The suppression of Platelet derived growth factors (PDGF)-D signaling pathway with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting both PDGF-D and PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-β is a promising strategy for anticancer therapy. The downregulation of PDGF-D and PDGFR-β with chitosan/siRNA nanoplex formulations reduced proliferation and invasion in breast cancer cells and markedly decreased in tumor volume in the in vivo breast tumor model.

RPE cells derived from hiPSCs with a frameshift mutation in exon 6 of CHM showed reduced phagocytic activity under oxidative stress. The phenotype was partially rescued by exon 6-skipping induced by the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

ABC transporters are actively involved in transporting chemotherapeutic agents through biological membranes. The ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, and ABCG2 genes are expressed in human lungs and gene mutations influence drug efflux. The polymorphisms of ABC genes play a crucial role in predicting the overall survival and clinicopathological outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment.

3D (bio)printing-assisted viral and non-viral gene delivery systems.

Early distribution of [¹⁸F]fluorobenzoate-labeled AAV9 vectors infused into the cisterna magna of non-human primates was evaluated using positron emission tomography. The vectors diffused into the broad arachnoid space around the brain stem and cervical spinal cord. The cisterna magna infusion would be an effective administration method for gene therapy.

Combining TCGA-LUAD and our own validation data, we systematically revealed the heterogeneity of genomic alterations profiles and tumor microenvironment across the histological patterns in lung adenocarcinoma. We found the most aggressive complex glands were enriched cancer-associated fibroblasts exhibiting a higher possibility of lymph node metastasis.

In this study, expression of CHST11 was linked to pulmonary related diseases such as fibrosis and lung cancer progression. It may be possible to provide alternative strategies for pulmonary diseases by targeting CHST11-related events.

RNA sequencing was performed by using tissues obtained from high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. After performing RNA sequencing, we analyzed data between platinum sensitive and platinum resistance HGSOC by spatial analysis of functional enrichment software analysis and validated with public database and in vitro analysis. The result showed that protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 3 (PACSIN3) was upregulated in platinum resistance HGSOC and KIAA0319 and neurotensin were downregulated. Finally, we selected PACSIN3 because it was the only upregulate gene and cisplatin-induced apoptosis was measured in PACSIN3 knockout OVCA433 and BRCA-mutated epithelial ovarian cancer cell line, SNU251, by a fluorescence-activated cell sorting-based Annexin-V/propium iodide double staining assay, which revealed a significant increase in apoptosis.

Schematic illustration of molecular mechanism of miR-181c-5p loaded by EVs in hypoxic epithelial ovarian cancer. miR-181c-5p delivered by hypoxic epithelial ovarian cancer cell-derived EVs targets KAT2B to upregulate HOXA10 and activate the JAK1/STAT3 pathway, thereby promoting the M2 polarization of TAMs and thus stimulating the growth and metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and advanced interstitial lung disease with poor prognosis. AHNAK nucleoprotein 2 (AHNAK2) is a macromolecular protein and highly expressed in IPF. Inhibition of AHNAK2 alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by downregulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

First, the sequencing data and clinical data of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases to further analyze the expression of SYNGR2 in cancer cells and adjacent tissues. Then the prognostic value of SYNGR2 in ESCC patients was evaluated, and the diagnostic value of SYNGR2 was evaluated via the receiver operating characteristic curve and nomogram. The genes closely related to SYNGR2 and the prognosis of ESCC were further screened and analyzed using enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction analysis and correlation analysis. Finally, SYNGR2 and immune infiltrating cells in tumor microenvironment were analyzed using the TIMER and TISIDB databases.

In hepatocellular cancer cells, elevated E2F1 activates SNHG1 transcription and thus upregulates SNHG1 expression. E2F1-activated SNHG1 binds to miR-326 and sequesters the interaction of miR-326 and PKM2, resulting in upregulation of PKM2 expression, thus facilitating glycolysis and promoting the proliferation of hepatocellular cancer cells.

There is some evidence suggesting that overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factors, as well as their intramyocardial delivery, might induce ventricular arrhythmias. In the present study, we show that intramyocardial adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor-D^∆N∆C is not associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias but might instead improve cardiac autonomic regulation when using heart rate variability metrics as reference. Created using BIORENDER (https://biorender.com).

Several mutations in SARS-CoV-2, especially deletion mutations in the spike (S) protein, have led to the development of a new variant of concern, named Omicron. Omicron has higher transmissibility and infectivity but milder symptoms compared with other SARS-CoV-2 variants. Currently, five subvariants of Omicron have been identified, including BA.1 and BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4 and BA.5. Laboratory diagnosis of Omicron includes genetic testing using reverse transcriptase PCR and next-generation sequencing, serology testing for neutralizing IgM/IgG and imaging studies.

Next-generation sequencing of Chinese patients with breast cancer (BC) revealed the somatic gene variants, frequently mutated genes and the heterogeneity of somatic mutations between different hierarchical subgroups. These distinct mutation profiles might be potentially relevant in the development of treatment strategies for specific subset of BC patients.

This study demonstrates the potential to identify and silence targets using a linoleic-acid-modified PEI/siRNA system and highlights the importance of HSP90B1 in the growth and migration of breast cancer cells.

How is Walker–Warburg Syndrome (WWS) diagnosed prenatally? The present study is the first to identify the mutations in the B3GALNT2 gene by as early as 20 weeks of gestation, which provides new insights into the prenatal diagnosis of WWS.

Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most feared complications of pregnancy and inadequate trophoblast invasion plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PE. The present study found that ankyrin repeat domain protein 37 (ANKRD37) inhibited trophoblast migration and invasion via the NF-ĸB pathway possibly. The study is the first to investigate the biological function of ANKRD37 and provides new targets for PE therapy.

Recent advances of histidine-based gene delivery systems are shown, as well as future prospects and opportunities.

Schematic diagram showing the molecular mechanism of circ_0072088 in regulating the sensitivity of CDDP-resistant NSCLC cells to CDDP. Cisplatin treatment leads to upregulation of circ_0072088 in CDDP-resistant NSCLC cells, and increased expression of circ_0072088 induces LASP1 production by binding to miR-944, to promote NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibit cell apoptosis.