The double carbonylation of iodobenzene and diethylamine proceeds smoothly in the presence of Pd/C and carbon monoxide to afford the corresponding α-keto amide in good yields with excellent selectivity. In addition, other aryl iodides and secondary amines also react under similar conditions to form α-keto amides in good yields.

Two chiral stationary phases (CSP), phenylisocyanate teicoplanin CSP (Ph-TE), and 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate teicoplanin CSP (DMP-TE) were prepared from the macrocyclic glycopeptide teicoplanin CSP (TE) using derivative agents, phenyl isocyanate or 3,5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate, respectively. The evaluation and comparison of these two self-made CSP were performed using HPLC enantiomeric separations in two different mobile phase modes. Twelve racemic analytes, including eight amino acids and four non-amino acid compounds reached enantioseparation using the RPLC mobile phase and six amino alcohols reached enantiomeric separation using the PO mobile phase. Because of similar structure, the Ph-TE and DMP-TE have similar chiral separation ability.

Carboxyl-functionalized cubane-like photocyclodimer 2 was reacted with a series of aromatic amines 3 for understanding the reactivity of this unique system. Spectroscopic and X-ray crystal structural analyses demonstrate that N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) is reactive toward 2 affording stable 4 with a well-retained cubane-like structure. With the assistance of DCC, mono- and diacyl-substituted photocyclodimers of 2-naphthalene (5 and 6) have also been achieved in reasonable yields in addition to the formation of 4. Subtle change in electronic properties of the series of aromatic amines 3 modulates the reactivity and product distribution remarkably.

The pseudo-steady state polarization curves of the electro-oxidation of hydrazine CHM-GC electrode at a number of hydrazine concentrations are presented in the left figure. The oxidation process was found to begin at nearly 470 mV (vs. SCE) and to reach a plateau at 605 mV (vs. SCE), while the oxygen evolution starts at still higher potentials. In the course of reaction the coverage of Co(IV) increases and reaches a saturation (steady state) level and the oxidation current follows accordingly.

The thixotropic and viscoelastic properties of the complex suspension made up of hydrotalcite-like compound (HTlc)- sodium montmorillonite (MT) suspensions have been studied carefully. Two kinds of Fe-Mg-Al-HTlc systems have been examined, and from sample 1 to sample 2, the content of Mg²⁺ enhances gradually while the ratio of Al to Fe remains constant. With increasing the content of Mg²⁺ in the HTlc samples, the results of the creep tests and the stress sweep experiments all indicate that the structure strength of the HTlc/MT suspension rises. Moreover, the hysterisis loops have been detected carefully, showing that the thixotropic degree increases with increasing the Mg²⁺ content. It was concluded that the rheological properties could be adjusted by the change of the metal content.

Both current and potential oscillations have been observed in the electrochemical oxidation of thiocyanate on a Pt electrode. Cyclic voltammetry measure- ments illustrate that the oxidation process is through a two-step mechanism.

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) measurements of sexithiophene (6T) were carried out according to the Pt/6T/M sandwich structure configuration, for various electrode materials (M=GC, ITO, Ag, Cu, Al) and for different doping levels of copper chloride (CuCl₂). The results demonstrate that two types of charge transport are involved in the redox process at the electrode/6T interface and inside the bulk oligomer. The complex-plane impedance plots obtained for various doping levels of CuCl₂ exhibit arc shapes. The charge-transfer resistance measured from the diagrams decreases systematically with the addition of the salt, leading to an increase of the oligothiophene conductivity.

n-Phenylpropane cation C₉H₁₂^+· serves as a prototype to investigate the reaction mechanisms of alkylbenzene cations. The decomposition reactions of C₉H₁₂^+· system have been studied extensively at the B3LYP/6-311++G∗︁∗︁ level with Gaussian 98 program package. The reaction mechanism show C₉H₁₂^+·→C₇H₇⁺ +C₂H₅^·, which is thermodynamically most favorable.

