REVIEW PAPER
Thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery in microgrid application: Impact and management system
Azri H. Hasani,
Muhamad Mansor,
Vigna Kumaran,
Ahmad W. M. Zuhdi,
Yong J. Ying,
Mahammad Abdul Hannan,
Fazrena A. Hamid,
Muhamad S. A. Rahman,
Nur A. Salim,
Corresponding Author
Azri H. Hasani
URND Sdn Bhd, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Correspondence
Azri H. Hasani, URND Sdn Bhd, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMuhamad Mansor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorVigna Kumaran
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorAhmad W. M. Zuhdi
Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorYong J. Ying
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorMahammad Abdul Hannan
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorFazrena A. Hamid
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorMuhamad S. A. Rahman
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorNur A. Salim
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Shah Alam, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorAzri H. Hasani,
Muhamad Mansor,
Vigna Kumaran,
Ahmad W. M. Zuhdi,
Yong J. Ying,
Mahammad Abdul Hannan,
Fazrena A. Hamid,
Muhamad S. A. Rahman,
Nur A. Salim,
Corresponding Author
Azri H. Hasani
URND Sdn Bhd, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Correspondence
Azri H. Hasani, URND Sdn Bhd, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMuhamad Mansor
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorVigna Kumaran
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorAhmad W. M. Zuhdi
Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorYong J. Ying
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorMahammad Abdul Hannan
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorFazrena A. Hamid
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorMuhamad S. A. Rahman
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorNur A. Salim
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Shah Alam, Malaysia
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information: Ministry of Education, Malaysia, Grant/Award Number: 20190102LRGS
Summary
Safe and reliable operation is among the considerations when integrating lithium-ion batteries as the energy storage system in microgrids. A lithium-ion battery is very sensitive to temperature in which it is one of the critical factors affecting the performance and limiting the practical application of the battery. Furthermore, the adverse effects differ according to the temperature. The susceptibility of lithium-ion battery to temperature imposes the need to deploy an efficient battery thermal management system to ensure the safe operation of the battery while at the same time maximizing its performance and life cycle. To design a good thermal management system, accurate temperature measurement is vital to assist the battery thermal management system in managing relevant states such as the stage-of-charge and state-of-health of the battery. This article outlines the effects of low and high temperatures on the performance of Li-ion batteries. Next, a review of currently available internal temperature monitoring approaches is presented based on their feasibility and complexity. Then, an overview of battery thermal management systems based on different cooling mediums is presented. This includes air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material (PCM) cooling, heat pipe cooling, boiling-based cooling, and solid-state cooling. The final section of this article discusses the practical implementation of the internal temperature measurement approach and battery thermal management system for microgrids. From the review, a suitable candidate is the flexible, low maintenance, and long lifetime hybrid battery thermal management system that combines heat pipe cooling and solid-state cooling. It is capable of maintaining the maximum operating temperature of the battery within 45°C at up to 3C discharge rate while being a relatively simple system. Additionally, passive PCM with thermally conductive filler can also be employed to assist the hybrid battery thermal management system in improving the temperature uniformity well within 5°C.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study
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