Crystal Research and Technology

This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of recent advances and challenges in the computational simulations of calcium phosphate nucleation, which is a fundamental process in biomineralization. This study proposes that the combination of multi-scale computational methods, machine learning algorithm and experimental validation may enable a more complete understanding of the nucleation process.

Nickel-doped $$C{o_3}{O_4}$$ layers are synthesized by spray pyrolysis on glass substrates, improving the efficiency of SLG/Mo/ $$C{o_3}{O_4}:$$ Ni/ZnS/ITO/Al solar cells. Structural and optical characterizations confirm the cubic spinel phase, enhanced absorbance, and porous morphology. The 2% Ni-doped film shows optimal performance, with SCAPS-1D simulations indicating a maximum efficiency of 9.89%.

Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) is a widely used industrial material valued for its ease of processing and functional versatility. This study explores how citric acid, succinic acid, and polyacrylamide additives influence the crystal structure, morphology, filtration characteristics, and thermal behavior of CSH, offering insights into the precise control of its properties through additive-assisted hydrothermal synthesis.

This work measures the phase diagrams of Li₂SO₄-Na₂SO₄-H₂O over a wide temperature range, enabling efficient separation of sodium sulfate and enrichment of lithium sulfate in solution. Experimental data are combined with thermodynamic simulations to predict phase behavior accurately. The results offer insights into optimizing salt recovery processes, critical for lithium extraction and sustainable resource utilization.