This commentary frames the novelty of Xiong et al (Clinical and Translational Medicine, 2022) in the context of the field. Research most directly related to DAB2IP's function as a tumor suppressor are briefly summarized and referenced, particularly in reference to breast cancer and the findings by Xiong et al related to RAC1.

Factors causing gut dysbiosis; metabolic endotoxemia and t2dm complications; phytoconstituents from medicinal herbs; favouring gut eubiosis and insulin sensitivity and T2DM by phytocomponents of medicinal herbs

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in initiating the adaptive immune response that could determine the outcome of Hepatitis B virus infection. The efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy may be improved via several strategies including treatment of interleukin-12, pDC-derived interferon (IFN)-α, monophosphoryl lipid A and IFN-γ, uric acid as well as blockade of B7 homolog 1. Besides, DCs with an engineered expression of HBV S-ecdCD40L, or pulsed with M1:HBcAg conjugates or transfection of recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-C (472-507)-ecdCD40L also showed improved efficacy.

• (1) Development of liquid biopsy has great potential of clinical application in non-invasive detection of tumours.
• (2) Urine-based biomarkers or tests for clinical management in bladder cancer can be widely used for early detection, minimal residual, recurrence monitoring and therapeutic response.
• (3) Many challenges need to be overcomed in the discovery and validation studies of urine biomarkers for bladder cancer.

Parkinson's disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) are challenging to differentiate. Traditional biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alpha-synuclein, Aβ42, and tau cannot distinguish PD and APS patients with confidence. CSF protein misfolding cyclic amplification, real-time quaking-induced conversion, and neurofilament light chain are new-generation biomarkers that better differentiate PD from healthy controls. Attention has also moved to use non-CSF fluid biomarkers as they are less invasive.

Graphical Headlights

• Munc18-1-interacting protein 3 (Mint3) showed higher expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) than normal urothelium.

• The expression level of Mint3 correlated with the malignancy of UC.

• Depletion of Mint3 suppressed a progression of UC in vivo.

• Mint3 inhibitor, Naphthofluorescein enhanced anti-tumour activity of gemcitabine.

We present a Graphical Abstract that would represent the potential therapeutic effects of inhaled ibuprofenate on lung macrophages infected by SARS-CoV-2 and its link with the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, in the manuscript we will provide data on observational studies in pneumonias and Cards.