In an allogeneic graft-versus host disease (GVHD) mouse model, IL-26 markedly increases neutrophil levels and augments T helper 17 responses while in a xenogeneic model, humanized neutralizing anti-IL-26 monoclonal antibody impedes the development of chronic GVHD with preservation of graft-versus-leukemia effect.

Analysis of donor referrals reveals substantial variation among organ procurement organizations in rates of approach, authorization, and organ recovery and suggests that high authorization rates may result from selective approach practices while high donation rates may result from aggressively approaching families for authorization.

This retrospective analysis of U.S. registry data demonstrates that deceased donor kidney procurement biopsy findings are associated with post-transplant outcomes in a subset of kidneys that are likely to be both biopsied and transplanted.

This study of the French Kidney Allocation Scheme strongly advocates for allocation areas of sufficient size, combined with multiplicative interactions among allocation criteria, to optimally balance competing considerations.

The acceptable mismatch program administered by Scandiatransplant, the Nordic organ allocation organization, achieves 10-year graft survival for highly sensitized patients that is comparable to non-sensitized patients.

Analyses of data from kidney transplant recipients who participated in a randomized controlled trial show that the oral glucose tolerance test is indispensable to diagnose diabetes and pre-diabetes because concordance between hemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose tests is poor.

Post-kidney transplant delirium, a preventable surgical complication, is associated with improved executive function in the first two years but worse executive function thereafter, as well as a seven-fold greater risk of diagnosed dementia.

A single center retrospective study comparing kidney transplant outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 positive versus negative donors finds no differences in rates of post-transplant COVID diagnoses, metrics of allograft function, and graft or patient survival.

Liver Simulated Allocation Modeling shows that awarding additional MELD points to the shortest in stature liver transplant candidates improves sex-based disparities in waitlist outcomes.

The ID2EAL score, a novel and objective score comprised of donor type, cause of death, insulin-dependent diabetes, serum creatinine, age, weight and height outperforms the Donor Risk Index in predicting one-year graft failure, especially in the current era.

The updated heart allocation policy is associated with improved waitlist outcomes in high-acuity patients, no significant difference in waitlist outcomes for low-acuity patients, and no change in one-year post-transplant survival.

Heart transplant recipients with pre-transplant malignancy, compared to those without, show significantly higher incidence of post-transplant malignancies but comparable overall survival and long-term outcome.

A prospective study comparing patients who received heart transplants from hepatitis C viremic and non-viremic donors finds no differences in acute or chronic rejection, graft dysfunction or mortality.

The TRITON-01 study confirms that airway replacement using stented aortic matrices can be proposed as usual care. Patterson and Rendina comments page 2721.

Simulations of continuous distribution scenarios show that adoption of a framework that equally weighs waitlist and posttransplant survival and minimally weighs placement efficiency decreases waitlist deaths and maximizes posttransplant survival.

A retrospective multicenter study shows that patient survival after lung transplantation for myositis-related interstitial lung disease is comparable to that reported in international registries for all causes combined.

Data from a multi-center prospective cohort shows that the development of late, defined as more than 90 days after transplantation, but not early acute lung injury or organizing pneumonia confer worse outcomes for recipients.

Among pediatric solid organ transplant recipients, prophylactic use of valganciclovir is associated with neutropenia and kidney injury in the first year after transplant.

A single-center epidemiologic study shows that surgical site infections continue to adult solid organ transplants and are associated with increased transplant hospitalization, length of stay, graft failure, and mortality.

In solid organ transplant recipients, bone and joint infections, rare complications with subtle clinical presentation, high morbidity and frequent relapse, require special attention from treating physicians.

SARS-CoV-2-specific interferon-gamma response and antibody testing demonstrate that pediatric solid-organ transplant recipients develop cell-mediated and humoral responses to three doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine.

Living-donor ileal resection for intestinal transplantation is associated with minimal morbidity and no mortality.