The aim was to compare 24-h glucose profiles and insulin sensitivity in 44 adult participants with overweight or obesity completing a 12-week behavioral intervention based on early time restricted eating plus daily caloric restriction (E-TRE+DCR) or DCR alone. After adjusting for weight loss from the intervention, there were no between-group differences in changes in overall average sensor glucose, standard deviation of glucose levels, the coefficient of variation of glucose levels, daytime or nighttime average sensor glucose, fasting glucose, insulin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance, or hemoglobin A1c although mean amplitude of glycemic excursions changed differently over time between the two groups, with a greater reduction found in the DCR as compared toE-TRE+DCR (p = 0.03). Because the study sample included participants with normal baseline mean glucose profiles and insulin sensitivity, the ability to detect changes in these outcomes may have been limited.

Characteristics of very low-calorie diet (VLCD) users in Australia, and the associations of these with program success, weight loss, quality of life and health are unknown. Regular and intermittent users had different characteristics for quality of life, self reported success, mental health and self efficacy. This study provides real-world evidence that regular VLCD users had greater success and weight loss than intermittent program users who may inform program design.

This study developed and tested a rule-based algorithm for automating the detection and severity of obesity using patients’ height and weight collected in Electronic Medical Records (EMR). The final model to identify obesity within EMRs resulted in a sensitivity of 92.9%, specificity of 98.4%, positive predictive value of 96.7%, negative predictive value of 96.6%, and F1 score of 94.8%. This could allow large-scale analyses using obesity that were previously not possible.

This study adds to the current body of evidence supporting the clinical effectiveness of liraglutide for weight reduction in patients with obesity, particularly in those regaining weight following SG. Our finding of statistically significant differences in weight loss across age groups underscores the importance of considering patient selection for treatment.

Since obesity and poor fitness appear to be unfavorable for both cardiovascular health and coping with viral infections such as COVID-19, they are of specific interest in light of the increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory events now seen after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The high hazards of adverse outcomes seen over the first two months after being hospitalized with COVID-19 were present across all body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) categories and declined rapidly but were still elevated after 6 months. Irrespective of BMI and fitness, men with COVID-19 without hospitalization were more likely to die within the first two months after infection.

During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, children reported decreases in physical activity and increases in sedentary behavior. One year after the pandemic physical activity, engagement had not recovered from these declines. However, decreases in sedentary behaviors were observed, suggesting that there were more opportunities for children to reduce sedentary behavior during this time, but barriers to physical activity remained.

Obesity is independently associated with worse patient outcomes in COVID-19 hospitalizations, with higher mortality and rates of mechanical ventilation.

Overweight and obesity are common conditions associated with multiple adverse outcomes. This study found that it is possible to predict the development of many adverse outcomes associated with overweight and obesity. Traditional statistical models achieved similar accuracy to machine learning-based models while facilitating interpretability.

Obesity and metabolic syndrome are independent frailty risk factors in middle-aged and older adults; however, the influence of metabolic syndrome components (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) diminishes with age. Weight loss of up to 10% over a period of 5 years prevented the development of frailty in the population with overweight/obesity and diabetes.

Compared to BMI, Lipid Accumulation Product and Visceral Adiposity Index are better predictors of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in a population from central Iran.

Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) was significantly increased in subjects with obesity and was associated with lipid accumulation in liver. There was also a direct relationship between ATGL and markers of insulin resistance, including insulin and HOMA-IR. ATGL inhibition abolished the expression of inflammatory cytokines.

By evaluating patient-preferred treatment options and factors influencing them, treatment adherence and efficacy can be improved. This study found that the factors which influence decisions around treatment options for obesity complications include structural factors of healthcare setting, autonomy, interaction with formal care, and emotional and physical consequences of obesity. These challenges can be addressed by increasing support for healthcare professionals toward enhancing both their knowledge and the health literacy of patients. Future research on health policy should focus on improving access to treatment pathways for patients as well as developing health literacy programs and educational programs for healthcare professionals.

This was a retrospective cohort study looking at a full meal replacement intensive lifestyle intervention at a community weight management clinic. Cohorts were divided either entirely by in person care or entirely by virtual care. Weight loss from virtual care was not significantly different from person.

No significant difference between patients seeking body contouring procedures and those not seeking body contouring procedures was found with regard to depressive symptoms, self-esteem, and body image. Patients who had already undergone body contouring procedures scored lower on depressive symptoms (p = 0.035) and reported feeling more attractive (p < 0.001) and less insecure (p = 0.030) than patients who had not yet undergone body contouring procedures but sought it. Satisfaction with the result of the body contouring procedures was associated with lower depression levels (p < 0.001), higher self-esteem (p < 0.001) and a more positive body-image (p < 0.001).

We demonstrated a non-linear association between the adipose tissue and long pentraxin-3 levels. This may explain the inconsistent findings in the prior literature evaluating this association. This association can now be used to justify additional investigations into whether long pentraxin-3 could mediate the association between adiposity and cardiovascular, lung injury, or cancer.

This is a registry-based cohort study exploring the impact of obesity on pregnancy outcomes. The results showed that women suffering from Class IV obesity in Qatar are at a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cesarean delivery, and neonatal morbidity during their pregnancies compared to women in the normal or overweight categories.

