This study demonstrates that fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has great efficacy for evaluation of adrenal lesions, either under endoscopic ultrasound or CT guidance. Incorporation of rapid on-site evaluation into FNA procedure does not directly affect the performance of FNA biopsy but may help direct additional tissue sampling to increase diagnostic yield.

This retrospective study demonstrates that a Thy1c cytology report following cyst aspiration is reliable in excluding clinically significant thyroid cancer prior to definitive treatment of the cyst.

Cytological images are taken by a microscope, and feature extraction and classification are performed using the vision model. Switching the text decoder to be used according to the classification results, a description of cytologic findings is generated.

Cytology is an accepted method of screening for anal cancer. We compared the diagnostic performance between conventional microscopy and digital cytology in a series of anal specimens. The number of ASC-US+ cases detected by both systems was similar. However, the digital cytology system detected more high-grade lesions than conventional microscopy.

This study compared the diagnostic performance between conventional microscopy (CC) and digital cytology (DC) coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) in a series of anal cytology specimens. Although the number of ASC-US+ cases detected by both systems was similar, the DC/AI system detected more high-grade lesions than CC.

Pap test plays a role in the detection of endometrial carcinoma, and effective detection of these lesions could be improved.

Polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) often has diagnostic difficulties due to its subtle cytological features. This case study highlights its rare presentation in uncommon locations, underscoring the importance of considering PAC in atypical sites for accurate diagnosis and management.

This is the first case report describing the diagnostic value of dot-shaped inclusions associated with promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) to define JC virus–infected glial cells in an intraoperative cytopathological diagnosis for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).