Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is a complex left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Regional and global LV dysfunction, extent and location of fibrotic myocardium and annulus enlargement are the leading causes of valve regurgitation. Echocardiography and CMR have a critical role in the comprehensive assessment of FMR.

The objective of the study was to conduct a comprehensive review of the diagnostic and prognostic value of CT RV/LV ratio to provide a practical, reproducible, and evidence-based cutoff and measurement methodology to identify RV dysfunction (“strain”) in acute PE.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, significantly improving survivals across various malignancies, but may be associated with various types of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Multimodality imaging, including transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac CT, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and nuclear cardiology are fundamental diagnostic tools for the early detection of cardiotoxicity and monitoring.

Advancements in computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA): Innovations in spectral CT-derived reconstruction algorithms and integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics for enhanced diagnosis and risk stratification of pulmonary embolism.

• MSP has primarily been reported in fetuses or children, with only one case of adult MSP with PAPVD previously reported in 2022.

The case we report is about an adult with TAPVD which caused by MSP. There are no similar reports so far. .

Patients who recovered from COVID-19 and presented to our hospital for echocardiography due to cardiovascular symptoms during the Omicron surge were retrospectively reviewed. Myocardial strains of 546 such recovered patients, both pre- and post-infection, were compared with those of COVID-19-free controls. Results indicated that post-infection, left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) stayed constant, yet left atrial strain (LAS) and regional left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVLS) declined. After a 1-year follow-up, 16.48% of patients had persistent cardiovascular symptoms, which were linked to LA strain and basal inferoseptal LVLS.

TTE parameters of baseline RV function should not be used in patients with LVADs due to device-related changes in physiology. TAPSE and RVEDD are promising prognostic markers in screening for development of RV failure after LVAD implantation.

In patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), preoperative echocardiographic metrics were collected and used to calculate the pulmonary venous variability index (PVVI). PVVI ≤ 0.5 was the only measure predictive of catheter-based or surgical pulmonary venous reintervention after initial repair; however, this association was lost when single ventricle status and TAPVC subtype were incorporated into multivariate analysis .

We reported a 10-year-old boy with a rare type isolated left subclavian artery. The patient's left subclavian artery evolved from stenosis to atresia, resulting in the subclavian steal syndrome.

By applying the adapted Hahn tricuspid valve nomenclature, we explored whether the subxiphoid short-axis view (SSAV) can effectively apply this classification.

Take home messages

1. Despite being considered a benign tumor, the high reported incidence of embolic events increasingly warrants surgical resection, regardless of size, especially in patients with a history of cardiovascular risk factors.

2. Multimodal imaging evaluation plays a crucial role in distinguishing intracardiac masses, relying on the physician's ability to discern characteristic findings. Proper assessment leads to appropriate management decisions based on suggestive findings.

This case image illustrates the utility of fetal HQ and 4D STIC echocardiography in a 24-week gestation fetus in understanding the hemodynamics responsible for the fetal heart failure due to LV rhabdomyoma.

From a study of 54 fetuses with Coarctation of the Aorta and 54 with a false-positive diagnosis of Coarctation of the Aorta we developed a calculator that only required 8 end-diastolic measurements from the 4-chamber view to predict Coarctation of the Aorta with a Sensitivity of 98.15% and specificity of 98.15%.

The purpose of the present study was to clarify the changes of left ventricular twisting and untwisting motions during severe central hypovolemia using 3D echocardiography. The present findings by three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography indicate that in healthy humans, LV twist/untwist function is enhanced during severe central hypovolemia. On the other hand, conventional echocardiographic indices for LV contractility, diastolic relaxation, and myocardial strain deteriorated. In particular, E/e’ paradoxically increased during severe central hypovolemia. These findings suggest that to accurately assess hemodynamic conditions, measurement of twist/untwist function may be useful in addition to conventional echocardiographic indices.

We found that patients with OSAS exhibit reduced right ventricular diastolic function and right atrial reservoir strain (RARS). Additionally, the TV E/e′ (Figure A) and RARS (Figure B) are correlated with peak VO₂ in these patients, suggesting that the decline in exercise capacity in OSAS patients is related to RV diastolic function and RA function.

Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) of limited extent is common on CMR and more than two thirds of patients showing MAD on CMR did not have MAD on TTE. Methodological discrepancies impact MAD assessment .

Left atrial (LA) reservoir strain at rest is independently associated with exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension (EIPH) and has an important factor in predicting patients with EIPH. Patients with LA reservoir strain ≤21% have an increased risk of heart failure (HF) events.

MW parameters reflect the contractile force under hemodynamic overload, offering a more compelling perspective for evaluating cardiac function, including segments value. GWI-rest and ΔGWI provide powerful incremental value in independent associations with exercise capacity.