1-Amino-1-hydrazino-2,2-dinitroethylene (AHDNE) has no melting point, and its thermal behavior can be divided into two conterminous intensely exothermic decomposition stages. The peak temperatures are 112.95 and 133.73 °C at the heating rate of 5.0 °C·min⁻¹, respectively. The whole enthalpy of exothermic decomposition reaction of AHDNE is about 1785.4 J·g⁻¹, and the non-isothermal kinetic equation of the first exothermic decomposition reaction of AHDNE is dα/dT=10^19.29(1−α)exp(−1.88×10⁴/T)/β.

The molar heat capacities of 4-(aminomethyl)benzoic acid were measured over the temperature range from 80 to 400 K by adibadic calorimetry. The heat capacity curve was smooth and no any thermal anomaly was observed, which means that the compound is stable in this temperature range. Heat capacity data (J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹) were fitted to a polynomial equation: C_p,m=162.01+91.771X+6.4372X²+1.7517X³−4.991X⁴+8.909X⁵+1.585X⁶, X= (T−235)/155. The ststandard enthalpy of formation of the compound was determined to be −(420±5) kJ·mol⁻¹, through combustion calorimetry.

Sm_1.5Sr_0.5MO₄ (M=Ni, Co, Fe) (SSM) was prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD measurements. Ammonia was synthesized from wet hydrogen and desiccated nitrogen by electrochemistry at atmospheric pressure and low temperature. The Sm_1.5Sr_0.5NiO₄ (SSN) was the better cathode catalyst than Sm_1.5Sr_0.5CoO₄ (SSC) and Sm_1.5Sr_0.5FeO₄ (SSF) in ammonia synthesis by electrochemistry.

The interaction of MEQ with BSA has been investigated by flourscence spectroscopic method. The thermodynamic parameters, such as ΔG, ΔH, ΔS, etc., at different temperatures have been calculated. It provides a very simple, fast and exact method for drug research.

At the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G∗︁ level, the IR spectra of the derivatives of HNS were obtained and assigned by vibrational analysis. The calculated and experimental infrared spectra of HNS were compared, and it is found that they were all close, which proves the reliability of theoretical computation. On the basis of the conlusion, the thermodynamic properties were evaluated.

π type lithium bond complexes formed between ethylene, acetylene, or benzene and amido-lithium were studied via DFT-B3LYP and MP2 method at 6-311++G∗︁∗︁ level.

The interfacial properties between methane and water were investigated systemically under hydrate formation conditions. Pressure has a great influence upon the interface tension at higher pressure. Higher pressure and lower temperature corresponded to higher adsorption concentration of methane. The adsorption of methane on water under hydrate formation condition is more preferable than that at 298.2 K.

The ionic mean activity coefficients of NaBr in trehalose-water and cellobiose-water mixtures have been experiment- ally determined at 298.15 K from electrochemical potential measure- ments by an electrochemical cell containing two ion selective electrodes (ISE), together with the activity coefficients of the disaccharides. The parameters C₁ representing the pair interactions between the disaccharides and NaBr have been obtained. The interactions of NaBr with trehalose, cellobiose and glucose were compared and discussed in terms of their difference in the stereo-structures.

In terms of thermodynamic cycle and Glasser's theory of lattice energy for ionic liquid, the dissociation enthalpy of anion [GaCl₄]⁻(g), that is reaction enthalpy of "[GaCl₄]⁻(g) →Ga³⁺(g)+4Cl⁻(g)", ΔH_dis([GaCl₄]⁻)≈5855 kJ·mol⁻¹, was estimated.

Silver nanoparticles solution and redissolving solution of polymer film were prepared with PVA as polymer and sodium borohydride as reducer, respectively. Comparing the UV-Vis spectra of redissolving solution with primary solution, the two curves of absorption spectrum basically tallied.

