The cover image is based on the Short Communication Elucidating the role of lattice thermal conductivity in Π-phases of IV-VI monochalcogenides for highly efficient thermoelectric performance by Sajid Ur Rehman et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/er.6174.

Human has abundant energy and can achieve energy from different daily activities. Energy sources are divided into mechanical energy and biochemical energy. The biochemical energy harvesters based on cell and molecular level is an innovative method which can be used for low-power devices. While mechanical energy harvesters can achieve more energy. This paper provides useful information for researchers to develop energy harvesters suitable for practical application in daily life.

This paper proposes an original framework to analyse the simulation and optimization methods of more than 60 research papers that deal with the planning of complex energy systems including multiple energy carriers, technologies, intermittent energy sources and storages. The focus is on local energy systems that are discussed and optimized through the lens of techno-economic approaches. It intends to bring valuable insights about the variety of methodologies used within this area of the energy system planning literature.

The passive techniques such as provision of inserts and geometrical changes of receiver tube are efficient strategies for increasing thermal performance. The thermal and fluid flow properties of various insert geometries have been studied for different parameters such as insert height, insert thickness, insert orientation, insert shape, number of inserts on receiver tube, porosity, twist ratio, pitch value, length etc. The passive method of heat transfer enhancement helps in uniform distribution of heat flux on absorber tube surface.

Second-life lithium-ion batteries are used in the microgrid to extend their useful life, where these batteries are expected to generate more heat than their new counterparts. Additionally, further abuse by charging/discharging the batteries at high rates impose safety risk associated with fire and explosion. This review article outlines the adverse effects of temperature, followed by approaches used to monitor the internal battery temperature, and finally currently available battery thermal management systems that are possible candidates for microgrid application.

The major focal point on which this paper is devoted are:

• To summarize the challenges faced by the protection system of conventional networks at the presence of DGs in DC microgrid.
• To provide the major pros and cons of the existing protection strategy needed for improvement in DC microgrid protection.
• To analyze the feasibility of the protection strategy for futuristic large-scale penetration of DGs.
• To provide supplementary suggestions for an enhanced and innovative approach toward future DC microgrid protection development.

1. Alkali metal modified low-load 3% NiO iron-nickel-oxygen carrier can prepare hydrogen-rich synthesis gas with a volume concentration of 47%.
2. The modification of alkali metal can strengthen the preparation of hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, and the efficiency has decreased after 15 cycles. We found that it is because of the loss of alkali metal.

Composites with various MgSO₄ contents (5-40 wt%) in the micropore and textural pore of a ferroaluminophosphate (FAPO₄-5) were prepared using a wet impregnation method. Limited swelling of the confined MgSO₄ salt particles in the pore allowed the composites to exhibit highly improvement of volumetric heat storage capacity. Moreover, the dehydration temperature of MgSO₄ in the composites decreased due to the easier dehydration of FAPO₄-5 and thus heat storage recovery at low temperature was improved.

The J-V characteristic of the fabricated perovskite solar cells is studied by modified dynamic electrical model and SCAPS package. Results show that modified dynamic electrical model with an asymmetric electric field inside the perovskite layer can properly describe the performance of the prepared cells.

• S/MnO2/GO ternary composite was prepared by solid state reaction and used as a cathode for Li-S battery.
• Shuttle effect is controlled by the mesoporous MnO2 layer composed with GO sheets.
• GO/MnO2 matrix providing fast electron and Li+ transport and the formation of polythionate complex enhances electrochemical behavior of SMG2 composite.

This work reports a bimetal Co/Eu co-doping strategy to modify the electron transport layer for carbon based hole-transport-materials-free perovskite solar cells. Co/Eu co-doping could not only improve the device charge extraction but also enhance device light absorption. Improving the power conversion efficiencies from 11.12 to 14.06% was obtained by optimizing the doping concentration, while keeping a superior device stability.

