The application of Ca and SA treatments extended the shelf life of broccoli heads by improving the antioxidant system and delay chlorophyll degradation. The combination of Ca and SA (Ca (2%) + SA (0.01%)) was much more effective than any single component in preserving fresh broccoli.

The liver fibrosis model of Kunming mice was established by intragastric administration of carbon tetrachloride. However, gavage of corn oligopeptides can improve liver fibrosis caused by carbon tetrachloride by alleviating liver injury, relieving inflammation and inhibiting the expression of Akt/NF-KB signaling pathway.

Aqueous extracts of miswak (Salvadora persica) and date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) and their combination effectively ameliorated depressive-like behaviors, body weight loss, and oxidative stress induced by CUMS in the rat model of depression and restored serotonin and cortisol secretion to normal levels. Furthermore, the studied extracts improved the levels of plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines and CREB and BDNF mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest their possible application as an effective treatment for stress-induced depression-like behaviors.

The in vitro and in silico study results revealed that Macadamia nut peptides effectively inhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme.

Triterpenes and phytosterols have been extracted and separated from Moringa oleifera stem bark. Dose-dependent reduction of cell viability found when lupeol and β – sitosterol administered and showcasing increased G1 phase cell accumulation while reducing other cell cycle phases (S and G2/M) and significant lowering of intracellular lipid accumulation.

Administration of different doses of Solanum macrocarpon (SM) aqueous leaf extract to diabetic rats demonstrated normoglycemia, normolipidemia, reduced the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, cardiac troponin I, and inflammatory levels as well as an increase in the antioxidant enzyme activities. Hence, the results suggest that SM aqueous leaf extract ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Low temperature (LT) treatment reduced activities of MDcase and PPH in chloroplast and differentially reduced MdCCGs expression in apple peel during ripening. LT might also reduce ROS accumulation by inhibiting Chl-POX and Chl oxidase activities and enhancing SOD activity in chloroplast of apple peel during ripening. These results indicated that LT treatment might delay Chl degradation through inhibiting PAO pathway and Chl oxidation during ripening of apple fruit.

Enzymatic hydrolysate of porphyra has protective effects on intestinal mucosal dysfunction in obese mice.

1. Resveratrol can delay the ripening and aging of strawberry fruit during storage.
2. Resveratrol can maintain the quality of strawberry fruit during storage.
3. Resveratrol can maintain the antioxidant ability of strawberry fruit during storage.

Harpephyllum caffrum fruits improve brain glucose uptake and utilization, with concomitant improvement of brain's antioxidant, cholinergic, and glucogenic enzyme activities.

Active phytochemicals from pomogranate fruit extract that was computationally predicted to interact with CDK 5 and CDK 8 kinases, was responsible, to a great extent, for the observed anticancer efficacy of pomegranate fruit extract against AML cells.

• Gallic acid was grafted onto the chitosan to prepare gallic acid-g-chitosan (GAC) with anti-adipogenesis effects.
• GAC inhibited lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species generation, pro-inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), and adipocyte gene expression (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1).
• GAC exhibited an anti-adipogenic effect through the induction of HO-1.

Sesame lignans ameliorate lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in steatosis HepG2 cells.

Summarizing the effect of Resveratrol in rheumatoid arthritis via the STAT3/HIF-1/VEGF molecular pathway.

Amyloid fibril in healthy and inflammatory breast milk from women investigated. Healthy milk contained no amyloid fibrils but inflammatory milk did. Fatty acids were significantly different between the two groups. Results clarified the relationship between inflammation, fibrils, and FA in breast milk.

A total of 36 volatile compound were identified in different steamed pork belly fats (F0: fresh pork belly fat; S30: steamed for 30 min; S180: steamed for 180 min). The key volatile compounds heptanal, ethyl hexanoate, 2-methylbutanal-m, 3-methylbutanal, ethyl acetate, and 2,3-butanedione were significantly increased in the steamed fat. Hexanal-d and 1-heptanol imparted fruity and grassy flavors to S30 and S180. 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone imparted milk and fat flavors to S180.

HPS had a strong protection on LPS/D-GalN-induced ALI, and HPS-50-2 was screened as the potential material basis, which might be contributed to its beta configuration, the highest molecular weight, and the high contents of glucose and galactose.

EGCG is a bioactive compound present in green tea. EGCG contains pyrogallol as B-rings while it contains an additional gallate moiety as a D-ring, which increases the number of hydroxyl groups. The EGCG, due to galloyl moieties increasing in their hydroxyl groups, possesses more excellent antioxidant activities than EC and EGC. Considerable challenges in EGCG utilization are the low systemic bioavailability, less stability in alkaline media, temperature, high oxidative degradation, metabolic transformations, as well as toxicity at higher concentrations. Hence, some effective strategies are introduced to overcome its lower bioavailability and stability issues.

