90 Jahre Chemie Ingenieur Technik

Copyright: Wiley-VCH

Copyright Hintergrund: teekid@iStockphoto

90 Jahre Chemie Ingenieur Technik

Copyright: Wiley-VCH

Copyright Hintergrund: Iuliia_Syrotina_28@Getty Images

Auf Basis des Persona-Konzepts mit Design-Thinking-Elementen wurden „Prototypen” entwickelt und in griffige 12 Thesen zusammengefasst. Die enge Datenvernetzung in der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette mit der Produkt- und Prozessentwicklung wird unterstützt durch den digitalen Zwilling sowie unterschiedliche Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz.

New technologies like industrial biotechnology or internet of things are changing the processes in chemical value creation: Interdisciplinary exchange is gaining in importance. With the European Chemistry Partnering, an international chemistry community is growing that wants to derive more innovation from what already exists.

Der Vorteil einer wertstoffchemischen Verfahrensentwicklung zur zukünftigen Rohstoffsicherung liegt in der herkunftsunabhängigen Gewinnung der Rohstoffe. Die Rohstoffströme werden in einer einzigen Prozesskette verarbeitet, wodurch ein Downcycling vermieden wird und ausschließlich Primärproduktqualitäten erreicht werden.

Anlässlich des neunzigjährigen Jubiläums der Zeitschrift Chemie Ingenieur Technik zeichnet der Beitrag die Entwicklung der Biotechnologie in der Zeit von 1949 bis heute anhand von Veröffentlichungen in diesem Journal nach. Aus jeder Dekade werden dazu zentrale Fortschritte und Tätigkeitsfelder der Disziplin exemplarisch vorgestellt.

An overview on the innovations of bioenergy over the last century until today and future prospects in Germany is given. Technical innovations, political and energy crises have always been the main drivers for transformation of the energy system. The future bioenergy supply has to be even more efficient, demand-oriented and integrated in the energy system.

Future biorefineries are essential for a future sustainable and potentially CO₂-neutral chemical industry. Bridging chemo-, bio- and electro-catalysis together with tailored reaction engineering provides opportunities for process optimization.

The experimental accessibility of disperse systems is a critical factor for a thorough understanding. Integral values are often used to reduce the complexity, but a detailed single particle or interface analysis is crucial to understand relevant effects affecting the swarm behavior.

The reliable prediction of what-if scenarios is one of the main benefits made possible by model-based process simulation and optimization. This amounts to a shift of paradigm, away from single solutions to solution sets. Methods, industrial examples, benefits and perspectives are addressed in this contribution.

Methoden zur Modellierung von Festbettreaktoren und die jeweiligen Vor- und Nachteile werden vorgestellt sowie die Möglichkeiten zur experimentellen Validierung diskutiert. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf zweidimensionalen, homogenen Kontinuumsmodellen.

In the last 15 years an exponentially growing interest of the scientific community in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be stated. The commercialization of MOFs will proceed in small steps with niche applications mainly in gas storage and release. If these applications turn out to be successful and confidence in MOFs is built up, bigger applications in adsorption and permeation separation will follow.

The success of multistage distillation processes has been a key motivator for the development of many other principles of countercurrent separation processes. Applying a generalized equilibrium stage model selected alternative applications based on exploiting other phase situations and operating principles are presented and compared.

In a Carbon2Chem® subproject the production of oxymethylene ethers via methanol from steel mill gases was investigated. If coupled with methanol production, natural gas-based direct reduced iron processes offer the chance for quantitative CO₂ emission reduction in steel mills at the lowest CO₂ avoidance costs. The required energy could be supplied as renewable electricity.

Smart, responsive equipment for future chemical plants are discussed, e.g., a tubular reactor or crystallizer with integrated sensors, local microcontroller, and self-adaptive settler.

Process intensification helps to address the steadily increasing demands to design and operate a chemical process as efficient and sustainable as possible. This contribution provides a rough overview on the history of process intensification, highlights three current examples of research and closes with a brief outlook to future activities.

A variety of electrochemical water treatment processes for drinking water, industrial and municipal wastewater are presented. This overview ranges from classical methods, such as electrodialysis, to remove inorganic substances to current processes for the removal of trace substances or disinfection as well as for the energy production from organically contaminated wastewater.

Teflon AF tubes are predestinated for the application as optofluidic devices for gas-liquid reactions at laboratory scale, due to their remarkable light transmission and gas permeation properties. Thus, a new liquid core waveguide membrane microreactor is reported, in which photo activation and simultaneous in situ detection of gas-liquid reactions is possible.</

The association of molecular building blocks in a given solvent depends in a complex manner on the solvent composition. Molecular dynamics simulations provide a molecular-level understanding of the various driving forces. In this work, two examples of noncovalent binding are studied and some aspects of force field validation are illustrated.