• A bimetal Co/Eu co-doping strategy was reported to modify the electron transport layer for carbon based hole-transport-materials-free perovskite solar cells.
• Co/Eu co-doping could improve the device charge extraction and light absorption.
• Improving the power conversion efficiencies from 11.12% to 14.06% was obtained by optimizing the doping concentration.

Zinc ferrite spinel (ZnFe₂O₄) is employed as an innovative anode material in Ni-MH batteries. The ZnFe₂O₄ particles were synthesized by the sol gel technique. The electrochemical behavior of ZnFe₂O₄ is better in front of certain compounds studied. The ZnFe₂O₄ electrode has an excellent stability during a long cycling. The electrolyte/ZnFe₂O₄ electrode interface is studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical results of the ZnFe₂O₄ electrode show the strong potentiality for an electrochemical application of the Ni-MH batteries.

1. Nine nanofluids of NaNO₃, KNO₃, and binary salt with SiO₂ nanoparticles are tested.
2. Increase of 34.08% and 39.24% in specific heat and thermal conductivity is obtained.
3. Increase of 36.1°C in decomposing temperature is reached.
4. Cloud nuclei are proposed and responsible for thermal performance improvement.
5. Mass ratio of NaNO₃ and KNO₃ determines effect of SiO₂ nanoparticles on binary salt.

PolyHIPE was used as the substrate to successfully stabilize the shape of PCMs，and the advantage of this method is that a composite phase change material with controllable shape and leakage prevention can be obtained.

Novelty of the present investigation is to synthesis LaFeO₃/rGO nanocomposite by low cost in-situ microwave irradiation method. Uniform decoration of LaFeO₃ nanoparticles on the 2D graphene sheets provides more stability of the electrode. The prepared composite electrode material demonstrates higher specific capacitance, Strong cyclic stability and improved capacitive retention.

A duel coated CoS₂@Co@C exhibited high rate capability as anode for sodium-ion batteries with reversible sodium insertion/extraction.

The effect of the SEI layer growth on the fracture probability of the electrode particles is investigated using a coupled electrochemical and core-shell particle model. The simulations reveal that as the SEI layer grows, the tensile stress inside the particle is transformed into compressive stress, which reduces the fracture probability inside the particles. Moreover, in the multi-size particle electrode, the SEI layer on the small particles tends to be more fractured than that on large particles.

Hydrogenation promotes a strong chemisorption of COOH-anchoring groups of the dye onto Cu₂O substrate, leading to higher dye absorption and a beneficial effect on the solar energy conversion efficiency, also in case of p-type DSSC. Even if the hydrogenation was performed only in 2% H₂ atmosphere, the significant increase in J_SC (98%) confirms that the hydrogenation of p-type semiconductors should not be excluded as an effective and low-cost way to augment the efficiency of p-DSSCs.

The manuscript presents a selection method to enrich electrochemically active bacteria for use in microbial fuel cells. Using the methods described, these bacteria can be enriched from commonly used inocula in a reasonably short span of time. The enriched consortium of electrochemically active bacteria significantly boosts the current output and can be used for future studies with lesser start-up times.

In this study, Ni_100-xRh_x electrocatalysts are fabricated via electrodeposition as a low Pt-group metal-containing (low-PGM) hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) catalyst for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Through alloying, substantial changes are observed, such as enlarged surface area and development of different textures. The dramatically enhanced HOR activity of NiRh alloy is because of the surface segregation of Rh and its balanced composition with the oxide. The initial high HOR activity of 1.5 mA/cm² for Ni₈₉Rh₁₁ at 0.05 V_RHE, though it requires a further improvement in the durability, suggests the practical feasibility of it as a low PGM alkaline HOR catalyst.

Cu and Mo co-doped SrFeO_3-δ perovskite SrFe_0.9-xCu_xMo_0.1O_3-δ (SFCM, x = 0, 0.1, and 0.2) perovskites as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells. Cu doping can accelerate the loss of lattice oxygen, leading to the enhancement of ORR activity of SFCM perovskites. SFCM0.2 is chemically compatible with LSGM electrolyte and has the lowest ASR values as well as the activation energy for ORR, indicating SFCM0.2 can be a good cathode candidate for IT-SOFC.

