This study examines cancer incidence in Kabul, Afghanistan, using data from the first population-based cancer registry established in the region. It highlights the burden of cancer types most prevalent in the population, providing critical insights into the patterns and disparities compared to neighboring countries. The findings underscore the importance of localized data for developing effective cancer prevention, early detection, and control strategies in resource-limited and conflict-affected settings.

Geographical distribution of the number of pathogenic variants of BRCA1/2 by prefecture. Plots with detections above the predicted values (95% Bayesian prediction interval) were marked with *.

The microbiome, an environmental factor, can contribute to DNA damage and affect mutation accumulation. Infections with genotoxin-producing pathobionts can induce inflammation and oxidative stress through reactive nitrogen and oxygen species, which may influence MSI.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening participation in Japan increased from 40.5% in 2021 to 48.7% in 2022, indicating partial recovery from pandemic disruptions. Key factors negatively affecting 2022 screening participation included younger age (40s–50s), being unmarried, employment status (self-employed or unemployed), and lower COVID-19 anxiety scores, highlighting persistent barriers to screening despite overall improvement.

GASTROClear, a blood serum miRNA panel, shows promise for early gastric cancer detection in a Japanese population. Combined with other serum markers, it enhances diagnostic accuracy.

We here revealed that cancer-derived exosomes promote angiogenesis during cancer progression, and GW4869 treatment would sensitize the cancer cell to doxorubicin mainly by inhibiting angiogenesis.

Testicular cancer survivors face a significantly higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to non-cancer controls. Vigilant metabolic health monitoring and preventive strategies are crucial in survivorship care to mitigate long-term cardiovascular risks.

NLRP1, a key component of the inflammasome complex, has emerged as a significant factor in cancer development. Through a systematic in silico study, we observed NLRP1 dysregulation in multiple tumor types, with significant correlations to survival outcomes, cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration, and drug sensitivity, highlighting its potential as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment strategies.

This population-based registry study, including 516,678 primary cancer cases and 2,357,433 matched controls, investigated the relationship between sick leave due to severe stress, including the duration of leave and future cancer risk. Results show that sick leave due to severe stress was associated with a modestly higher risk of cancer overall and prostate and cervical cancers specifically, which may have relevance for cancer prevention.

Our study used advanced multimodal imaging techniques to demonstrate significant damage to retinal oxygen metabolism, vascular structure, and retinal blood flow in CM patients after iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy. These findings may provide new pathophysiological insights into hypoxia in solid tumors after radiotherapy.