Mitochondria play a critical role in aging and aging-related diseases. This review systematically explores the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial deterioration during aging and highlights innovative therapeutic strategies for these mitochondrial problems. On this basis, it is expected that more targeted and efficient antiaging treatment strategies will be developed in the future to achieve precision and efficiency in the treatment of aging-related diseases.

Gene delivery is a key area in biomedicine, where nucleic acids are delivered into cells to treat diseases by modulating genes. The low micelle concentration, effective nucleic acid complexation, and low immunogenicity make Gemini surfactants promising gene delivery vectors. This paper summarizes strategies to improve the transfection efficiency or biocompatibility of Gemini surfactant vectors and explores their delivery mechanisms, thereby offering new insights into the field's development.