A novel liquid-cooling BTMS with a thin plate and a slender tube is proposed for prismatic batteries. Increasing the contact area between the battery and the cooling tube along the coolant flow direction can effectively improve the cooling effect, especially the temperature uniformity.The maximum temperature difference between the batteries for the optimum design is not exceed 5°C.Different impact factors are investigated.

A high concentration adaptive direct methanol fuel cell based on a dual-cavity structure is presented. The advantages of the anode double-cavity structure in high concentration and high energy density fuel supply are proved.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the commonly used ESS technologies for grid-based applications, which are used in this paper to always maintain the demand–supply balance in a residential MG. For this purpose, a novel frequency-based energy management scheme is proposed, which uses an LIB ESS to handle the primary frequency control and energy management during peak-load period, while the dispatchable distributed generators like microturbine and fuel cell supply the base load. The installation of an energy storage system (ESS) is vital for the Micrgorid (MG) islanded operation to ensure the maintenance of demand–supply balance. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the commonly used ESS technologies for grid-based applications, which is used in this paper to always maintain the demand-supply balance in a residential MG. For this purpose, a novel frequency based energy management scheme is proposed, which uses an LIB ESS to handle the primary frequency control and energy management during peak-load period while the dispatchable distributed generators like microturbine and fuel cell supply the base load. The air conditioning TCLs consume a significant part of the residential load profile especially during mid-summer. Unlike TCLs that instantaneously use their generated cooling thermal energy to control indoor temperatures, the Thermal Energy storages (TESSs) can also store the thermal energy and use it later. In this paper, the TESSs are used instead of TCLs to reduce the power consumption of a residential Microgrid (MG) in islanded mode.

A series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4,5]tetrazine-based high energy density materials were designed and their properties were investigated fully based on B3LYP/6-311G(dp) method of density functional theory.

This study deals with the microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their successful incorporation in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with improved power conversion efficiency and higher open-circuit voltage.It was found that the incorporation of Cu2+ into TiO2 lattice raises its conduction band (CB) edge and shifted the Fermi level upwards, which contribute towards enhanced Voc. A significant enhancement in Voc from 0.714 to 0.781 V was observed by the Cu incorporation.

In this study, a new integrated system, including biomass gasification, a SOFC, heat pipes, and an ORC, is proposed. A comprehensive comparison analysis is performed on the performances of the systems based on OSOFC and HSOFC. The effects of parameters are studied on voltage losses, Nernst and cell voltages, powers, efficiencies, and emission. The multi-objective optimization is carried out using response surface methodology, and central composite design is utilized.

At present, the research on the waste heat utilization of FCV is less, and it is more based on the traditional vehicle waste heat management ideas without systematic summary of the factors affecting the system performance. As such,The novelty of this work is to provide a new idea for the matching design of waste heat reuse system of fuel cell vehicles: Considering system energy consumption and waste heat exchange rate.

Terephthalic acid-mediated supramolecular Cu(II)-metallogel is executed to fabricate a photosensitive semiconducting Schottky diode device. The optical and electrical properties of the synthesized metallogel express the semiconducting feature of the Cu(II)-metallogel. The electrical studies explore that the conductivity of Cu(II)-metallogel increased to ~four times under illumination with respect to nonirradiation conditions. I-V characteristics of Cu(II)-metallogel-based thin-film metal-semiconductor (MS) junction devices under irradiation and nonirradiation conditions show a nonlinear rectifying behavior, characteristic of a Schottky diode.

• Criteria base for combustion in swirling flows is suggested
• New experimental results about lean and rich limits of stable combustion as well as pollutants emission are given for a bidirectional swirling flow
• Bidirectional vortex combustor designing is simplified with the help of similarity criteria

Scheme illustration of assembled asymmetric all-solid-state supercapacitor and corresponding electrochemical performance.

The integrated system of coal gasification and three reactors chemical looping hydrogen generation was established, and the matching degree of the quantity and quality of energy in the process was 0.944.