In the graph, coffee consumption generates large quantities of spent coffee grounds, the unused part of the coffee bean that is left after brewing. However, due to its composition, this waste stream has the potentially to be valorized and converted into several valuable bioproducts such as biopolymers, biofuels and filter materials, instead of being discarded in landfills.

• Ferula assa-foetida gum extract (FAE) has an antidiabetic effect on STZ-induced diabetic rats.
• FAE prevents β cell damage, improves the ultrastructure of these cells, and increases the number of β cells and the secretion of insulin granules.
• FAE is a potential source for the isolation of new oral antidiabetic agent(s).

The reaction mechanism of delphinidin and pelargonidin with free radicals was researched by quantum chemical density functional theory and in vitro antioxidant evaluation methods in this paper. The results indicated the antioxidant ability of delphinidin is stronger than that of pelargonidin.

1. Total alkaloids of Plumula nelumbinis (TAP) suppressed ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice.
2. The lipidomic profiles revealed that TAP improved the lipid disorder in cardiac fibrosis.
3. Combining lipidomics, pharmacology network analysis and experimental evaluation, AMPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were the potential targeted pathways by TAP to regulate lipid metabolism dysfunction.

This study aimed to assess the effects of 10 weeks of aerobic training (AT) and dill extract (DE) on miR-33 and miR-223 expression of liver in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. The findings showed that long-term AT combined with the intake of DE may improve the plasma levels of Apo B, and TC and HDL-C levels in the liver, which is probably due to AT and DE positive effects on miR-33 and miR-223 expression in the liver of obese rats.

Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (DG) and Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (SDH) can act as neuro protectants. DG-SDH formulated at a ratio of 3:2 (DG-SDH (3:2)) increased content of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and flavonoids and showed the best synergistic effects in scavenging activity of free radicals. DG-SDH (3:2) protected SHSY-5Y cells by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing cell apoptosis, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and protecting cell morphology.

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory property of mulberry vinegar in LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated C6 glial cells. Mulberry vinegar was observed to suppress the LPS/IFN-γ-induced nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species overproduction by regulation of nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway and glial activation.

The study reports that non-selective inhibition of nitric oxide by L-NAME in rats impairs liver function and formulated curry tea types interfered with the ability of L-NAME to inhibit NO synthesis which was associated with ameliorated hepatic dysfunction in rats.

Figure 1. The experimental design of mice. Normal: standard chow diet and 0.1mL/20g (b.w.) 0.9% normal saline; Control: 45% HFD and 0.1mL/20g (b.w.) saline; L-Carnitine: mice treated with 45% HFD and 200 mg/kg (b.w.) L-carnitine; LPFS: mice treated with 45% HFD and 0.1mL/20g (b.w.) lemon peel fermentation supernatant; LPUFS: mice treated with 45% HFD and 0.1mL/20g (b.w.) lemon peel un-fermentation supernatant.

• 5 g per day of Brazil nut did not significantly increase GPx activity levels in coronary artery disease.
• 5 g per day of Brazil nut did not affect TMAO production in coronary artery disease.
• TMAO is negatively associated with total fiber intake in coronary artery disease.

• Ursolic acid mediated the TRP53.
• ET and UA had a syner getic effect on the signaling pathway of p53/ATF4/p21.

1. A total of 73 compounds were detected and tentatively identified in a water extract of E. ulmoides leaves.
2. A feasible compound-target-pathway network pharmacology model was established.
3. The potential core active compounds, targets, and pathways were screened.

1. Effect of HIF-1α on glycolysis pathway in yak meat during the ageing process after death.
2. HIF-1α positively regulated activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase in yak meat.
3. Glucose transporter is the main downstream target of hypoxia factor.
4. HIF-1α was an important factor that slows down mitochondrial respiration to satisfy glycolysis energy.

The effects of cinnamon in diabetic cardiomyopathy were evaluated. FBS and cardiac enzyme indicators were reduced in all treated rats. Cinnamon Improved oxidative imbalance in heart tissue of diabetic rats. Inflammation and fibrosis was diminished in treated groups. AT1, ANP, β-MHC, and BNP gene expression were downregulated in treated rats.

1. Lactobacillus dietary supplement can increase the content of intramuscular fat, so that improved meat quality of Sunit sheep;
2. Lactobacillus dietary supplement can enrich the quantity of fatty acids in longissimus thoracis of Sunit sheep, especially the functional fatty acids.
3. The metabolites and pathways related lipid synthesis in longissimus thoracis were induced by Lactobacillus dietary supplement.