Coordination polymers of 2,11-dithia[3.3]- paracyclopane (dtpcp) with in situ silver(I) perfluoro-dicarboxylates characterized by single crystal X-ray analysis are described. With disilver(I) tetrafluorosuccinate [(CF₂)_n- (COOAg)₂, n=2], 1D chains of [Ag₄(dtpcp)₃- (C₂F₄(CO₂)₂)₂]·2CH₃OH (1) are given. Changing the silver salt to disilver(I) hexafluoroglutarate [(CF₂)_n(COOAg)₂, n=3] produces a 3D structure with composition of [Ag₂(dtpcp)(C₃F₆(CO₂)₂)] (2). With disilver(I) octafluoroadipate [(CF₂)_n(COOAg)₂, n=4], 2D porous sheets with cavities, in which guest mesitylene molecules are located, are formed.

The rubisco activity decreased gradually with increasing concentration of Pb²⁺.

A continuous cyclic voltammetric study of methyldopa at gold micro electrode was carried out. The drug in phosphate buffer (pH 2.0) is adsorpted at 400 mV, giving rise to change in the current of well-defined oxidation peak of gold in the flow injection system.

This paper successfully synthesized monodisperse Fe₃O₄ nanocrystals with narrow size distribution through thermal decomposition of iron acetylacetonate in octadecene solvent. Surfactants, such as TOPO, SDS, CTAB, PEG, and PVP were used to modulate the particle size and morphology.

It was discovered that chemiluminescence greatly increased when the epinephrine solution was injected into a mixture of [Ag(HIO₆)₂]⁵⁻ and alkaline luminol. Based on this finding, a simple, sensitive and rapid flow-injection analysis CL assay for epinephrine was developed. The limit of detection of this method was 8.0×10⁻¹⁰ mol·L⁻¹ for epinephrine and the RSD was 2.9% for 1.5×10⁻⁸ mol·L⁻¹ epinephrine. Based on the free radical trapping experiment, the mechanism of the reactions was also discussed.

NMR-based metabonomic approach was used to examine rat's urinary response to dosage of triptolide, a major component responsible for the immunosuppressive and anti- inflammatory effects of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. The results are shown by PCA score plot. It was obvious that biochemical variation induced by TP was time-related, and the maximal alteration in metabolite appeared at 16 h later after dosage, and partially recovered 56 h later after dosage.

A novel separation method for aminobenzoic acids by capillary electrophoresis was developed. The capillary was modified with gold nanoparticles. The effect of gold nanoparticles on the resolution and selectivity of separation was investigated. The presence of gold nanoparticle improved the precision of the analysis and increased the separation efficiency. Under the optimized experiment conditions, aminobenzoic acids were separated and determined in a running buffer containing 5 mmol·L⁻¹ sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.236 µmmol·L⁻¹ gold nanoparticles at pH 5.3.

Porous inlet frit in a fused silica capillary could be prepared by sintering stainless steel powders under 500 meshes for about 20 s. The use of such frits or metal meshes in capillary to retain C₁₈ particles was demonstrated to be stable and specially robust with continuous packing over 60 MPa and long chromatographic runs.

The adsorptive ability of some fine powder of polymer adsorbents, viz. polyvinylchloride (PVC), chlorinated rubber (CR), porous polypropylene (PP), chlorinated polypropylene (CPP), and solid paraffin (SP), for chloroform was investigated in terms of their adsorption isotherms in 20% hydrochloric acid solutions at 298.15 K. The adsorptivity of PVC and CR was nearly equivalent to that of active carbon with their saturated adsorption being about 1.4 g-CHCl₃ (g-absorbent)⁻¹, indicating that the commercial polymer powder of PVC or CR can be used as an efficient absorbent for the removal of chloroform from its aqueous solution.

Five bioactive components (ferulic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin, caffeic acid and protocatechuic acid) in Polygonum perfoliatum L. were simultaneously determined by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Effects of several important factors such as pH and concentration of running buffer, separation voltage, injection time and detection potential were investigated to acquire the optimum conditions. This proposed method could be successfully used for the determination of the analytes in Polygonum perfoliatum L. with satisfactory results.