Single crystals of 2D/3D-blended perovskite were grown by inverse temperature crystallization method, and used for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. When the 2D perovskite, possessing the long chains of hydrophobic organic molecule is incorporated in the 3D counterpart, moisture induced degradation is reduced. Perovskite solar cell with single crystal of 2D/3D-blended perovskite yielded efficiency of 5.37%.

An IHMS for an enormous motel with the proper solicitation of superfluous energy has been designed and demonstrated. The estimation of the reduction of NPC, COE, CO₂ emissions, Voltage, Power and Frequency responses have been presented. Sustainable development and uninterrupted power supply can be assured by this designed IHMS.

A lithium-ion battery model intergrating temperature variation in a wide range from −20°C to 60°C is constructed. A high-precision and reliable SOC estimation framework based on SRCKF is designed. The proposed framework can effectively improve the estimation accuracy of SOC under wide temperature range and time-varying temperature conditions.

The effects of hydrogen addition on the ignition delay of methyl butanoate, a surrogate fuel of biodiesel, were investigated experimentally and numerically under engine-relevant conditions. Upon hydrogen addition, the ignition delay increased in the low-temperature region but decreased in the high-temperature region. The results of sensitivity and reaction path analysis indicated that the changes in radical-related reactions caused by the reaction of added hydrogen behave differently at low and high temperatures.

We demonstrate tunable triboelectric current duration via controlling the air-gap capacitance between two dielectric plates. In triboelectric generators with nylon/air-gap/PDMS multilayers, decreasing the vertical speed of the dielectric plates (0.5 to 0.05 cm/s) results in an increased current duration (0.10 to 0.81 s), which accompanies decreased peak current, resulting in the optimal charge density (∼0.163 nC/cm² at the 0.25 cm/s). This study implies optimization of triboelectric generators in terms of optimal triboelectric charge density, accompanying circuit lifetime and broadened applicability.

Finite difference sensitivity is used to analyze the effect of essential factors on the cold start process of a PEMFC by a 3-D multi-phase electrochemical transport coupled model in this study. Results show that the cold start process is most sensitive to R_BP/CL and λ_ini. Effective improvement of cold start performance can be achieved by appropriately adjusting R_BP/CL, λ_ini, and T_in. Appropriately increasing the V_ini also can be a method to improve cold start performance, especially for the cold start from −30°C. Besides, optimized ω_CL in CLs, proper θ_mem, and lower can contribute to better performance, especially for the cold start from −20°C.

LCOE is calculated using a multivariate approach to visualize the combined effect of various parameters on the result within their specified ranges. The energy yield factor is introduced to convert the computed LCOE data into an LCOE-map and PV-system-orientation-based LCOE. The orientation-based approach to calculating LCOE reveals a new understanding of the economics of building-integrated systems by showing the degrees of freedom for the azimuthal angle and slope of the system with the little trade-off in energy cost.

Mass transfer in orientated-type channels with different baffles is quantitatively studied. Vapor transfer through diffusion and convection under various baffle effects are studied. Diffusion and convection of reactants and vapors affect each other. Vapor convective transfer increases the water contents in GDLs.

The utilization of abundantly available one agro-residue (corn stover) has been studied with an integrated approach of MAP of biomass feedstock by considering a reliable and sustainable source of energy viz. electricity from the PV source along with its techno-economic environmental assessment for adoption. The finding of the study would provide appropriate information for the planners, policymakers and environmentalists to encourage the practice among the crop growers so that the burgeoning issue of prevalent burning of crop residues in the fields can be prevented and cultivators can earn income by producing value-added products.

1. A novel battery SoH estimation approach for LiB is proposed. The model only requires some short-term data extracted from the battery voltage response curve, which can be analyzed to effectively conduct rapid on-site measurements.
2. The short-term sample collection method take only about 4 minutes to complete a sample collection. This non-destructive, non-invasive short-term feature acquisition method is convenient for engineering applications.

