The combination of low-consumption microfluidic chips and high-sensitivity biosensors enables rapid and accurate detection of complex target analytes. This integrated system holds significant potential for applications in disease diagnosis, health monitoring, and treatment management. There remain challenges facing the clinical application of microfluidic biosensors.

Antimicrobial susceptibility analysis of clinical Eggerthella lenta isolates. This study reviewed 36 E. lenta isolates from the bloodstream and abdominal fluids (2018–2024). Identification methods included VITEK 2 ANC, MALDI-TOF, and 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using agar dilution followed CLSI and EUCAST guidelines. The isolates showed resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and other antibiotics, while remaining sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, moxifloxacin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, and vancomycin. Created in BioRender. Tang, B. (2025).

Rare infectious diseases are infections that are uncommon, have a low incidence, and are caused by newly emerging pathogens, cross-species or ectopic infections, or host immunodeficiencies. The detection and diagnosis of rare infections is one of the main reasons for misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. This text summarize the definition and clinical significance importance of rare infectious diseases as well as the current detection methods, limitations, and future research areas for their detection.

A reporter phage T4::Nluc was constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system combined with homologous recombination and was applied for the detection of clinical Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections (UTIs). T4::Nluc exhibited superior sensitivity and specificity, and had a short detection time, making it a powerful tool for diagnosing UTIs.

We developed an on-site detection platform for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) based on the IS1081 gene. The platform utilizes real-time multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification (mRPA) to achieve a reaction time of less than 30 min. The results are presented as fluorescence signals that can be interpreted with the naked eye or using a user-friendly smartphone application via wireless connection under a portable and low-cost constant Hpod heater.

The detection rate of enzymatic recombinase amplification (ERA) was better than that of the rapid diagnostic test. The ERA assay was more convenient than fluorescence quantitative PCR. The ERA assay can be used as a complementary tool for malaria screening and clinical diagnosis.

This research presents a method based on nanopore targeted sequencing (NTS) with pathogen-specific panels for testing infective endocarditis (IE) and myocarditis. The NTS achieved a detection limit of 20 copies/test for the IE target panel and 10 copies/test for the myocarditis target panel. Compared with conventional culture methods, this method demonstrated a clinical performance of 85.0% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity using 74 clinical specimens from patients associated with IE.

This study reports the first clinical use of a single-cell metabolic labeling probe for tuberculosis for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis, which rapidly and accurately detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid. The patient's satisfactory therapeutic outcome highlights single-cell metabolic labeling probe for tuberculosis's potential as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for low-bacterial-load tuberculosis infections.

Trends and future directions for laboratory medicine in the AI era.

The diagnosis of hyperuricemia primarily relies on the detection of serum uric acid (SUA) levels; however, established reference intervals for SUA in large cohort populations remain lacking. This study collected serum samples from six different regions in China, comprising a total of 9314 valid samples. We established SUA reference intervals across multiple dimensions, including sex, age groups, and geographical regions.

SYN expression in patients with gastric cancer is correlated with the degree of differentiation and Lauren's typing. The prognosis of SYN-positive gastric cancer patients is worse than that of SYN-negative patients.

The expression pathway of COX and the downstream mechanism of PGE. M: muscarinic receptor; PL: phospholipid; PLA2: phospholipase A2; AA: arachidonic acid; EP1: prostaglandin E1 receptor; EP2: prostaglandin E2 receptor; EP3: prostaglandin E3 receptor; EP4: prostaglandin E4 receptor.