Annals of Neurology publishes original articles with a focus on diseases of the human nervous system. Articles should ideally remain of broad interest to the academic neurological community. Studies involving experimental model systems, including those in cell and organ cultures and animals, of direct translational relevance to the understanding of neurological disease are encouraged.

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Articles

Neuro‐Images

Soap Bubble Appearance in Cerebral Mucormycosis

Meiling Hu MM, Yu Tong MM, Kunyi Li MD, Lan Wen MD, 
  •  21 July 2025
Research Article

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Overactivity: A Potentially Critical Contributor to Postural Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease

Sha Zhu MD, Ronghua Hong MD, Zhuang Wu MD, Yunjun Bao MM, Yunping Song PhD, Guojiong Hu MD, Zhongfei Bai PhD, Feifei Zhu MSc, Zhenhua Liao BSc, Lizhen Pan MD, Qiang Guan PhD, Zhuoyu Zhang PhD, Lingjing Jin PhD, 
  •  16 July 2025
Research Article
Open access

Cognitive Performance in Early Neuronal Synuclein Disease with Hyposmia but without Motor Disability: Association with Dopamine Deficiency and Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder

Daniel Weintraub MD, Anuprita R. Nair MPH, Ryan Kurth MS, Michael C. Brumm MS, Christine Kohnen PhD, Michele K. York PhD, Roseanne D. Dobkin PhD, Kenneth Marek MD, Caroline Tanner MD, PhD, Tanya Simuni MD, Andrew Siderowf MD, MSCE, Douglas Galasko MD, Lana M. Chahine MD, Christopher Coffey PhD, Kalpana Merchant PhD, Kathleen L. Poston MD, MS, Tatiana Foroud PhD, Brit Mollenhauer MD, Ethan G. Brown MD, Karl Kieburtz MD, MPH, Mark Frasier PhD, Sohini Chowdhury MA, Roy N. Alcalay MD, MS, Aleksandar Videnovic MD, The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative, 
  •  11 July 2025
Research Article
Open access

Mapping Postictal Aphasia through Signal Complexity: A Stereo‐Electroencephalography Study

Ionuț-Flavius Bratu MD, Christian G. Bénar PhD, Samuel Medina Villalon Eng, Lison Ciavatti MSc, Fantine Mazel MSc, Fabrice Bartolomei MD, PhD, Agnès Trébuchon MD, PhD, 
  •  11 July 2025
Research Article
Open access

Sex Differences in Associations of Lewy Body Disease with Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline

Madeline Wood Alexander BA, D. Luke Fischer MD, PhD, Lawren VandeVrede MD, PhD, Emma Nichols PhD, Lei Yu PhD, James R. Pike MBA, Walter Swardfager PhD, Che-Yuan Wu BSc, Mario Masellis MD, PhD, Liisa A. M. Galea PhD, Katherine Zukotynski MD, Gillian Einstein PhD, Sandra E. Black MD, Lisa L. Barnes PhD, Julie A. Schneider MD, MS, Zoe Arvanitakis MD, MS, Kaitlin B. Casaletto PhD, Jennifer S. Rabin PhD, 
  •  11 July 2025
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The following is a list of the most cited articles based on citations published in the last three years, according to CrossRef.

Open access

Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald criteria

Chris H. Polman MD, PhD, Stephen C. Reingold PhD, Brenda Banwell MD, Michel Clanet MD, Jeffrey A. Cohen MD, Massimo Filippi MD, Kazuo Fujihara MD, Eva Havrdova MD, PhD, Michael Hutchinson MD, Ludwig Kappos MD, Fred D. Lublin MD, Xavier Montalban MD, Paul O'Connor MD, Magnhild Sandberg-Wollheim MD, PhD, Alan J. Thompson MD, Emmanuelle Waubant MD, PhD, Brian Weinshenker MD, Jerry S. Wolinsky MD, 
  •  292-302
  •  11 January 2011

Impairment of paravascular clearance pathways in the aging brain

Benjamin T. Kress BA, Jeffrey J. Iliff PhD, Maosheng Xia MD, PhD, Minghuan Wang MD, PhD, Helen S. Wei BS, Douglas Zeppenfeld BS, Lulu Xie PhD, Hongyi Kang BS, Qiwu Xu BS, Jason A. Liew, Benjamin A. Plog BA, Fengfei Ding MD, PhD, Rashid Deane PhD, Maiken Nedergaard MD, PhD, 
  •  845-861
  •  10 September 2014
full access

Physical basis of cognitive alterations in alzheimer's disease: Synapse loss is the major correlate of cognitive impairment

Robert D. Terry MD, Eliezer Masliah MD, David P. Salmon PhD, Nelson Butters PhD, Richard DeTeresa BS, Robert Hill PhD, Lawrence A. Hansen MD, Robert Katzman MD, 
  •  572-580
  •  October 1991

Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer's disease with Pittsburgh Compound-B

William E. Klunk MD, PhD, Henry Engler MD, Agneta Nordberg MD, PhD, Yanming Wang PhD, Gunnar Blomqvist PhD, Daniel P. Holt BS, Mats Bergström PhD, Irina Savitcheva MD, Guo-Feng Huang PhD, Sergio Estrada PhD, Birgitta Ausén MSCI, Manik L. Debnath MS, Julien Barletta BS, Julie C. Price PhD, Johan Sandell PhD, Brian J. Lopresti BS, Anders Wall PhD, Pernilla Koivisto PhD, Gunnar Antoni PhD, Chester A. Mathis PhD, Bengt Långström PhD, 
  •  306-319
  •  21 January 2004

Paraneoplastic anti–N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma

Josep Dalmau MD, PhD, Erdem Tüzün MD, Hai-yan Wu PhD, Jaime Masjuan MD, Jeffrey E. Rossi BA, Alfredo Voloschin MD, Joachim M. Baehring MD, Haruo Shimazaki MD, PhD, Reiji Koide MD, Dale King MD, Warren Mason MD, Lauren H. Sansing MD, Marc A. Dichter MD, PhD, Myrna R. Rosenfeld MD, PhD, David R. Lynch MD, PhD, 
  •  25-36
  •  29 January 2007
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