Modifying the centromeric histone CENH3 or PHOSPHOLIPASE D genes in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) created haploid induction lines, which can be widely used for in vivo haploid induction in cauliflower, kale, and broccoli, thus enabling rapid utilization of germplasm resources and improving breeding efficiency.

In rice, DWARF 53 directly binds to the promoters of seven phenylalanine ammonia lyase genes, OsPAL1˜OsPAL7, and represses their expression, leading to decreased lignin accumulation and compromised resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae.

This review summarizes the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between fruit ripening and susceptibility/resistance to microbial pathogens and considers strategies for improving fruit quality, with tomato as a model for fleshy fruit-pathogen interactions, and relevant information from many other plant species.

In rice, the prime editor PE6c, with an evolved and engineered reverse transcriptase variant from the yeast Tf1 retrotransposon, yielded the highest editing efficiency. Moreover, using two reverse transcriptase modules improved prime-editing efficiency.

The halotolerant Bacillus sp. strain RA tolerates saline environments by reprogramming its biosynthetic pathways and mitigate salt stress in tomato by affecting phyllosphere microorganisms through myo-inositol.

Light-stabilized GRAVITROPIC IN THE LIGHT 1 inhibits the negative gravitropism of hypocotyls by suppressing the activity of the auxin transporter PIN-FORMED 3, thereby enhancing the emergence of young seedlings from the soil.

Membrane sphingolipids affect cell elongation by influencing microtubule arrangement, and membrane lipids and the cytoskeleton interact in morphogenesis of the polar, elongated cotton fiber.

Green light regulates atypical photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana via the dual regulations of phytochromes B and A. Although green light activates phyB and phyA, green light retards protein body formation of phyB in the nucleus and decreases the protein levels of phyA.

The red-light photoreceptor phytochrome B interacts with and stabilizes the B-box protein BBX9 in the light. BBX9 forms a negative feedback loop with PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) and a positive feedback loop with BBX21, ultimately suppressing PIF activity and enhancing BBX21 activity, thus promoting photomorphogenesis.

In wheat (Triticum aestivum) GRAIN WIDTH 2 (TaGW2) interacts with SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING-LIKE 14 (TaSPL14) and mediates its ubiquitination and degradation, simultaneously regulating wheat tillering and grain weight; their combinational haplotypes have additive effects on tiller number and grain weight in wheat breeding.

Rice (Oryza sativa) BIG TILLER ANGLE 2 (BTA2) controls tiller angle and the shoot gravity response by modulating auxin content and distribution. BTA2 interacts with AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 to regulate rice tiller angle through the gravity signaling pathway.

Under Pi deficiency, the soybean low-Pi responsive transcription factor ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6-LIKE2 transcriptionally upregulates two vacuolar Pi efflux transporter genes, leading to the remobilization of Pi stored in the vacuole to enable root hair growth.

Rice stripe mosaic virus infection delays rice heading by manipulating the expression of a heading-related E3 ubiquitin ligase gene, creating a conducive environment for the overwintering of the insect vector (leafhoppers) and the viruses.

In rice, the protein phosphatase OsPP2C41 dephosphorylates the ONAC transcription factor MNAC3, facilitating its translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm and suppressing its transcriptional activity on downstream target genes OsINO80 and OsJAZ10, which negatively regulate immunity, thus modulating rice immunity against blast disease.

A pair of Arabidopsis NUCLEAR FACTOR Y transcription factors act in jasmonate signaling and disease resistance by positively regulating transcription of jasmonate-responsive genes and negatively regulating the abundance of JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN proteins.

In rice cells, the myosin protein OsMYA1 drives defense-related secretory vesicle transport in response to infection with the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. OsMYA1 guides directional transport of the exocyst subunit OsExo70H1 and SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS 121 to the cell membrane and fungus-host interface to build plant defenses.