This work reconstructs a microfluidic chip to integrate the bioactive ceramic into the microfluidic chip structure to constitute a ceramic microbridge microfluidic chip system. Migration differences in the chip system are measured and the reasons for the migration difference are analyzed by new biotechnology. The research results demonstrate the effectiveness of the microfluidic chip mode.

High quality colloidal crystals can be prepared with controlled vacancy doping. Their photonic bands produce optical properties dominated by a Bragg resonance. By increasing the doping concentration from the pristine crystal, this peak's lineshape undergoes a transition through a typical Fano resonance, to an anti-resonance that, finally, reenters an ordinary regime for high concentrations.

Copper single-atom nanozyme possessing photothermal-switched specificity is first reported in this study, where multiple enzyme-like activities and specific peroxidase-like activities can be used for sample pretreatment and sensitive sensing, respectively. Taking advantage of these characteristics, a pretreatment-and-sensing integration kit is constructed for point-of-care testing of various targets without interferences.

The edge-rich ultrathin RuZn nanosheets with moiré superlattices have been prepared, which have excellent pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. Theoretical calculations reveal that the doping of Zn makes the d-band center of Ru move down, which reduces the energy barrier of the hydrolysis reaction (ΔG_w) and improves the HER activity.

For the first time, it is demonstrated that exploiting the chirality-induced spin selectivity phenomena for photoelectrochemical water splitting with introducing chiral S-MBA-based 2D perovskites as a spin-filtering layer can be an efficient breakthrough strategy. This S-MBA-derived BiVO₄ photoanode exhibits improved oxygen evolution performance (e.g., reduced overpotential of 0.14 V and 2.3-fold increased photocurrent) compared to devices without the spin-filtering layer.

In this study, a nano-complex is developed that mirrors the structures and motifs of viral core-shell architectures. This virus-inspired protein nanocage is designed to stimulate in situ innate immune responses, invert the immunosuppressive characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, and enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. This formulation can potentially offer a distinct therapeutic strategy for cancer immunotherapy.

Nanosized garnet Li_6.5La₃Zr_1.5Ta_0.5O₁₂ (LLZT)-powder samples are successfully synthesized at a remarkably low temperature of 400 °C. The good room-temperature charge–discharge performance of the bulk-type NCM–graphite all-solid-state battery fabricated by hot-pressing sintering at 550 °C using the present LLZT fine powder sample as a solid electrolyte without any additives is demonstrated.

Na-ion conducting silica-based ionogel electrolytes are modified with phenyl groups to improve the mechanical characteristics for improved interfacial contact. Consequently, a reduction of the charge transfer resistance in Na|ionogel|Na₂Ti₃O₇ half cells is achieved. The ionogels' ionic conductivities are impacted because of pi-stacking between the phenyl groups on the silica matrix and the imidazolium cations of the ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE).

This work systematically investigates the working mechanisms of molecules as van der Waals (vdW) dielectrics, and thus reveals two important new insights. An important advantage of molecules-based vdW dielectrics over conventional dielectric materials is that defects hardly affect their insulating properties. As₂O₃ is an unprecedentedly competitive candidate as a vdW dielectric for 2D vdW semiconductors-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.

Antiferroelectric-like properties in Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-based ceramics are achieved via modulating the coexistence of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases. The energy storage properties (W_rec ≈8.3 J cm⁻³, η ≈80%) are both competitive enough as compared to other dielectric ceramics.

A porous structure of B, N co-doped carbon sheet is designed via one-pot molten salt treatment. The B, N co-doped porous carbon sheet ensures distinctive surface properties and multiple-size pores, which results in a much higher energy density and power density when B, N co-doped porous carbon sheet electrode is assembled into symmetric supercapacitors by using TEABF₄ electrolyte.

In inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the hole transport layer (HTL) structure/morphology can greatly affect the quality of the perovskite film. In this paper, a newly crosslinked double-network of PEDOT:PSS@PEGDMA as HTL was used to fabricate Sn–Pb PSCs, and achieve an encouraging power conversion efficiency of 20.9% with good stability.

The ultrasmall chitosan/graphene quantum dots nanoparticles are developed via microfluidic technique with optimized properties for brain targeting as theranostic agents in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the nanoparticles exhibit no effect on amyloid β plaque clearance and MAP2 and NeuN expression in treated brains, they can positively impact memory recovery after their intranasal delivery to the brain of AD rat models.

A simple self-templated design strategy is established to obtain two kinds of ternary metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), CoCu-NiMOF nanosheets (MNs) and microflowers (MFs), which demonstrate the excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance based on the Co–Cu concerted active sites, along with a strong synergistic effect of Ni node, thereby accelerating the OER catalytic rate.

When the deposited lithium forms dendrites and touches the separator, the optimized Dawson-type (NH₄)₆[P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂]·11H₂O (P₂Mo₁₈) with strong oxidation ability can destroy them like a “killer”. Furthermore, P₂Mo₁₈ can be reused during lithium plating/stripping process, accompanied by the conversion between its oxidation and reduction states, greatly improving the utilization rate of functionally modified materials.