Diabetic cardiomyopathy was attenuated by cinnamon treatment through the inhibition of fibro-inflammatory response and ventricular hypertrophy in diabetic rats
Maryam Farazandeh
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Maryam Mahmoudabady
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Maryam Mahmoudabady, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAli Akbar Asghari
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology
Search for more papers by this authorSaeed Niazmand
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Contribution: Formal analysis, Software, Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorMaryam Farazandeh
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Maryam Mahmoudabady
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Maryam Mahmoudabady, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAli Akbar Asghari
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology
Search for more papers by this authorSaeed Niazmand
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Contribution: Formal analysis, Software, Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic complication of diabetes that emphasizes the urgency of developing new drug therapies. With an illustrious history in traditional medicine to improve diabetes, cinnamon has been shown to possess blood lipids lowering effects and antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the extent to which it protects the diabetic heart has yet to be determined. Forty-eight rats were administered in the study and grouped as: control; diabetic; diabetic rats given 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg cinnamon extract, metformin (300 mg/kg), valsartan (30 mg/kg), or met/val (combination of both drugs), via gavage for six weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and markers of cardiac injury including creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated in blood samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, the total contents of thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured. Histopathology study and gene expression measurement of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were done on cardiac tissue. FBS and cardiac enzyme indicators were reduced in all treated groups. A reduction in MDA level and enhancement in thiol content alongside with increase of SOD and CAT activities were observed in extract groups. The decrease of inflammation and fibrosis was obvious in treated groups, notably in the high-dose extract group. Furthermore, all treated diabetic groups showed a lowering trend in AT1, ANP, β-MHC, and BNP gene expression. Cinnamon extract, in addition to its hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties, can prevent diabetic heart damage by alleviating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.
Practical applications
This study found that cinnamon extract might protect diabetic heart damage by reducing inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac tissue, in addition to lowering blood glucose levels and increasing antioxidant activity. Our data imply that including cinnamon in diabetic participants' diets may help to reduce risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
There are no conflicts of interest declared by the authors.
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