This review paper explores the unique chemical, physical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties of starch as a biopolymer. It also focusses on the techniques utilized for transforming native starch into starch-based films and highlights recent insights into developing starch-based composite films. Furthermore, the review paper also critically discussespotential applications of starchy films in food packaging systems too.

Starch extracted from fruits and vegetable wastes can be used to produce biofilm in food packaging materials. In order to cease throwing away valuable carbohydrates, especially starch, these should be incorporated into the concept of sustainable production. Response surface or artificial intelligence can be implemented for the standardization of biofilm.

Germinated brown rice improves the palatability and organoleptic properties of brown rice thereby, making brown rice widely acceptable by the consumers. The bioactive compound in germinated rice helps in modulating blood glucose level and improves diabetic related health complications. Germinated rice can be promoted as staple food to manage diabetes.

Starch-based bioplastics: Properties and its applications.

The classification of starch based on its botanical origin as cereal starch, tuber starch, and millet starch gives a new dimension to starch classification and the manufacture of edible films.

Starch modification improves the physicochemical, functional, and digestibility characteristics. Recently, the dual modification of starch with eco-friendly methods has been recommended to expand the end-uses of the polysaccharides.

The present study investigated the relationship between the amylose content and the physicochemical properties of native starches of red and white sorghum. It was found that color sorghum starch had a relationship with thermal properties, viscosity, and water absorption index, but the amylose content determined the majority of the physicochemical properties of sorghum starches.

Spray dried starch molecular inclusion complexes with antioxidant molecules are prepared and characterized. The structural, morphological, and physical properties are determined. Results show that the molecular inclusion complexation technique via spray drying could be effectively applied in order to obtain powders with good quality and satisfactory functional characteristics.

Aerogels are three-dimensional porous structures. Starch is effective in producing clean-label aerogels with high water absorption capacity. Different sources and concentrations of starch result in aerogels with distinct properties and the potential to be applied in food packaging.

Cañihua is a tiny Andean grain growing between 4000 and 4500 m.a.s.l., which is consumed as toasted flour. Its starch is extracted and analyzed with instrumental techniques, showing sizes in the nanometer range, resistance to high temperatures, and high final viscosity after gelatinization.

The delayed release starches from mankanda are isolated by using two different extraction media. Physicochemical, micromeritic, crystalline, thermal, rheological properties are determined, and the excipient property studies are explored in oral solid dosage form by in vitro dissolution studies which indicate its delayed release characteristics.

FMS modification via DHT: Spread 50 g FMS in a petri dish, heat at 120 °C for 4 h, cool naturally at 25 °C for 30 min. Mix 3 g modified starch with 30% w/w D-sorbitol in 100 mL, heat at 90 °C for 35 min with stirring. After cooling to 40 °C, degas starch solutions, fill Petri dishes with 25 mL of solution, and dry at 25 °C for 24 h.

Whole pearl millet flour is a high-fiber source for bread formation and is claimed to be clean-label food.

Superheated steam drying (SSD) saves production time of unripe banana flour (UBF) by 75% and increases resistant starch content, high hydration value, peak viscosity, and whiteness. Sample preparation and SSD temperature affect UBF's technological paraments.

The α-amylase is successfully immobilized over the casein decorated silica infused nanoparticles for improved performance. The production of maltose syrup from the starch industry wastewater with comparable dextrose equivalence values is also explored, indicating its possible future advantage.

The graphical abstract image shows a schematic representation of developing corn starch based nano-formulations with orange peel, essential oils and ultrasonic treatments and their effects on the postharvest shelf life and characteristics of citrus fruits (Kinnow) at ambient temperature during 15 days of storage.

St-co-PMMA@Ag/(Mg-Al)LDH nanocomposite films fabricated by in situ polymerization approach show improved thermal stability, chemical resistance, biodegradability, and antibacterial properties by the virtue of AgNPs and LDH. The exfoliation of LDH platelets offers an eight-fold enhancement in oxygen barrier properties which is of importance in packaging applications.

Mung bean flours varying amylose content are heat-moisture treated at 100℃ for 6h. The HMT forms the starch granules being more stable to continuous heating and agitation, lower swelling power and higher solubility and produces more RS content, resulting in lower blood glucose response and glycemic index.

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) as a carrier material for xylanase (Xyl) immobilization. Changes in particle morphology, crystal structure, and molecular properties of synthesized SNPs are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and infrared spectrometry methods. Moreover, the biochemical properties (optimum pH, optimum temperature, and reusability) of immobilized Xyl are investigated.

Elephant foot yam starch is mixed with soluble potato starch, thermally modified, and characterized for physicochemical, micromeritic properties, and structural evaluation. Morphological assessment is also conducted. Adjuvant properties of the modified starches are studied through in vitro dissolution analysis in oral solid dosage forms.

In the present study, the effects of different wet milling extraction methods (water, acidic, and alkaline) on the physical, structural, thermal, and functional properties of barnyard millet starch. The results show that the alkaline method yields significantly higher yield of starch with good amylose content and functional properties such as water binding capacity, oil binding capacity, higher color attributes (whiteness), thermal stability, textural properties, and lowest particle size as compared to other extracted starch. The results of the FESEM microstructure show polygonal, spherical, and rounded shapes of starch granules. Present study reveals that the alkaline method is the most potential to extract starch from barnyard millet with good quality and functional properties for food application.

Starch-lipid complex with different crystalline forms (type I and type II) are prepared by extrusion-cooking. The partial substitution of wheat flour by complexes increases cooking loss and elasticity and decreases the hardness of cooked wheat noodles. Noodles made with type II complex are more resistant to amylolysis than those made with type I complex.

A nanoemulsion prepared from loquat seed starch and flax seed oil is applied as a coating on strawberries, effectively extending shelf-life and influencing acidity and total soluble solids. These findings demonstrate the potential for preserving strawberries and controlling pathogens.

Acid hydrolysis leads to starch nanoparticle formation. The size of nanoparticles is controlled by the use of synthesis conditions. Pearl millet starch nanoparticles are elliptical, and irregular in shape with a rough surface due to partially damaged granules. Conversion of native starch to nanostarch helps to improve its properties for further applications.

Faba bean starch has been isolated and analyzed to assess its suitability for formulating nanoemulsion with flax seed oil. The findings indicate that the nanoemulsion, based on faba bean starch, holds potential as a reliable delivery system for bioactive compounds.

Mango pickling is a very big industry in India generating 500 kg of waste kernels per day. To provide sustainable solution to the waste, starch is extracted from kernels. To broaden the range of extracted starch applications, detailed characterization of native starch and modified starch is done for versatile utility.