Post-treatment eosinophil fraction, SII, mGPS, and ΔSII could independently predict MPR in patients treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy in both cohorts. Furthermore, high post-treatment NLR, PLR, SII, mGPS, ΔNLR, and ΔSII were significantly correlated with poor overall survival and event-free survival of patients. We aim to construct a comprehensive predictive model by integrating these non-invasive and easily accessible peripheral blood biomarkers to design new strategies for treating NSCLC patients undergoing neoadjuvant immunotherapy.

A schematic diagram outlining the effects induced by Accum™ on tumor cells. Besides disrupting endosomal membranes and inducing ROS, Accum™ triggers immunogenic cell death (ICD) leading to immune cell recruitment and activation.

Eribulin inhibits microtubule polymerization and has been approved for recurrent metastatic breast cancer. Eribulin enhanced recognition by Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by increasing the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class 1 via the HLA class 1 transactivator neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio family CARD domain-containing 5, thus eribulin can be used as an immunopotentiator.

TAM-co-cultured LUSC cells exhibited EMT through the TGF-beta/Smad/ZEB pathway. TAM-co-cultured LUSC cells demonstrated enhanced migration and invasion capabilities and increased tumor cell proliferation.

It is suggested that tetraspanin 1 could be a molecular target for the treatment of papillary thyroid cancer.

This is the first study to demonstrate that homologous recombination is the most beneficial pathway to inhibit over nonhomologous end joining to enhance the cell killing effect of carbon ion radiotherapy in the targeted tumor cells within the carbon ion spread-out Bragg peak.

We show the strong relationship between DYRK2 expression and chemosensitivity after DNA damage in p53 wild-type, but not in p53 mutated, colorectal cancer cells. Our findings provide the importance of routine preoperative measurement of p53 status and DYRK2 expression that may help to predict chemosensitivity in patients undergoing 5-fluorouracil- and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer.

Autotaxin (ATX), which is a secreted autocrine motility factor involved in the production of a lipid mediator, was highly expressed in pancreatic endocrine neoplasm (panNEN). The mRNA expression of mRNA in panNEN cell lines was higher than in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines. The serum level of ATX in panNEN patients was higher than in patients with other pancreatic diseases, and in immunohistochemical analysis of panNEN, tumor cells were stained strongly by ATX.

Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT)1 functions as a tumor suppressor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The transcription factor homeobox D8 (HOXD8) can promote SHMT1 expression and suppress RCC cell proliferation and migration, which provides new mechanisms of SHMT1 in RCC tumor growth and might be used as a potential therapeutic target candidate for clinical treatment.

Familial adenomatous polyposis patients develop various life-threatening comorbidities in the gastrointestinal tract and other organs. This study clearly elucidated a genotype–phenotype correlation in the APC gene developing severe extracolonic phenotypes.

Low-dose computed tomography screening resulted in high detection rates of pulmonary nodules, which warranted invasive diagnostic procedures with high risk. We show that combining novel tsRNAs biomarkers in liquid biopsy with computed tomography information provides improved diagnostic accuracy. The model achieved robust accuracy in internal and external validation cohorts. In addition, this model provided fair results in discriminating invasive nodules from noninvasive nodules.

Molecular profiling according to the NLR and TLS in patients treated with pembrolizumab. Distinct expression of differentiated genes and immune-checkpoint genes are depicted.

We herein first reported the prognostic impact according to the effect of genomically matched therapy after CGP testing for advanced or metastatic solid tumors in clinical practice under the Japanese national health insurance system. Although 40.0% of patients were recommended for treatment based on their gene mutations in our molecular tumor board review after CGP testing, only approximately 6.3% received this treatment. However, when treatment based on gene mutations was initiated and partial response or stable disease treatment effects were achieved, OS was significantly prolonged.

The EPCORE NHL-3 phase I/II trial is evaluating the efficacy and safety of epcoritamab subcutaneous monotherapy in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) CD20⁺ B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma previously treated with two or more lines of therapy. At a median follow-up of 8.4 months, overall response and complete response rates by independent review committee in the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) expansion cohort (treated with epcoritamab 48 mg s.c.) were 55.6% and 44.4%, respectively, and the median duration of response, duration of complete response, and overall survival were not reached at the time of data cutoff; the safety profile was manageable. Results support the ongoing clinical evaluation of epcoritamab in Japanese patients with R/R DLBCL and in earlier treatment lines.

Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) was effective to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors.

We suggest combining trifluridine/tipiracil and a WEE1 inhibitor as a novel therapeutic strategy against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This approach has demonstrated efficacy by combining the induction of DNA damage with the suppression of the DNA damage response.

A direct comparison of three bifunctional chelates, p-SCN-Bn-DOTA, p-SCN-Bn-DOTAGA, and DO3A-NHS-ester demonstrated that DOTAGA would be the most promising chelate to produce 225Ac-labeled OTSA101 with high binding affinity and high labeling efficiency and to provide high absorbed doses to tumors and limited ones to bone marrow.

TAS0612 suppresses the growth of cell lines derived from various types of B-cell lymphomas (BCLs). TAS0612 effectively induces the triple inhibition of RSK, AKT, and S6k and, thereby, leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cell lines derived from various types of BCLs.

This article explores the potential causal relationship between childhood sunburn and the risk of melanoma through a Mendelian randomization design. The results suggest a positive correlation between genetically predicted childhood sunburn and the risk of melanoma. Therefore, this study provides potential evidence linking childhood sunburn to melanoma and suggests that individuals with a history of childhood sunburn should be more vigilant in preventing melanoma.

The study aimed to investigate the gut microbiome as a biomarker for predicting the early recurrence of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore the gut microbial–liver-metabolite axis. The research found that specific microbial species and metabolites were associated with the early recurrence of HCC and proposed a prediction model based on the gut microbiome. The study highlights the potential of gut microbes as effective biomarkers and provides insights into the potential mechanism by which gut microbes promote the early recurrence of HCC.

This is the first report of intratumor cellular heterogeneity at the single-cell level in gingivo-buccal oral cancer (OSCC-GB). Some unique malignant cell types were found when a precancerous lesion, oral submucous fibrosis, was concomitantly present with frank cancer (OSCC-GB). Malignant cell populations shared between tumors exhibited partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition or were enriched with fetal cell-type signatures. Double negative PLCG2⁺ T cells and intermediate M1–M2 macrophage polarization were also detected.

The knockdown of lncRNA DLGAP1-AS2 suppresses osteosarcoma progression by inhibiting aerobic glycolysis via the miR-451a/HK2 axis.

The phosphorylated form of histone H2AX (γ-H2AX) was a reliable biomarker for detecting bladder carcinogens in rats. However, it was not effective for hepatocarcinogens that did not stimulate hepatocyte proliferation. Increases in epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM/CD326)- and aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13)-positive hepatocytes were observed in rat hepatocytes exposed to various hepatocarcinogens, suggesting the potential of EpCAM and APN as complementary biomarkers with γ-H2AX for detecting chemical hepatocarcinogenicity.