In this work, we reported framework nucleic acid-based circuits enabling intracellular logic computation for mRNA imaging.

The performance of field effective transistor (FET) biosensors is limited to the charge screening in the solution, and previous reviews have not systematically elucidate this mechanism. In this review, we first expound the generation mechanism of this charge screening, then highlight recent advances to overcome this debye screening, including morphology improvements, aptamer design and device modulation. Finally, the challenges and perspectives involving overcoming charge screening are discussed. This review is beneficial to the development of label free, real-time and ultra-sensitivity FET biosensors.

We design an optogenetic system that uses light sensitive protein-protein interaction between Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and CIB1 to spatiotemporally visualize the PIP3 production with high specificity.

A new DNA walking mechanism is developed for the digital counting-based analysis of miRNA.

Recently, nanopores have been used to sense a variety of analytes, including DNA, RNA, proteins, enzymes, small molecules, cancer cells, and metal ions, and can also provide information on biomolecular structures.

Single entities detection reveals heterogeneity and random processes hidden in ensemble measurements. Obtaining accurate single-entity information is challenging. The electrochemical analysis is at high spatial resolution and high temporal resolution to analyze single entities and measure the fast kinetics process. In this minireview, we will focus on the electrochemical strategies for single multiscale entities.

A single particle-based confocal laser scanning microscopy was developed for the visual detection of copper ions in confined space by using fluorescence microparticle, AuNCs/ZIF-8, which was synthesized by coating gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) onto the outer surface of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). The synthesized AuNCs/ZIF-8 exhibits turn-off responses for Cu²⁺ via fluorescence quenching in the range of 2—15 μmol·L^–1 with a detection limit of 0.9 μmol·L^–1. Different distribution of AuNCs on the different surfaces of single ZIF-8 crystal and similar fluorescence quenching dynamics on the different surfaces of single AuNCs/ZIF-8 were obtained.

This study reports that ions can transport through the surface of hydrophobic nanopores driven by electric field.

GIAAN with SERS-active AuAg core confined in a nanospace of few-layer graphene shell was used for multiphase analysis and multimodal cellular Raman imaging.

Structural DNA nanotechnology has established an attractive toolbox for biological analysis and medical detection. In this mini review, we focus on the research progress of in situ analysis of DNA nanostructured biosensors in confined space.

The Scheme illustates the preparation of 3D flower-like Cu-MOF and ultra-thin MXene nanosheets (A), and the fabrication procedures of the Cu-MOF/MXene modified electrode for the electrochemical detection of H₂O₂ (B).

Exosome membrane-coated zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (EM-ZIF-8) nanoparticles are fabricated through a microfluidic sonication approach. The devised biomimetic EM-ZIF-8 nanoparticles are a highly efficient platform for intracellular drug delivery and ATP sensing.

In this work, nanoelectrode amperometry was used to investigate how natural product harpagide inhibits microglia activation and protects DAergic neurons. Intracellular monitoring with single platinized SiC@C NWEs showed that harpagide can efficiently decrease intracellular ROS concentration in microglia suffering activation by inflammatory factors LPS and IFN-γ; Intra-synapse monitoring using CFNEs indicated that harpagide can effectively protect DAergic neuron exocytosis function from microglial inflammation. The results indicate that harpagide inhibits microglia from activation, reduces inflammation-mediated neural injury and maintains dopamine exocytosis function. These conclusions establish that harpagide possesses promising avenues for preventive or therapeutic interventions against PD and other NDDs.

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated at microtube electrode ensembles (MEEs) was applied for the chemical sensing of single living cells, which reveals the heterogeneous hydrogen peroxide efflux at the subcellular level.

An effective deep learning-assisted visualized fluorometric array-based sensing method for biogenic amines (BAs) detection was developed. 9 typical machine learning algorithms were investigated for qualitative and quantitative analysis of seven BAs. The DL algorithm of convolutional neural network (CNN) approaches 99.29% prediction accuracy in wide volume fraction range (200—2500 cm³/m³). This method also provides a new way for meat freshness monitoring, which contributes the practical significance for the large-sample detection of food quality monitoring and disease diagnosis. The further development of the sensor array can facilitate the detection of a wider variety of analytes.