Highlights

• The best model of care to retard diabetes kidney disease (DKD) in the clinic is currently underexplored.
• Multidisciplinary endocrinology and nephrology care in the DKD clinic is associated with a lower risk of end-stage renal disease.

Highlights

• Correlations of glycated albumin, fructosamine, and HbA1c with fasting glucose were all lower at more severe stages of chronic kidney disease stages in older adults with diagnosed diabetes.
• Our data suggest that the limitations of HbA1c may not be overcome by glycated albumin or fructosamine in the setting of chronic kidney disease.

Highlights

• Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors significantly improved HbA1c levels at 12 weeks in both non-dialysis and dialysis patients, compared with 24 weeks in dialysis patients.
• Mean HbA1c changes induced by DPP-4 inhibitors were equivalent to those induced by sulfonylureas at 52 or 54 weeks.
• However, DPP-4 inhibitors induced fewer symptomatic hypoglycemic events than sulfonylureas at 52 or 54 weeks.

Highlights

• Diabetic conditions elevated expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) 2.
• Diabetic conditions elevated expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1).
• The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, liraglutide, is an inhibited STAT3/JAK2 expression, possibly through SIRT1 signaling.

Highlights

• A retrospective cohort study of preoperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and HBV and HCV coinfection was conducted to determine their effects on new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) among Chinese kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).
• Preoperative HCV infection was significantly correlated with the risk of NODAT.
• Preoperative HBV and HBV plus HCV coinfection did not independently increase the risk of NODAT.

Highlights

• Despite the proven effectiveness of lipid management in reducing diabetes-related complications, there are major treatment gaps, especially in Asian patients with young-onset diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• Given the propensity of Asian patients with diabetes to develop CKD and the amplifying effect of CKD on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, the timely use of statins in Asian patients is particularly important.
• There is an urgent need for Asian countries to review and align their lipid-lowering treatment guidelines to reduce the burden of diabetes in Asia.

Highlights

• Following reversal of ureteral obstruction, diabetes mellitus results in exaggerated early alterations in glomerular hemodynamic and tubular function, as well as in size selectivity dysfunction of both small and large pores of the glomerular filtration barrier.
• This was accompanied by a more severe residual dysfunction of large pores, indicating a more ominous outcome in diabetic kidneys following ureteral obstruction.

Highlights

• Appropriate insulin dose required for maintaining good glycemic control were assessed in patients with type 1 diabetes.
• Glycemic control did not depend on the total daily insulin dose; rather, the ratio of basal:  bolus insulin is important.
• To achieve an HbA1c concentration ≤7.5%, the total daily insulin dose (TDD) should be based on body weight, and the total basal insulin dose as a percentage of TDD should be set at 30% in the Japanese population.

Highlights

• Diabetic rats exhibit significantly more intense dabigatran-induced anticoagulation that does not seem to be solely related to altered kidney function.
• Plasma cholesterol significantly affects dabigatran-induced anticoagulation in this setting.
• These findings could explain the similar benefits of dabigatran in reducing ischemic stroke compared with warfarin in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, despite the significantly higher intrinsic thrombotic risk in the former, as well as the lack of benefit of reducing major bleeding in diabetic patients.

Highlights

• The aqueous leaf extract of P. sapota and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles play an important role in regulating glucose metabolism.
• Determining the role of P. sapota leaf extract in regulating glucose metabolism will provide new insights into the treatment of diabetes, as well as the role of silver nanoparticles in curbing the disease.

Highlights

• There is a lack of published real-world evidence regarding longitudinal changes in Diabetes Complications Severity Index (DCSI) scores among people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), including how the level of glycemic control at the time of diagnosis may affect DCSI score progression.
• This study evaluated such outcomes over an 11-year period in a very large cohort of patients with newly diagnosed T2D (n = 32 174), with data drawn from electronic health records from a large US integrated healthcare system.
• These are the first known data to demonstrate that worsening or persistently poor glycemic control, but not baseline glycemic control, is associated with increasing DCSI score over time.