Malignant ascites manifests as an end-stage event during the progression of a number of cancers and is associated with significant morbidity. In this study, we report on the development of a novel, long-acting formulation of human and mouse interferon-β (IFN-β). Pegylated IFN-β contains the site-specific conjugation of polyethylene glycol residue to IFN-β. We demonstrated that PEG-mIFN-β, but not PEG-hIFN-β, significantly suppressed the accumulation of ascites fluid in this model. These findings reveal a new facet of the long-acting PEG-hIFN-β and provide a therapeutic rationale for evaluating long-acting PEG-IFN-β in the treatment of malignant ascites.

Our study indicates that tumor-infiltrating immune cell PD-L1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for ESCC, and the association between EGFR and PD-L1 is vital to determining survival. It is important to consider radiotherapy-induced imbalance of pro-tumor and anti-tumor immune response. A combination of radiotherapy and PD-L1-targeted therapies could be a promising therapeutic strategy for ESCC patients.

IgG boosting were observed in HLA-A11+/A11+ patients and HLA-A33+/A33+ patients after personalized peptide vaccine(PPV). The patients with higher rate of changes of peptide-specific IgG titers after 2nd cycle of vaccination showed longer prognosis than those with lower rate.

ALAD is down-regulated in breast cancer. ALAD inhibits breast cancer progression. ALAD regulates TGF-β-mediated EMT.

Deregulation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in human tumorigenesis. In this study, we identified FRMD5 as a novel Wnt signaling target gene in colorectal cancer cells. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that FRMD5 is associated with cell cycle and cell-extracellular interaction.

In this study, we verified PTEN as a novel miR-155-5p target and demonstrated that miR-155-5p promoted HCC progression by suppressing PTEN and activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.

SOX2 is required for endometrial cancer cell growth. Expressions of SOX2 in endometrial cancer patients is significantly correlated with histological grade and poor prognosis. Low p21 together with high SOX2 expressions in advanced endometrial cancer patients are associated with the most unfavorable outcomes of patients.

By screening for targets of hypoxia-inducible microRNA-210, we identified a 18S rRNA base methyltransferase DIMT1 as a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for all molecular subtypes of multiple myeloma.

Our results showed that SchLAH was down regulated in HCC. SchLAH may suppress the metastasis of HCC cells by interacting with FUS, which indicates potential of SchLAH for the prognosis and treatment of HCC.

Accelerated neopterin and tryptophan breakdown seems to play an important role regarding prostate carcinogenesis, with the highest levels in patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Neopterin was the only independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival after biochemical recurrence. These data may support the recommendation of neopterin measurement in making decision for further oncologic treatment strategies and in monitoring patients during therapy following biochemical recurrence.

We identified HER2 somatic mutations in tumors from 1348 unselected breast cancer patients by sequencing the entire HER2 coding region. Here, we are first to report that HER2-negative breast cancer patients with HER2 somatic mutation have an unfavorable survival. Therefore, HER2-negative patients with HER2 somatic mutation are potentially good candidates for HER2-targeted therapy or for recruitment into ongoing clinical trials.

Here we established organoids derived from intestinal tumors of Min mice. Expression of the cluster miRNAs, miR-194 and miR-215, was markedly suppressed in intestinal tumor organoids in comparison with organoids derived from normal intestinal epithelia. Enforced expression of miR-194 and miR-215 suppresses intestinal tumor organoids.

The present study explored the novel biological function of IL-10 in regulation of expression of adhesion molecules in AML cells and found that exposing AML cells to IL-10 induced expression of E-cadherin. IL-10/E-cadherin axis may be a promising therapeutic target for treating AML.

Podoplanin (PDPN) is an established diagnostic marker for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), but the function of PDPN in MPM is not fully understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that PDPN plays a major role in the progression of MPM by stimulating cell motility via RhoA/ROCK pathway activation and by blocking contact inhibition associated with decreased E-cadherin expression and YAP1 activation.Collectively, our findings indicate that PDPN is an ideal target for treatment of patients with MPM.

The Fucci system enabled us to separately determine radiosensitivity of quiescent and proliferating cells grown as multicellular spheroids, and made it possible to comprehensively characterize the radiosensitivity of spheroids for the first time.

PADI2 isoform 1 was expressed in normal colon epithelial cells but downregulated during colon carcinogenesis. Overexpression of PADI2 suppressed cell proliferation concomitant with increased protein citrullination.

we demonstrate that SOX2 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer spheroids, and prove that SOX2 plays a key role in maintaining ovarian cancer stem cell properties, including self-renewal, chemotherapy resistance and tumorigenicity.

By doing an integrative analysis we have identified PSMA6, a subunit of the proteasome complex, as one of the most promising targets for lung cancer. We showed that PSMA6 knockdown suppressed the viability of cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis or cell cycle arrest at G2/M, with only a minimal effect on normal lung epithelial cells. Our data suggested that targeting PSMA6 for lung cancer may be an attractive novel therapeutic strategy.

Aes suppresses metastatic spread of human prostate cancer cell grafts to the bone in mice. In vivo bioluminescence images of mice injected with luciferase-expressing PC3 cels into the left cardiac ventricle.

A sustained hypoxic microenvironment after RFA may exert a negative impact on the prognosis of HCC patients, and minimizing exposure to a hypoxic microenvironment and targeting HIF-1α signaling might be effective strategies for patients who experience insufficient RFA therapy.

Lenvatinib is a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that selectively inhibits VEGFR, FGFR, and other proangiogenic and oncogenic pathway-related RTKs. Here we show that simultaneous targeting of tumor cell growth and angiogenesis by lenvatinib plus everolimus, and enhanced inhibition of VEGF- and FGF-driven angiogenesis through greater inhibition of the mTOR–S6K–S6 signaling pathway underlie the antitumor activity conferred by the combination of lenvatinib plus everolimus in preclinical RCC models.

We screened an in-house natural product library for compounds that exhibited synthetic lethality towards beta-catenin mutations and isolated nonactin, an antibiotic mitochondrial uncoupler, as a hit compound. Nonactin, as well as other mitochondrial uncouplers, induced apoptosis selectively in beta-catenin mutated tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that expression of an active mutant form of beta-catenin induced a decrease in the glycolysis rate.

The inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA), a downstream kinase of adenylate cyclase (AC) pathway, enhanced the apoptosis-inducing activity of xanthohumol (XN). It indicated that the AC/PKA pathway could contribute to preventing apoptosis induced by XN and that the activity of AC/PKA pathway in tumor cells could determine sensitivity to XN.

High cofilin-1 expression is associated with hematogenous dissemination in recurrence forms of pancreatic cancer (PDAC) patients. The immune-complex (IC) levels of cofilin-1 in sera of PDAC patients were higher than those in sera of healthy volunteers and patients with pancreatitis. The IC levels of cofilin-1 showed a stepwise increase during PDAC progression, and high IC levels of cofilin-1 indicated poor prognosis of patients after surgery.