• Pressure-concentration isotherms of La_0.9Ce_0.1Ni₅ are measured at 20°C to 140°C.
• The effect of temperature range on hydrogen storage and thermodynamic properties are investigated.
• The performance of thermally driven sorption hydrogen compressor is analysed for different discharge temperatures.
• The cycle efficiency is increased from 1.54% to 27.57% by varying the discharge temperature from 40°C to 140°C.
• Computational fluid dynamics simulation is carried out to investigate the variations in MH bed temperature and hydrogen transmission.

The novel combined sensible-latent thermal energy storage showed better performance in comparison to the individual sensible thermal energy stoarge system.

An adaptive lithium-ion battery model is proposed in which models' parameters are estimated by a supervised machine learning paradigm. Moreover, a model-based fault diagnosis scheme is developed to see the effectiveness of the proposed battery model on the fault detection accuracy. Comparative verification experiments show that the proposed machine learning-based parameter estimator leads to an accurate battery model, and therefore more accurate fault detection compared with other common methods.

In this research study, a novel technique for meeting these requirements is suggested, utilizing the modified shuffled frog leaping algorithm, known as the MSFLA. It is noted that the search capability of the MSFLA is considerably high, compared to other optimization techniques. A formula based on the cost has been implemented in this study to specify the optimal BES size in the context of optimal day-ahead energy management of an MG.

The mathematical model of the initial hybrid drive model for a series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle (SPHEV) is constructed. The local stability condition and bifurcation condition were derived to analyse the influence of engine throttle opening, and the instability threshold of the hybrid powertrain (HPT) was given. Moreover, an instability control methodology was designed to optimise the operating region of HPT for the initial hybrid drive mode, and vehicle tests of mode transition were carried out based on the existing SPHEV platform.

The thermal runaway (TR) time of the lithium-ion battery exhibits an U-shaped change with pressure. The novelty of this work is that we reported the low-pressure TR characteristics of lithium-ion batteries with different states of charge (SOC). And we found that the increase of SOC will shorten the voltage drop time and TR time, and increase the TR temperature and intensity. In addition, the TR time of the battery varies U-shaped with the pressure, which is the first time we found the TR law of lithium-ion batteries under different pressures.

High-quality PERC solar cells with rear Al₂O₃/SiN_x and front SiO₂/SiN_x stack passivation layer structure have been realized on a massive production line. And new thin low refractive index SiN_x front capping layer and double SiN_x rear layer structure are researched for excellent passivation effect.

It is demonstrated experimentally that hydrogen energy can be stored electrochemically in a porous graphene and reduced graphene oxide solid electrodes integrated in a novel reversible PEM fuel cell that could run both as electrolyser and fuel cell.

In this analysis, the authors illustrate that the environmental impacts created by certain catalysts for the production of renewable natural gas significantly exceed the benefit they provide by having a high conversion rate of CO₂. Specific, catalysts that do not utilize platinum group metals have a lower environmental impact when compared on a per conversion scale. This work connects important laboratory research on catalysis with their life cycle environmental costs.

Novel Pt-IrO₂ nanofiber catalysts were successfully prepared using the electrospinning method. The catalyst structure and catalytic performance of catalysts with different Pt/Ir ratios were investigated. The average diameter of nanofiber catalyst decreased evidently with the increase of Pt content and the catalysts with Pt:Ir = 1:9 and Pt:Ir = 9:1 all showed better catalytic performance than the IrO₂.

Electricity efficiency (37%) of a 500MW_e oxy-coal CFB power plant with wet flue gas recirculation (FGR) was higher than that (36%) of dry FGR. Exergy efficiency was calculated 35% in the wet FGR and 34% in the dry FGR. Sulfur of dry FGR was less accumulated in recycle streams than that of wet FGR. The LCOE (61 $/MWh) of dry FGR was higher than that (60 $/MWh) of wet FGR.