Using vinyl ester resin both as the monomer and the cross-linker, 2,2-azobis(2- methylprnopionitrile) (AIBN) as initiator, poly(vinyl ester resin) monolithic column was prepared to separate the IgG and IgY from human plasma and egg yolk by HPLC respectively. The influence of concentration and pH of mobile phase on the chromatographic performance was investigated. The results suggested that such kind of monolithic column could be used as a simple, cheap, effective method for the separation and purification of IgG. It is a good kind of stationary phase for HPLC.

Various benzo[b][1,8]naphthyridin-2-ones were synthesized by a one-pot tandem reduction-double cyclization from the corresponding (Z)-ethyl 4-cyano-5-(2-nitrophenyl)- pent-4-enoates, which were easily prepared via Johnson-Claisen rearrangement from Baylis-Hillman affixtures of 2-nitrobenzaldehydes. The procedure has the advantages of easy handling and seperation under mild and green conditions, and the overall yields are moderate.

S-Alkylisothiouronium salt as a nontoxic, odorless and simply operational alternative of thiol was reacted with different kinds of epoxides in basic aqueous medium at room temperature affording the β-hydroxy sulfides with high regioselectivity in excellent yields.

The fragmentation behavior of two kinds of heterocyclic compounds was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, which could be convenient for future identification of resembled derivatives.

Site-directed single PEGylation was fulfilled by coupling poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to the specific position in different regions of thymosin α 1 (Tα1) to elucidate the relationship between the PEGylation positions and bioactivity.

Preparation of perchloric acid supported on alumina and its primary application as a solid supported heterogeneous catalyst to the synthesis of α-(α-amidobenzyl)-β-naphthols by a one-pot, three-component condensation of benzaldehydes, β-naphthol and acetamide or benzamide under thermal solvent-free conditions were described. The present methodology offers several advantages such as simple procedure, shorter reaction time, and excellent yields.

Silica-supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA-SiO₂) was found to be an efficient catalyst for the multi-component condensation reaction of benzaldehydes, 2-naphthol, and methyl/benzyl carbamate and to afford the corresponding N-[α-(β-hydroxy-α- naphthyl)(benzyl)] O-alkyl carbamate derivatives in good to excellent yields. This new approach consistently has the advantage of short reaction time, high conversions, clean reaction profiles, and simple experimental and work-up procedures.

The rational designed trimodular probe 2 with three functional groups for target recognition, proximal target cross-linking and distal reporter tag attachment via click chemistry of a photo-stable azido-acetyl group demonstrates specificity, sensitivity, and the potential of general application in activity-based protein profiling for Matrix Metalloprotease.

An efficient environmentally friendly synthesis of poly-substituted pyrimidine has been developed via a four-component, one-pot reaction of malononitrile, carbon disulfide, alkyl halide and S-alkylisothiouronium salt in water at room temperature.

As shown in the scheme, this paper mainly studied the molecular dimension and configuration of polymer from electrolyte effect, and took a further study on the polymer viscosity and flow characteristics of polymer solution in the porous medium, which will provide a guideline for designing the polymer flooding performance in oilfields.

Two trifluoromethyl substituted PBBTZ derivatives 3a and 3b were facilely synthesized and characterized. Their optical, electrochemical and thermal properties were studied. The low energy levels render them well air-stable, and to be promising n-type semiconductor candidates for use in organic electronics.

Based on the 9,9-di(4-anilinyl)fluorene, three new fluorene-polyimino ketones have been obtained by the Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling reaction. Their solubility are improved greatly. They can be dissolved not only in aprotic solvents such as DMSO, DMAc, NMP and DMF, but also in other common organic solvents such as chloroform at room temperature, while they still exhibit excellent thermo stability.