Our findings showed that lncMIF-AS1 is involved in gastric cancer tumorigenesis as a tumor activator gene. Through upregulation of NDUFA4, lncMIF-AS1 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and repressed apoptosis. Moreover, we showed that lncMIF-AS1 activates NDUFA4 expression by sponging to miR-212-5p in gastric cancer cells. And inhibition of lnvMIF-AS1/miR-212-5p/NDUFA4 may provide an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) levels represented an adaptive immune resistance mechanism exerted by hepatocellular carcinoma cells in response to endogenous antitumor activity. Expression of IDO1 by either tumor cells or infiltrating inflammatory cells was a positive prognostic predictor in hepatocellular carcinoma.

This manuscript uncovered an important role of glutamine metabolism in regulating antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells cultured in glutamine-restricted conditions improved the efficacy of CD8+ T cell-based cancer adoptive immunotherapy.

Non-small cell lung cancer patients have high levels of Tfh cells, especially Tfh2 and Tfh17 subtypes, but Tfh cells from NSCLC patients have impaired function of IL-21 production and Tfh cells induced the differentiation of regulatory B cells and CD14⁺ HLA-DR⁻ cells.

Urea transporter B (UT-B) overexpression repressed B16 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro/vivo. The effect of UT-B on B16 cells was caused by activation of p53 and mitochondrial apoptosis. UT-B may be related to the occurrence of melanoma and play a role in tumor development.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of human epidermal growth factor receptor-3 (HER3) in radiotherapy resistance and further assess whether HER3 could be a potential target for radiosensitivity. We concluded that silencing HER3 could significantly increase the radiosensitivity of luminal A breast cancer cells and HER3 could be a potential target for radiotherapy.

Our data demonstrated that PIG3 might function as a FAK regulator in NSCLC and could serve as a novel prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in the treatment of NSCLC metastasis. This evidence will further help scientists to understand NSCLC progression and to develop new therapeutic strategies.

Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) shows tumor-promoting activity that increases the growth, invasion, and metastasis of basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) cells in vitro. Downregulation of CXC chemokine receptor-4 expression inhibits FOXC1-induced migration and invasion. FOXC1 could be of value as a potential therapeutic target for BLBC.

Our results underscore the phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) at the tyrosine 19 (Tyr-19) residue disrupts subcellular localization of SRSF1 and promotes cell proliferation in leukemic cells by accelerating cell-cycle progression. This study undoubtedly adds a new layer in understanding of how the posttranslational mechanism supports leukemia progression. Inhibitors targeting Tie2 kinase that could catalyze Tyr-19 phosphorylation of SRSF1 offer a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of pediatric ALL.

In this study, we investigated the cause of the limited therapeutic effect of the MEK inhibitor, selumetinib, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. The FGFR3 inhibitor PD173074 prevented MAPK rebound and sensitized the response of HNSCC cells to selumetinib.

Our results elucidated that CXCL1 and CXCL2, which were originally characterized as chemokines of neutrophils, specifically promoted the expansion of mo-MDSC, a subtype of MDSC, in the presence of GM-CSF. Moreover, we found that, in addition to the tumor cells, tumor-infiltrated CD11b+ myeloid cells also expressed CXCL1 and CXCL2. Therefore, inhibition of CXCL1 and CXCL2 could decrease mo-MDSC generation and improve host immunosurveillance.

Tripartite motif 36 has tumor-suppressive effects in prostate cancer. The effect was caused by regulation of apoptosis-related genes.

Exogenous expression of CDX2/CDX1 can lead to G0-G1 growth arrest in CDX-deficient gastric cancer cells, accompanied by induction of intestinal genes and decreased expression of gastric genes. Publicly available databases and hierarchical clustering of gastric tissue showed that gastric cancer with CDX expression has significantly better clinical outcomes. A novel therapy against gastric cancer based on induced intestinal differentiation may be possible in the future.

Thymoquinone inhibits the metastasis of RCC cells, and it induces autophagy of RCC cells via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Epidermal growth factor receptor phosphorylated GluN2B and thereby enhanced glutamate-NMDAR signaling and consequent cell migration in EGFR-overexpressing glioma cells.

The ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 is associated with prognostic outcome in cholangiocarcinoma patients. FBXW7 was found to regulate the migration and self-renewal of cholangiocarcinoma cells through modulation of NOTCH1 as well as CDDP-induced apoptosis through MCL1 accumulation for the first time in cholangiocarcinoma cells. These findings suggest that FBXW7 modulates the malignant potential of cholangiocarcinoma through two signals, NOTCH1 and MCL1.

There is no correlation between price of anticancer drugs and overall survival.

Variants in non-coding DNA may affect gene expression and, thereby, the prognosis of lung cancer patients. RegulomeDB can be used to select more putative functional variants in genetic association studies. rs2257609 C>T, which exists in the intron of SLC5A10, affected DRG2 expression and the survival outcome of lung cancer.

We demonstrated that enforced Mieap overexpression induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in breast cancer cells. The expression level of Mieap in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was significantly lower than that in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and benign tumours in vivo. The p53/Mieap/NIX/BNIP3-regulated MQC pathway was inactivated in IDC, which resulted in significantly shortened disease-free survival.

Quantitation of T790M in plasma is a clinically relevant approach to determine the T790M status of tumors.

We evaluated associations between clinical characteristics, including UGT1A1 polymorphisms, and chemoradiotherapy efficacy and toxicity. UGT1A1 polymorphisms were significantly associated with neutropenia and pathological good responses, but not with diarrhea.

Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PB-DLBCL) has a continuous pattern of relapse, especially with frequent late relapses in the central nervous system (CNS) and contralateral breast. Rituximab and radiotherapy confer complementary benefit in the reduction of relapse. However, neither the addition of rituximab nor prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy could effectively prevent CNS relapse for PB-DLBCL patients.

Preliminary results show that a patented single-channel intracavitary applicator might be able to provide protection for the rectum and bladder and seems to have the same clinical efficacy as the standard Fletcher-type 3-channel applicator in high dose rate brachytherapy for carcinoma of the cervix.

This phase 1 study investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity of olaratumab (olara), a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha, plus doxorubicin (DOX) in Japanese patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). Olara plus DOX had an acceptable safety profile in patients with STS. A loading dose of olara 20 mg/kg was effective for achieving minimum serum concentrations above the target trough level in Cycle 1.

Vitamin D deficiency was associated with inferior survival of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma but not with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Poor prognosis of vitamin D deficiency was related with increased inflammatory cytokines in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma.

A total of 227 FLT3-ITD sequences were analyzed from 227 Chinese adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. ITD could be classified into 3 types based on molecular profiles. ITD integration sites in the hinge region or beta1-sheet region are an unfavorable prognostic factor in adult AML patients with FLT3-ITD mutations.

Lenvatinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits VEGFR1-3, FGFR1-4, PDGFRα, RET and KIT. Here, we show that lenvatinib has immunomodulatory activity, which plays a role in the antitumor activity of single lenvatinib treatment, and enhances the antitumor activity of anti-PD-1 antibody in the combination treatment in the Hepa1-6 mouse HCC syngeneic tumor model.

Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling causes tumorigenesis and promotes the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. We report a novel tankyrase-specific PARP inhibitor RK-287107, which inhibits tankyrase-mediated PARylation of Axin and downregulates β-catenin signaling in APC-mutated colorectal cancer cells. RK-287107 exerts a proof-of-concept antitumor effect in vivo, and thus may have potential for cancer therapy.

Manhattan plot of gastric cancer GWAS.

We have shown that liquid-based genetic diagnosis should be a useful strategy to improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of endometrial screening.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is reported to include potential biomarkers of cancer. This work identified, by data mining, a group of lncRNAs that can predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

At the invasive front of adenocarcinomas, single cells and multicellular structures exist; the latter include glands and cell clusters. Using in vitro quantification methods, we found that the signaling pathways of cell dynamics are different between cell clusters and cysts (glands).