This study provides evidence for the potential usefulness of incorporating AOM into comprehensive lifestyle programs that include TMR for patients with obesity. This information can assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions regarding the use of AOM as part of weight loss interventions.

Obesity-related cancers in the 16 SADC countries is quite prominent but the time trends in mortality are unknown. We analyzed data obtained from the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases Study. For males in 2019, mortality rates for leukaemia, oesophageal, colon/rectum cancer were the most prominent, whereas for females, breast cancer, leukaemia, oesophageal cancers had the top mortality rates. Future studies should tease out the intersection of obesity, different types of cancers (especially for breast cancer in females, and leukaemia, oesophageal, colon/rectum cancer in both sexes), and risk factors in the environment such as industrial pollution, air and water pollution as well as climate change.

Clinically significant weight change is common in moderate to severe chronic kidney disease but has no relationship to baseline kidney function. Clinically significant weight change in those with overweight or obesity and chronic kidney disease is associated with higher mortality and worse renal outcomes, but this relationship is likely due to confounding.

Using current US national survey data, we find that increasing overweight (OW) and obesity are significantly associated with increasing burdens in obesity-related comorbidities, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), mobility, productivity, and disability. Weight loss attempts increase with OW and obesity but do not result in clinically meaningful weight loss, while very few survey respondents reported prescription anti-obesity medication (AOMs) use in the previous 12 months. Better use of existing evidence-based obesity treatments may achieve more clinically meaningful weight reduction and improve health and economic outcomes in individuals with OW and obesity.

The World Trade Center disaster rescue workers and other responders continue to bear the burden of multiple co-morbidities, including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, systemic inflammation, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study describes the findings of a pilot randomized controlled trial assessing the feasibility of a nutrition intervention, focusing on the Mediterranean diet pattern to reduce weight and systemic inflammation among World Trade Center responders with overweight/obesity and PTSD. The study was feasible with high participant retention and satisfaction. Nutrition programming contributed to diet improvement, reduction of weight, waist circumference, body mass index, lipid and inflammatory biomarkers, and PTSD symptoms.

People with physical disabilities (PWD) have an increased risk of obesity and related comorbidities compared with people without physical disabilities (PWoD). Previously identified contributors to weight loss maintenance pose challenges to PWD. This article explores weight history of PWD enrolled in the International Weight Control Registry to compare weight management efforts between PWD and PWoD.

In our study, with 10-year follow-up data, we find that bariatric surgery (BS) is associated with lower follow-up cost from Year 2 to Year 9 compared with a matched cohort. We believe that the lower cost in the surgery group is mainly due to newer, safer bariatric surgeries and lower medication spending. This study can provide guidance to policy makers, researchers, and clinicians to make informed decisions regarding long-term cost benefits associated with BS. It can also help payors and employers understand the benefits of covering BS.

This was a prospective cohort study that investigated whether glycemic variability makers: 1-h plasma glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring derived measurements of glucose variability reflected dysglycemia after weight loss from metabolic and bariatric surgery. Individuals with and without type 2 diabetes who underwent weight loss by sleeve gastrectomy (SG) were recruited. At 6 months, SG caused 22% weight loss in both groups. Despite the marked reduction in HbA1c in the diabetes-group, glycemic variability markers remained elevated when compared with the non-diabetes group. The oral disposition index, which represents pancreatic β-cell function, remained reduced in the dīiabetes-group after SG. Our results suggest that glycemic variability markers and disposition index reflect glycemic status better than HbA1c after metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Study information presented in recruitment materials is an understudied factor that could lead to sampling bias, especially in the context of weight research. This study experimentally manipulated the phrasing of weight-related information included in recruitment materials and examined its impact on participants' characteristics. We found that providing detailed information about study procedures allows participants to have more autonomy over their participation without affecting participant characteristics.

Changes in body weight and cardiometabolic biomarkers were evaluated at 6-month after initiating treatment with semaglutide 2.4 mg in a real-world setting in the United States using data from the IQVIA Ambulatory Electronic Medical Record linked to Longitudinal Access and Adjudication Data. The study found that a 6-month use of semaglutide 2.4 mg resulted in a 10% decrease in weight and a reduction of 10.5 kg in adult participants with overweight/obesity. Nearly two-thirds of patients with prediabetes or diabetes reverted to normoglycemia, and statistically significant reductions in total cholesterol and triglycerides were also observed.

This service evaluation showed the efficacy of the Roczen program in public sector workers living with overweight and obesity.

In this study, researchers examined the prescription medication dispensing changes in Australians aged 45 years and over who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. Medication patterns were analyzed in different categories before and after surgery in a group of 847 bariatric surgery patients. The study found significant reductions in both unique medications and total medications dispensed after sleeve gastrectomy, particularly in categories related to diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal disorders, suggesting that sleeve gastrectomy can be an effective therapeutic intervention for patients with comorbidities requiring multiple medications.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were linked to weight cycling among a treatment-seeking sample of overweight/obesity. Specifically, participants endorsing four or more ACEs were 8 times more likely to report weight cycling.