In-system exploitation of EVBs technique has been used in order to minimize network overloading. SMPC uses batteries in a sustainable way to reduce overall power consumption. Mechanism of charging/discharging of EVBs is designed in such a way that these batteries draw power from the grid during off-peak hours and they transfer energy back to network during peak hours, to reduce overall burden on the system; thereby increasing efficacy and making the grid sustainable in terms of bearing higher load demands.

• Platinized membrane prepared by in-situ impregnation-reduction method by depositing Pt on Nafion-117.
• Monodispersed nanocrystalline Pt-particles formed a ~30 μm thick electrocatalyst layer on the Nafion-117 membrane.
• A single cell PEM type electrolyser (4 cm² active area) was designed and fabricated with graphite flow field plates
• 100 mAcm⁻² at a cell voltage of 1 V with 0.2 M CuCl in ~2 M HCl solution as anolyte
• Platinized membrane: An effective MEA for CuCl/HCl electrolysis

Studies on capping of ZnO NRs with aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic amino acids indicate that ZnO-D-Ala and ZnO-DL-Ala complexes possess lower band gap than ZnO NRs and can be used as an viable n-type semiconductor material in optoelectronic applications such as energy harvesting devices like solar cells.

1. Inclusion of PCM with heat sink extends the time required to reach critical SPT. 2. Lower base temperature are obtained in case of MF-PCM composite than pure PCM. 3. Highest enhancement ratio of 2.97 is obtained for three finned and four finned MF-PCM heat sink.

Development of eco-friendly and low-cost highly efficient photocatalysis is very importance for organic transformations. Herein, we report chitosan-based fluorescein isothiocyanate (CBFITC) film photocatalyst is the first-time design to bring new insight into direct CH bond arylation under light irradiation. Therefore, CBFITC film photocatalyst has also a potential application in the field of medicinal and phermaceutical chemistry.

A dataset generated by ProMax 3.2 through Box-Behnken design as a three-level DoE method, is considered. Then, the variables are normalized to a standard normal distribution in order to ensure they all have balanced effects on the system function. Moreover, PCA approach is applied to the original dataset to obtain the most effective observations. Finally, a RBF-NN is designed to model the dynamics of the “consumed energy” and the “final water content” in a typical gas processing plant.

Metal-organic frameworks driven three-dimensional Co oxysulfide nanograins with carbon frame (CoOS-C) and porous carbon-based electrodes were designed and hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) were constructed and investigated. Unique nanostructural feature with tunable defect functionality of Co oxysulfide nanograins with encapsulation of porous N- and S-doped graphitic carbon exhibited a high-energy density of 31.7 W h kg⁻¹ and an excellent rate capability with long-term cyclic stability, with more than 93% capacity retention after 3000 cycles.

1. Concentration ratio of SiO₂-SDBS-H₂O nanofluid is optimized to enhance heat transfer.
2. Gradual heating and rapid cooling characteristics are related to concentration ratio.
3. Optimized concentration ratio changes with SiO₂ nanoparticle concentration in nanofluid

The catalytic effects on the selectivity of aromatic hydrocarbons.

The manuscript entitled “Excellent electro chemical performance of LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ with good cristallinity and submicron primary dispersed particles” is prepared by Yanfang Xie, Fuzhong Wu*, Xinyi Dai*, Yi Mai, Yijing Gu, Huixin Jin, Junqi Li. The NCM523 with submicron primary particles (NCM523-S) have been synthesized using a coprecipitation method with ethonal solution and solid-phase sintering technology. The NCM523-S exhibits a low cation mixing, high cristallinity with a well-formed layered structure, and enhanced high potential electrochemical performances.

• RuCo/CNT catalyst was successfully synthesized by NaBH₄ reduction method.
• RuCo/CNT catalyst has high activity for sodium borohydride dehydrogenation.
• The best atomic ratio for high activity is obtained as 80:20 Ru:Co ratio

In this study, a multilayer distributed J-T cooler with staggered pillars was designed. Furthermore, a new mathmatical model of the cooler is developed and validated against the experimental data. The results show that the cooler has remarkable cooling performance. In addition, the distribution of temperature and pressure in the microchannel with staggered pillars is analyzed by the model calculation, and the influences of the axial heat conduction and heat leakage on the cooling performance are analyzed using the model.

