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ALKBH5 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting Notch signaling in osteosarcoma.

A once-neglected field of science at the boundary scale between the micro and macro worlds has been revisited in light of recent interdisciplinary research. Mesoscience is a new scientific perspective that combines multi-level information. Mesoscale studies will revolutionize our traditional understanding of cellular structure and function, thereby transforming their applications, such as cell biology and oncology. Cancer is a disease with a high degree of spatiotemporal heterogeneity and disordered biological phenotype, likely reflecting mesoscale abnormalities. Therefore, there is an urgent need to introduce a new mesoscience paradigm in cancer biology research.

The tumor is one of the threats to children and adolescents' life and health, causing death and reduced quality of life. But there are few studies on them. Improving the survival rate and survival time of patients is our common goal. We reviewed the literature in recent years, and summarized the new progress achieved in terms of chemotherapy regimens, molecular targeted drugs, and immunotherapy, to provide new ideas for the treatment of tumors in children and adolescents.

Results of the random effects model meta-analysis showed that pooled Fisher's Z (Summary Fisher's Z) between FT and HRQOL was .49 (95% CI [.42, .72]), which represented a moderate correlation between FT and HRQOL.

Young women with cancer report having received information about potential treatment-related impact on sex life to a lesser extent than men, and there is also a variation across cancer types. The majority of recipents recalled being informed that there was "some risk" of sex life being affected, see figure below. Routines clarifying when to discuss these issues are recommended to improve sexual health communication with young patients in cancer care.

Gastrointestinal toxicities are common in patients receiving radiotherapy to the pelvis. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional interventions involving dietary counselling on gastrointestinal toxicities in patients receiving pelvic RT.

Routine distress screening for cancer patients is recommended as best practice cancer care. Radiation therapists performing this task were surveyed. Results indicate that although they see this as an important part of patient care, current barriers including the process, lack of confidence, knowledge and education make it difficult to perform this role.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk of developing a second primary malignancy (SPM) in oral tongue cancer (OTC) patients, and identify the characteristics and survival outcomes of OTC patients with an SPM. Patients with first primary OTC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database, and were further divided into the only one primary malignancy (OOPM) group and SPM group. Baseline characteristics and survival outcomes between patients in two groups were compared. Furthermore, a Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model was utilized to investigate the cumulative risk of developing an SPM in OTC patients. Then, a multivariate competing - risk model was performed to explore risk predictors. Patients in the SPM group had older age and lower tumor stage than those in the OOPM group. Moreover, the proportion of receiving surgery in the SPM group was significantly higher than that in the OOPM group. Lung was the most common site of SPMs in whole patients. In male patients, the second common site of SPMs was prostate, while in female patients, it was female breast. OTC patients with an SPM of lung and bronchus had the worst overall survival. Finally, older age, male sex, primary site of ventral surface and anterior 2/3 of tongue, localized diseases, and the administration of surgery were considered as risk predictors of developing an SPM in OTC patients. OTC survivors had high risk of developing an SPM, and subsequent malignancy was an important COD. Careful monitoring is warranted in OTC survivors due to the high SPM - specific mortality.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are emerging as adjuvant therapy for patients with high-risk resectable malignant tumors, by prolonging overall survival and reducing disease recurrence. The present study provides the safety profile of deaths and adverse events in four approved ICIs. Comprehensively, nivolumab and atezolizumab were likely to be the safest agents.

• Primary or local tumor ablation following local therapy (such as radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and cryoablation) causes the release of damage-associated molecular proteins and tumor-associated antigens, which are then presented to dendritic cells (antigen-presenting cells) and results in the development of a systemic antitumor immune response, or “abscopal effect.”

• However, the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment blocks the antitumor immune response through several mechanisms, including the immune checkpoint mechanism (programmed death-1, programmed death ligand-1, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4) and the overexpression of immunosuppressive cells myeloid-derived T-regulatory cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages, and so on.

• The use of immunotherapy can be used to treat these immune suppression mechanisms. Therefore, local therapy and immunotherapy combined have been proven to provide an effective abscopal impact. Immune-related adverse effects, however, can result from immunotherapy. Determining the precise sort of immunosuppressive mechanism and using specialized immunotherapy can combat these drawbacks. This can be achieved by using a nanotheranostic method, in which nanoparticles are loaded with prognostic biomarkers and predictive biomarkers, and to develop a strategy that could be multifaceted and address all potential obstacles that slow the abscopal impact.