The ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedures, open fetal surgery, fetoscopic surgery, and percutaneous interventions are critical approaches in fetal medicine, particularly for managing complex congenital anomalies. Fetal MRI plays a pivotal role in pre-procedural planning and real-time monitoring, ensuring optimal outcomes by providing detailed anatomical and functional assessments. These procedures collectively enhance survival rates and long-term health for affected fetuses. Fetal MRI: (a) thyroglossal duct cyst, (b) myelomeningocele, (c) twin-twin transfusion syndrome, and (d) diaphragmatic hernia.

Fetal intracranial tumors are rare, comprising 0.5%–1.9% of all childhood tumors, with their true incidence potentially underestimated. This review highlights the role of fetal MRI, particularly with advanced sequences, in diagnosing common fetal brain tumors such as teratomas, astrocytomas, and choroid plexus papillomas, often presenting unique histological and imaging characteristics.

This study demonstrates that the ratio of tNAA to tCr increases during gestation, which correlates with an increase in the number of neurons and cellular energy metabolism in the fetal brain as gestational weeks progress. Additionally, tCho levels exhibit a progressive decrease with advancing gestational weeks, indicating the ongoing development of the fetal brain during myelin formation in late gestation.

This study explored the imaging features of congenital hepatic hemangiomas of different sizes. A history of spontaneous regression of congenital hepatic hemangioma was identified at follow-up. A new type of congenital hepatic hemangioma—the spontaneous regression type after continued proliferation after birth—was also found.

Applying myocardial parametric mapping based on post-mortem MRI is feasible for non-invasive tissue characterization. We speculated that the elevated T2 relaxation may be an essential myocardial tissue characterization of cyanotic congenital heart disease, potentially suggesting myocardial edema, which may provide evidence to guide appropriate therapeutic intervention in fetuses with congenital heart disease.

Proposed algorithm for Diagnosing T 21 at 16-25 weeks' gestation in India using two dimensional Prenasal thickness, nasal bone length and their ratio.

Automated color coding of the MRI signal intensities may enhance the visualization of various pathologies, potentially leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and image quality. Incorporating color-coded MR image reconstruction into routine practice could ultimately lead to more accurate diagnoses, faster patient care, and better overall outcomes, highlighting the future potential of this innovation in advancing medical imaging technology. ACL tear-gray scale, hot rod and parathyroid color-coded MRI.