The non-noble metal-based electrocatalyst CoCu@rGO shows enhanced MOR efficiency.

This work includes for the first time the coupling of multiobjective global optimization problems with uncertainties in the field of nuclear fuel cycle simulations. This problem, essential for strategy planning given the numerous assumptions and uncertainties surrounding nuclear sustainability studies, has proven to be crucial given that the optimal solutions cannot be reproduced in the presence of uncertainties. With the methodology presented, policy makers and experts can enhance confidence in their studies improving thus the sustainability of the nuclear energy.

A novel methanol fuel processing system with methanol steam reforming and CO methanation modules is proposed to generate low CO concentration reformate steadily and efficiently. Experimental results show that the system can be operated for 100 hours with CO concentration below 10 ppm at the reformate flow rate of 2.5 g/min. With airbleed technology PEMFC integrated with the system can generate 100 W of electricity for 200 minutes.

This study experimentally investigates the performance of a thermal energy storage retrofitted to a ceiling-type radiant cooling system. The key objectives are to achieve energy and energy-cost savings simultaneously by applying the novel devised operating strategies. In hot and dry climate condition, the maximum energy, and energy-cost saving up to 14% and 22.4%, respectively, can be achieved by following the novel operating strategies.

• • F-PENGs were developed using dielectrophoresis Necklace-like particle chains.
• • Necklace-like oriented structure promoted stress and free charge transmission.
• • General voltage was 135% higher than that of device with random particles.

The fabricated N, S-co-doped graphene/polyaniline composite electrodes exhibit enhanced electrochemical performances.

• A novel three-dimensional Co-N-doped hierarchically ordered macro/mesoporous carbon was synthesized by evaporation-induced self-assembly, vacuum-assisted impregnation and templating methods.
• The as-obtained macro/mesoporous Co-N-doped carbon endowing its 3D ordered hierarchical porosity and satisfactory surface area, leading to superior performance for ORR, OER, and rechargeable Zn-air battery.
• This work paves a new perspective in the fields of hierarchically ordered macro/mesoporous material, ORR/OER catalysis and Zn-air battery engineering.

Cost-reduction and performance improvement could be combined within one Pt decoration, surface partial leaching modified Pd-Fe/C nanoparticles (NPs). Pd-Fe alloy followed by surface modification expends lattices to tune the strain and ligand effect can effectively improve catalytic performances. The M-Pt@Pd-Fe/C NPs exhibit better ORR catalytic performances and 14.1 times higher Pt mass activity than those of commercial Pt/C catalyst.

Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ (ERCO₂) can not only store electrical energy from renewable sources but also produce useful fuels for many applications. Thus，the cathodes with high performance are need. In this paper, a nano-porous Sn-based catalyst was synthesized by a facile two-step method. Firstly, three components of Sn, Zn and multi-walled carbon nanotubes were co-deposited, and then the Zn was removed by alkali leaching. Through the characterization and electrochemical measurements, we have proved that this material has better catalytic performance, which is attributed to the addition of carbon nanotubes and the structural vacancies.

CO₂ storage by carbon aerogel.

Mini autonomous MFC-based biosensor: Response in terms of voltage output with different COD values.

According to the similarity criterion, the reduced-scaled experimental system of a 660 MW ultrasupercritical CFB boiler was established in this study. The quick-closing valve method is used to measure the cross-sectional void fraction. The new correlation of void fraction in the downcomers is fitted.

• Developed phase change material (PCM)-based hybrid passive heat sinks (HPHS) for industrial battery charger device.
• Studied the performance of inclined interrupted, pin, and straight interrupted fin-based HPHS geometries.
• Improved heat sink thermal management for HPHS operation was achieved during continuous and duty-cycle thermal loading.

