This study explored a potential of poly(I:C) and LAG-3-Ig as adjuvants for tumor antigen peptide vaccine in the pre-established mouse tumor model. It was found that poly(I:C) plus LAG-3-Ig combination as adjuvant profoundly augments therapeutic potential of tumor peptide vaccine.

In this study, we demonstrate that long-term sorafenib treatment induces autocrine HGF secretion and activates c-Met signaling. Moreover, our findings suggest that dual inhibition of HGF and c-Met kinase in the resistant cells is more potent to restore sorafenib sensitivity than single inhibitions alone. Our data is the first demonstration of autocrine HGF/c-Met signaling in sorafenib resistant HCC cells and provide a novel strategy for the design of second-line treatments after sorafenib failure.

WDR20 downregulation and copy number loss are associated with a poorer outcome in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Mitofusin-2 was found to be a direct target of miR-761, which was found to be upregulated in HCC tissues. MiR-761 can affect mitochondrial function and inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vivo and in vitro by targeting Mfn2.

Lung metastasis after intravascular injection of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells with different ADAM23 expression levels into NOD/SCID mice was determined by bioluminescence imaging and histological examination of the whole lungs. As shown in this figure, the metastasis was inhibited at two weeks in the mouse group received ADAM23-overexpressing cells and enhanced in that of ADAM23-knockdown cells.

ATM inhibition may facilitate the gefitinib-dependent repression of the phosphorylation of EGFR and/or its downstream factors, to exert anti-cancer effects against NSCLC cells with the sensitive EGFR mutation.

A method of 3D culture for primary cancer cells, Cancer Tissue-Originated Spheroid, CTOS, was applied to endometrial cancer. Drug screening was performed, and the candidate drugs were tested with multiple patient samples. Biomarkers were investigated with the diversity of sensitivity.

“Oncogene swap” from EGFR to MET induces acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI and can be overcome by MET inhibition.

GANP expression is an independent prognostic factor in human breast cancers, whereas two types of ganp-deficient mice develop mammary tumors. GANP protein encoded on chromosome 21q is associated with resistance to mammary tumor development.

MTV and TLG (especially TLG) could serve as potential surrogate biomarkers for recurrence in patients with primary cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy.

This prospective, single-armed, open label phase II study is conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of paclitaxel (T)/cisplatin (P) with nimotuzumab (N) as first-line treatment in advanced ESCC.

This is the first study to analyze gene copy number aberration, mRNA expression, and protein expression of FGFR1, and the correlation of each parameter with breast cancer characteristics. The expression level of FGFR1 protein may be an independent prognostic factor in terms of relapse free survival for ER-positive/HER2-negative primary breast cancer patients.

We summarize pre-clinical studies and the first-in-human study of KW-2450, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor with insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 and insulin receptor inhibitory activity. Single-agent KW-2450 was associated with modest antitumor activity in heavily pre-treated patients with solid tumors and is being further investigated in combination therapy with lapatinib/letrozole in patients with HER2-postive metastatic breast cancer.

Our study is conducted to evaluate whether the combination of sorafenib and metformin is sufficient to revert the expression of TIP30, by which reducing the lung metastasis and improving the survival simultaneously. Our data show that the combination of sorafenib and metformin inhibits proliferation and invasion in vitro, prolongs the median survival and reduces lung metastasis of HCC in vivo. This effect is closely associated with the up-regulation of TIP30, partly through activating AMPK.

The present study indicate that cetuximab accumulation and the resulting antitumor effects are enhanced by treatment at 41°C compared to 37°C, especially in the stroma-rich Capan-1 Cell-xeno and Ope-xeno models.

Due to absence of Fhit genome caretaker function, Fhit knockout mouse cells develop aneuploidy, allele copy number losses and −/− tissues develop >1000 single-base substitutions in the 2% of the genome included in exomes. The mutation signature is characterized by increased C>T and T>C mutations, similar to the “age at diagnosis” signature identified in human cancers. The increase in T>C mutations in −/− exomes may be due to thymidine triphosphate imbalance, resulting from decreased expression of Thymidine Kinase 1 in Fhit-deficient cells.

High grade early HCC, in cluster analysis.