Highlights

• Some studies have indicated that low birth weight is significantly associated with diabetes, but the association is contentious, and the effects of body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle in later life on the association are unclear.
• This study provides new evidence for a U-shaped association between birth weight and the risk of diabetes.
• Normal BMI or a healthy lifestyle may mitigate the negative effects of low birth weight in the development of diabetes.

Highlights

• Marijuana use is associated with lower insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in obese adults.
• Even a frequency of less than four uses of marijuana per month is inversely associated with both outcomes.
• In obesity, outcomes always remain low in former users after long-term cessation.

Highlights

• This is the largest series of liver adenomatosis (LA) occurring in HNF1A-MODY patients.
• Liver adenomatosis occured in 6.5% from 137 HNF1A–MODY patients.
• We describe the clinical, radiological, genetic and follow up features of LA in 24 HNF1A–MODY patients.

Highlights

• This study investigated whether physician-targeted education can improve outcomes in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes receiving basal insulin therapy.
• The 6-month education program improved glycemic management in approximately 50% of participating hospitals. More patients achieved HbA1c < 7% at the time of the post-education sample survey than at the baseline sample survey.
• Physician-targeted education was more effective at hospitals that had poor glycemic management at the baseline sample survey.

Highlights

• Both pancreatic endocrine function (β- and α-cells) and insulin clearance rate are key differentiators of diabetes remission status after gastric bypass.
• Neither weight loss nor glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) concentrations differ between individuals with and without diabetes remission after gastric bypass.
• Proinsulin is significantly elevated in non-remitters and could be a biomarker for diabetes relapse after gastric bypass surgery.

Highlights

• A large retrospective study indicates no association between GDM and most types of cancer; this is in contrast to a few smaller studies that have suggested an association with cancer.
• An increased risk of thyroid cancer in mothers with GDM was demonstrated. While this risk requires further investigation, it may be advisable for physicians to consider regular thyroid examination for patients with a GDM history.