A ternary carbonate salt eutectic (Li₂CO₃-Na₂CO₃-K₂CO₃) based nanofluid doped with Al₂O₃ nanoparticles (1 wt%) was tested to investigate the effect of the synthesis protocol on the resultant heat capacity enhancement. The result shows the heat capacity enhancement decreased with an increase of heat rates from 2 °C/min to 10 °C/min. A significant shear thinning behavior was observed for those with high heat capacity enhancement.

Ternary Co-Pi-Ag/TiON photocatalysts exhibit extraordinary photoelectrochemical performance due to the synergy between nitrogen doping, Co-Pi functionalization, Ag loading, and the unique structural features of the synthesized photoelectrodes. The transient photocurrent (J-t) records indicated the high stability of the fabricated photoanodes with a photocurrent density reaching 5.5 mA/cm². This was further confirmed via the exceptionally high hydrogen generation rate of the Co-Pi-Ag/TiON ternary catalyst (54 µL h^-1 cm^-2), which is much higher than that reported for most of the TiO₂-based photocatalysts.

For the first time lattice thermal conductivities are considered to systematically investigate the thermoelectric performance of π-polymorphs. In present work, the high values of ZT highlights the potential of newly discovered π-phases chalcogenides towards highly efficient thermoelectric materials for practical applications.

A binder-free 3D reticulated carbon foams doped with N, F, and B were obtained by pyrolysis. RVC-N electrode exhibits the best performance for energy storage evaluated by CV, GCD, and EIS. Symmetric supercapacitor retains 83% of its initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles, tested by GCD and EIS.

Graphite-coating method on cellulose paper with a commercial pencil was proposed as a facile and effective fabrication technique for photothermal layer of solar steam generation. The membrane coated with pencil-traced-graphite demonstrated repeatability with an efficient generation of steam at various solar intensities.

Three times higher amount of carbon found on Ni/ScSZ despite significantly better performance as compared to Ni/YSZ. Catalytic activity tests reveal a low carbon oxidation rate compared to an initially higher methane decomposition reaction, leading to carbon deposition. Methane decomposition reaction of Ni/ScSZ was higher which release more hydrogen, inevitably accompanied by more carbon deposited. Different carbon formed on the cells where graphitic carbon formed on Ni/ScSZ while amorphous carbon formed on Ni/YSZ.

1. Coal-based porous carbon decorated with MoO₂ nanoparticles were fabricated by the facile and scalable molten-salt-assisted methods.
2. The MoO₂/C hybrid demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance as anodes for LIBs.
3. Converting coal into functional nanomaterials improve its utilization efficiency with added-value.

1. Photovoltage and photocurrent enhance simultaneously in CH₃NH₃PbI₃/LiFePO₄
2. CH₃NH₃PbI₃/LiFePO₄ heterostructure is a candidate for photobattery material
3. Li-I and P-Pb bonds stabilize the surface/interface

Microbial activity creates natural voltage gradients in soil, using sediment Microbial Fuel Cell or s-MFC, the biochemical pathway of microbes serves bioremediation and generates bioelectricity. Present work analyzed bioremediation activity using FTIR and bioelectricity production using standard electro-biochemical methods. Analysis showed significant reduction of complex organic material, and power generation of 2122 ± 80 mW/m² owing to stable biofilm formation and effective microbial colonization of the anode.

A novel approach of designing and development of a solar parabolic dish collector is elaborated in this article. Solutions to major issues which are normally encountered during fabrication of dish concentrator are also highlighted which helps researchers who are new to this field. The concentrator extracts solar thermal energy which can also be converted into electrical power by implementing suitable energy conversion devices such as concentrated photovoltaic system or high-temperature range thermoelectric generator with a suitable tracking mechanism.

Dilophus fasciola showed a biodiesel yield of 35.04 mg g^-1 dw. Lipid-free biomass showed the maximum reducing sugar content (37.2 g L^-1) and bioethanol productivity at 72 h (0.165 g L^-1 h^-1), which were 16.3% and 27.9%, respectively, higher than that from the whole biomass. Therefore, the maximum estimated total energy output (9.96 MJ kg^-1) was recorded using the suggested sequential route.