Highlights

• Weight gain with insulin therapy in the early period may be negatively related to the occurrence and duration of remission by altering insulin sensitivity.
• Interventions to prevent rapid weight gain and conserve insulin sensitivity in the early stages of type 1 diabetes mellitus may be beneficial for the development and maintenance of remission.
• This is the first study, as far as we have investigated the English literature, that shows the significant association between early weight gain after diagnosis and the emission phase. Our study will provide an idea and guide to prospective studies.

Highlights

• Childhood obesity was significantly associated with the increased risk of insulin resistance (IR).
• There were 12 metabolites co-associated with childhood obesity and IR, including seven amino acid and five fatty acid metabolites.
• The combination of body mass index standard deviation score and key metabolites could effectively predict the risk of IR.

Highlights

• The Blood Pressure Control Target in Diabetes (BPROAD) study is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial conducted in mainland China to test the hypothesis of whether intensive blood pressure (BP) management (systolic BP <120 mm Hg) has additional benefits over standard BP management (systolic BP <140 mm Hg) over a follow-up period of up to 5 years in patients with type 2 diabetes.
• Findings from the BPROAD study will guide the development of clinical guidelines for blood pressure management aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease burden.

Highlights

• The optimal blood pressure (BP) target in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for the management of cognitive decline remains unknown.
• The Blood Pressure Control Target in Diabetes (BPROAD) Cognitive Study was designed to determine whether intensive BP treatment (systolic BP <120 mm Hg) reduces risk of dementia and mild cognitive impairment compared with standard BP treatment (systolic BP <140 mm Hg) in patients with T2DM.
• Findings from the study will have essential impacts on public health and clinical practice of BP management in patients with T2DM.

Highlights

We identified that CGM can increase motivation for self-management and confidence in treatments. A supportive treating team may help to reduce the practical and psychological burden in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Highlights

1. Lipid profiles of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in patients with diabetes or diabetic cardiovascular disease are rarely reported.
2. n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched triacylglycerol (TG) was found to decrease in sEVs from serum of patients with diabetic cardiovascular disease (DM-CAD).
3. DM-CAD sEVs diminished activation of AKT in cultured cardiac cells, and showed the same decrease in n-3 DHA-TG, suggesting n-3 DHA-TG may be associated with diabetic cardiac dysfunction.

Highlights

• Glucagon receptor (GCGR) monoclonal antibody (mAb) improves cardiac function and attenuates microvascular damage in db/db mice.
• GCGR mAb ameliorates the oxidative stress of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells in diabetic mice.
• GCGR mAb counteracts the diabetes-induced upregulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B, optic atrophy type 1, and mitofusin-1.
• Fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial fusion are involved in GCGR mAb's effect.

Highlights

• In the first trimester, the plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was higher in women who developed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than in women who did not develop GDM during their pregnancy.
• The increased levels of plasma mtDNA were independent of age and fasting plasma glucose levels in the first trimester.
• These results were in plasma samples collected 3 to 4 months before overt hyperglycemia diagnosis suggestive of GDM was made.
• Blood samples for mtDNA analysis can be collected from prenatal women irrespective of fasting status.