Through simulations and experiments on the top seeded solution growth of SiC, the effect of temperature gradient near the crystal-melt interface is evaluated considering the surface morphology, the crystal quality, the polytype stability, and the dislocation density. A small temperature gradient near the crystal is found to make stable conditions for growing SiC crystals.

A chemiresistive sensor based on n-WO₃(a larger workfunction material) decorated on n-ZnO nanorods (a smaller workfunction material) shows that its response to a reducing gas such as CO is stronger than its response to oxidizing gases like O₂, NO₂, Cl₂, SO₂, and CO₂. The sensing mechanism of the WO₃-decorated n-ZnO NR sensor is also discussed in detail.

The new Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C synthesis method is developed that adds carbon black in Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ precursor preparation process. The synthesized Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃/C has the same crystal structure regardless of the amount of C, but the cycle and rate performances are improved. By coating the surface of the Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ with nanocarbons, the electron conductivity of the Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ is improved, which improves the rate performance.

Highly uniform and monodispersed CuCo₂S₄ ball-in-ball hollow nanospheres (HNSs) are successfully synthesized from CuCo-glycerate nanospheres (NSs) via a facile two-step solvothermal process. Impressively, CuCo₂S₄ ball-in-ball HNSs show high capacitance (442 F g⁻¹ at current density of 0.5 A g⁻¹) and superior electrochemical stability (84.5% at 5 A g⁻¹ after 5000 cycles), which can realize high-performance materials for supercapacitors.

A large field-induced strain of 0.37% with a normalized strain d*₃₃ of 542 pm V⁻¹ is observed for x = 0.005. The findings of present work suggests that for large strain response, not only suitable chemical modifier is important, but the selection of the base composition also play a crucial role.

In this study, the authors trace the elemental composition change of a rare earth containing glass material upon conversion into nano sized particles by laser ablation process. The results indicates the careful choice of laser power and laser beam size can either preserve the elemental composition of bulk materials or separate rare earth elements from bulk materials.

Various nano- to micro scale patterns of iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) are fabricated by UV imprint lithography. The physical properties, such as XRD, of nanoparticles using Fe₂O₃ functional resin and the optical properties of the Fe₂O₃ patterns are investigated. Finally, the patterns composited of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles are applied to the field of photoanode.

Highly transparent single-side subwavelength structures (SWSs) on soda lime glass for low-cost antireflective applications are experimentally demonstrated. Various SWSs are fabricated simply using the silver ink and RIE process. The fabricated SWSs have different periods and optical properties depending on the silver ink ratio. Efficiency of the PV module with SWSs-integrated coverglass exhibits 5.81% efficiency improvement compared to one without coverglass.

The objective of the present study is to evaluate and compare the effects of an IM layer (SiO₂/TiO₂) on the optical spectra and color variation in the case of MTO/Ag/MTO films with and without the SiO₂/TiO₂ layers. Prior to the experiment, the Essential Macleod program is adopted to simulate and predict optical properties such as transmittance, reflectance, and color variation.

In this work, an optimized post-deposition heat treatment method is investigated to improve the electrical, optical, and structural properties of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films applied to transparent electrodes in next-generation displays. The electrical, optical, and structural characteristics of the thin film are analyzed to evaluate the effect of microwave annealing (MWA) on the ITO film, comparing to conventional heating methods.

Fe₃O₄/SWCNT composites is prepared through a co-arc discharge method followed by thermal annealing. A well-integrated Fe₃O₄/SWCNT composite is showed strong reflection loss of −36.9 dB at 10.5 GHz and a wide effective bandwidth of 5.5 GHz. This economical approach produce the light weight absorbers with effective microwave absorption performance.

In this work, adsorption of methylene blue is reported by using WO₃ nanorods synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal methods. WO₃ adsorbent shows the maximum adsorption capacity of 64.15 mg g⁻¹ for the synthesis condition of 150 °C. However, it decreases for the synthesis condition of 210 °C due to a decrease of specific surface area, which is consistent with Langmuir adsorption model.

