Taurine in β cell senescence.

A validated disease progression model quantified eGFR decline in T2DM patients with and without DN. Cardiovascular comorbidities and poor glycaemic control accelerated decline, while ARBs, statins, and metformin attenuated it. The model supports early, consistent use of these therapies to preserve renal function and guide individualized risk-based interventions.

Lower 25(OH)D levels are associated with reduced HRV in individuals with DF. Specifically, when 25(OH)D levels fall below 50 nmol/L, the risk of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in people with DF significantly increases.

Emerging evidence points to distinct endotypes of T1DM: T1DE1 (diagnosed < 7 years) and T1DE2 (diagnosed ≥ 13 years). To explore phenotypic heterogeneity in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with respect to age-related endotypes. A cross-sectional study of 1204 newly diagnosed T1DM children in China (2010–2023), divided into three age groups: T1DE1, 7–12 years, and T1DE2. Age-specific phenotypic heterogeneity in pediatric T1DM indicates distinct endotypes, suggesting potential for precise treatment strategies.

The systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions for families of children with Type 1 Diabetes on caregiver and child functioning found psychological interventions significantly reduced parent and child psychological distress post-intervention and improved child blood glucose at short-term follow-up, relative to controls.

The pathophysiology of DCM encompasses insulin resistance and hyperglycemia-induced metabolic alterations in cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, cardiac lipotoxicity, dysregulation of immune responses, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, impaired calcium handling, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Oxidative stress results in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and immune property modulation and ultimately lead to HFpEF. Ferroptosis inhibitors hold great promise as therapeutic agents for the intervention of DCM.

Higher dietary ALA intake was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among adults with T2D.