Plant blindness in conservation areas.

Freshwater biodiversity in China is threatened by multiple anthropogenic factors, and while there are some reasons to suppose it may be possible to bend the curve of biodiversity loss, the variety of threats and their likely interactions with ongoing climate change provide little basis for optimism. For example, the historic overexploitation of Yangtze fish could be alleviated by a recent fishing ban, but population restoration will be prevented by the presence of a dam cascade that has altered flow regimes, fragmented populations and hindered recruitment, exacerbating the effects of habitat degradation that has taken place during recent decades.

Biosphere reserves aim to protect global biodiversity alongside social and economic development. In the Cape Floristic Region, biosphere reserves are an effective conservation approach to protect arthropods against habitat transformation in this biodiverse region. This is done by setting aside land for conservation in core zones, transitioning from conventional to agroecological farming approaches in buffer and transition zones, and focusing conservation efforts on both terrestrial and aquatic habitats.

Despite the availability of data on plants and their pollinators from the Indian sub-continent, detailed investigations that explain the intricacy of the mutualistic interaction at both population and community levels have largely been limited. This review explores the current status of pollination ecology research in India and suggests future directions in this field, stressing the need to collect effective life-history data which can be utilized by both the scientific community as well as the policymakers.

Human activity, particularly the increase in forested areas across the western Mediterranean, has impacted squamate diversity. This study investigated the impact of canopy cover on squamate assemblages, finding the highest diversity in areas with moderate tree cover. To balance reforestation with reptile conservation, prioritizing areas already low in diversity or lacking threatened species is recommended.

The One Plan Approach to Conservation of the International Union for Conservation of Nature highlights the importance of combining on-site conservation actions with captive breeding efforts. Among vertebrates, amphibians are one of the groups with the highest proportion of species threatened with extinction. In this study, we focus on the protection status of the amphibian fauna of Myanmar, a key part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot.

Lack of species information complicates understanding climate change vulnerability, but life history traits can be proxies for missing information. In the north-central United States, useful traits for discriminating vulnerability of amphibians include range size, clutch size, diel activity patterns, and habitat breadth. Species traits are more useful for ranking vulnerability when projected exposure to climate change is homogeneous across a group of species; otherwise exposure to climate change is likely more indicative of vulnerability.

Significant waterbird colonisation was recorded in the wintering period (October through March in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020) in wetlands on Central Asian and East Australasian Flyways. Different limnochemical conditions influenced nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Guanotrophic nutrient enrichments are important to sustain the nitrate and phosphate regime of the wetlands. Guano inputs significantly correlated with N and P enrichments in water. Herbivores followed by carnivore waterbirds contributory to guanotrophic nutrient loadings in freshwater wetlands.

Understanding the potential impacts of projected climate change scenarios on critically endangered species is critical to guide effective conservation planning. Species distribution modelling techniques such as MaxEnt are increasingly becoming important tools for predicting habitat shifts in response to projected climate change scenarios. Results from this study reveal an expanding climatically suitable habitat for the African White-backed Vultures based on different global circulation models and carbon emission scenarios used in this study.

We address the importance of spatial and temporal dynamics for forest biodiversity monitoring by investigating the most diverse and ecologically important insect groups (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera) from the canopy and understory during the dry and wet seasons in two tropical rainforests in Thailand. Our findings suggest that monitoring programs should consider three-dimensional space and seasonal dynamics to comprehensively monitor and predict the fate of tropical forest insect diversity in response to anthropogenic and other forms of disturbance.

Globally, human-use landscapes are being reported to be large carnivore habitats. The study examines the spatial variation of leopard density in the forest-human use landscape mosaic of the Duars region of West Bengal. Tea estates overshadow forested areas in terms of the absolute density of leopards, reiterating the potential of human-use areas to be conservation landscapes for adaptable species.