Citrate-capped magnetites (cit-Fe₃O₄) are synthesized by co-precipitation, and the cit-Fe₃O₄ is calcined at different temperatures under N₂ flow. A comprehensive electrochemical study indicates that after 80 cycles iron oxides calcined at 700 °C exhibits higher reversible capacity by 150–200% than those of iron oxides calcined at 500 and 600 °C, due to enhanced crystallinity at higher calcination temperature.

The crystal structure and electric properties of PbZrO₃-PbTiO₃-Bi(Zn_2/3Nb_1/3)O₃ ternary solid solutions with the composition near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region are studied. The addition of Bi(Zn_2/3Nb_1/3)O₃ broadens the MPB region of the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system and leads to a gradually curved MPB line in the phase diagram. Good electromechanical properties are found in the ternary MPB region.

By mounting a cluster source on a conventional sputtering system, a new sputtering system is devised for the deposition of nanoporous metal thin films at room temperature. The Raman response characteristics according to the process conditions are then analyzed, and the applicability of the sputtered thin film as a substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is examined.

The perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) consisting of ITO/ZnO/MAPbI₃ (CH₃NH₃PbI₃)/spiro-OMeTAD/Ag structures show an external quantum efficiency of 0.2% at bias voltage of 3 V (at 766 nm) and reverse breakdown voltage of −5.4 V. The poor output efficiency is explained in terms of parasitic shunt path (possibly through pinholes in the perovskite) and accelerated Joule-heating under high bias.

The 0.25 wt.%Ru/Co₃O₄ sensor exhibits a good p-type response of ≈30 to 100 ppm C₂H₅OH, short response time (0.08 s), good recovery time (a few minutes) and high C₂H₅OH selectivity against H₂S, H₂, NH₃, NO₂, and SO₂.

Silicon-on-insulation layers are fabricated on silicon solar cells by a gaseous nitrogen ion beam implantation with different ion implantation energies. These ultrathin insulation layers prevent the carrier reduction from the emitter layer. The cell implanted with the energy of 20 keV shows improved electroluminescence and short circuit current density.

The influence of degree of protonation on the photophysical properties of polyaniline (PANI) films are investigated. The degree of protonation of PANI is controlled by dedoping with various concentrations of ammonia solution. The electric conductivity and photocurrent of the PANI film decreases upon dedoping. The photovoltage responses with corresponding wavelengths are consistent with the absorbance of the substance.

Non-toxic Cu₂O QDs-apoferritin are synthesized in the cavity of cage-shaped apoferritin. When the Cu₂O QDs-apoferritin are conjugated with dopamine, fluorescence quenching occurs, and the PL intensity exhibits a linear relationship with dopamine concentration in the range of 0.25–10 × 10^–6 M. Moreover, Cu₂O QDs-apoferritin have good selectivity for dopamine over gamma-aminobutyric acid, histamine, and ascorbic acid.

The interface state density (N_ss) values of Si/β-FeSi₂ heterojunctions are 3.48 × 10¹² eV⁻¹ cm⁻² at 5 kHz and 4.68 × 10¹¹ eV⁻¹ cm⁻² at 1 MHz. Their series resistance (R_s) values at zero bias are 2.21 kΩ at 5 kHz and 13.66 Ω at 1 MHz. The existence of R_s and N_ss is the cause of deteriorated heterojunction properties.

The BCZT ceramics with small amount of Co and Fe doping are investigated. Both dopants show similar effects on the reduction of grain size, ferroelectric hysteresis loop and the temperature of the dielectric maxima (T_c). However, the higher piezoelectric constant is observed for Co-doped sample which is thought to be due to the inherent difference in valency and defects present.

Porous Fe₃O₄ nanospheres composed of primary spherical nanocrystals are prepared through one-pot solvothermal method by gas-bubble assisted Ostwald ripening process. The porosity is controlled via tuning the amount of urea in the reaction process. Strong reflection loss of −49.2 dB at 11.9 GHz is observed for highly porous Fe₃O₄ nanospheres. This study reveals the effect of porosity on microwave absorption.

The authors investigate effects of precursor concentration on dimensional size, defect state, and gas sensing performance of MoS₂ sheets synthesized by hydrothermal method with various precursor concentrations in fixed HCl solution. The results demonstrate that the morphology and defect state of MoS₂ played a key role in the sensing behavior for NO₂.