Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2023, 67, 202200428

DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200428

The intestinal flora of AIH mice is disordered, the intestinal barrier is destroyed, LPS migrates to liver and activates the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway leading to liver injury. Gavage of Pro, Pre and Syn reverse this state. Postbiotics inhibit LPS-induced activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway and reduce inflammatory factors in vitro. This is reported by Weiping Fan and co-workers in article number 2200428.

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the major component of cell membranes and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) - a lipid class derived by the cleavage of PC - is the main component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) that can lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Controversial results are found on the associations of PC and LPC with obesity, which dependent on several factors.

Impact of dietary flavonoids on the tumor microenvironment. Food-derived flavonoids regulate the tumor microenvironment in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting tumor proliferation, migration and invasion, angiogenesis, and immune inflammation.

Protective mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotic against the AIH. The probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotic restore immune imbalance, intestinal flora, and intestinal barrier to inhibit bacteria and LPS transfer to the liver as well as inhibit the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the production of inflammatory factors in the liver.

Long-term HFD reduces renal IDE expression and activity by inhibiting the PPARγ pathway, which leads to impaired renal insulin clearance, subsequently causes hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese mice.

A short-term diet of 4 weeks modulates inflammation in white adipose tissue and impacts some markers of gut permeability in ileum when SPL is associated with rapeseed oil in the diets. These effects are associated with specific modulation of the gut microbiota.

N6-methyladenosine Co-Immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction results show that the enrichment of m6A-modified Nrf2 mRNA and the levels of m6A regulatory proteins METTL3, METTL14, YTHDC2, and YTHDDF2 increase significantly in the DIO group and DIO-R group compared to the control group. Oxidative stress mediated by methylation of m6A may contribute to high fat diet-induced reproductive dysfunction in murine testicular tissue.

Effect of WEIG on the alleviation of HFD-induced cognitive decline in SD rats.

Long-term high-fat diet induces visceral adipose tissue lipolysis and liver ectopic lipid deposition. 5-HT-induced adipocyte lipolysis is essential for the development of obesity-related complications. Diet luteolin supplementation before fatty liver formation improves hepatic steatosis in obese mice by inhibiting visceral adipose tissue lipolysis. Mechanistically, luteolin inhibits 5-HT-induced lipolysis, Ca²⁺-PKG cascade, and SIRT1/FoxO1/AMPKα signaling through competitively binding to 5-HT receptor HTR2B.