Highlights

• By clarifying the association between prepregnancy obesity and preterm birth among Asian Americans, one of the most fast-growing subpopulations in the United States, our study provides important evidence for tailored clinical recommendations for pregnant women of this race.
• These findings also highlight the importance of using Asian-specific body mass index cutoffs in assessing risk of preterm birth among Asian American mothers.
• This may have broad implications for Asian countries, which have the largest population in the world.

Highlights

• The efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors combined with insulin (DPP-IVi/INS) were updated in this study.
• The meta-analysis found that compared with the effects in the insulin-alone group, treatment with DPP-IVi/INS improved glycemic control without leading to an increased risk of hypoglycemia and adverse events, which suggests that DPP-IV inhibitors are suitable as an adjunct to insulin to maintain the balance of glucose.

Highlights

• This study integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic data to explore potential molecular changes during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
• Major inflammatory biomarkers and fatty acid metabolism in NASH mice were investigated.
• Necroptosis played a crucial role in the occurrence of NASH

In this paper, hepatic metabolomic and transcriptomic data were integrated for molecular mechanism on the occurrence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. And the results highlighted the crucial alteration of glycerophospholipid metabolism and necroptosis signaling.

Highlights

• TG/HDL-C ratio change trajectory, long-term high TG/HDL-C ratio level, variability of TG/HDL-C ratio level and annual increasing rate of TG/HDL-C ratio level were significantly associated with risk of T2DM.
• Understanding interactions between TG/HDL-C ratio change trajectory and T2DM could open up useful avenues for future intervention.
• Maintaining low and stable level of TG/HDL-C ratio is important for preventing T2DM.

Highlights

• Thiamine is important for cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis. There are no data yet in the literature that have reported thiamine deficiency in coronavirus disease 2019.
• Thiamine insufficiency may exist in critically ill patients not only due to reduced intake and very impaired absorptive processes during the critical stage but also due to the high consumption by hypermetabolism. Severe thiamine deficiency may cause lactic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, and even worsen diabetic ketoacidosis.
• There is a negative correlation between thiamine levels and arterial lactate, especially among critically ill patients with diabetes.

Highlights

• Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a vital prognostic indicator of outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019.
• Patients with MetS had worse clinical outcomes compared with the ones without MetS.
• Patients with MetS had a higher need for intensive care unit irrespective of their age, sex, or race.
• Need for mechanical ventilation was higher for all patients with MetS except Caucasians.
• Females, younger patients (<65), and African Americans with MetS had higher mortality.

Highlights

• Admission serum or point-of-care glucose is a greater predictor of mortality than glycosylated hemoglobin in persons with type 2 diabetes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
• Those with diabetes and COVID-19 who were intubated had a higher morality than those who were not intubated.
• Older age, male gender, and history of chronic kidney disease, hypertension, or coronary artery disease increased the risk of mortality. Race and insurance type had no impact on mortality.

Highlights A clinical pharmacist using recommendations of Food and Drug Administration-cleared computerized insulin dose adjustment algorithms based on analyses of glucose readings from continuous glucose monitoring (Abbot Free Style Pro) in 13 poorly controlled insulin-requiring diabetic patients increased time in target range of 3.9 to 10.0 mmol/L from 29% to 51% and decreased time in range of >13.9 mmol/L from 43% to 23% (both P = 0.01) after 3 months. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (±SD) fell from 102 (±15) to 67 (±10) mmol/mol (P < 10⁻⁶).