Microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) DNA by NGS is feasible and the results show a high concordance in comparison with the monomorphic marker MSI-PCR (overall sensitivity and specificity of the NGS assay in comparison with the MMR-IHC/MSI-PCR were 92.2% and 98.8%). However, cases with a subtle MSI+ phenotype, most frequently manifest in endometrial cancer (EC), have a risk of a false-negative result by NGS and should be preferentially analyzed by capillary electrophoresis.

In the era of immunity and targeted therapy, the existing International Prognostic Index scoring system has failed to fully identify high-risk population for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). By analyzing the positron emission tomography/computed tomography parameters and next-generation sequencing of primary DLBCL patients in the training cohort and validation cohort, we found the nomogram based on imaging factors and TP53 status could lead to a more accurate selection of DLBCL patients with rapid progression, to increase tailor therapy.

1. The delayed TTT was driven by preoperative referrals in T1b/T2 GBC patients.
2. The delayed TTT would not impact survival and surgery-related outcomes in T1b/T2 GBC patients.
3. Surgeons should make surgical approaches decisions for T1b/T2 GBC patients based on their surgical skills rather than TTT.

U2AF1 mutations and ASXL1 alterations are present in approximately half of myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) patients with isolated 20q deletion [del(20q)]. U2AF1 mutations have a negative prognostic impact in MDS with isolated del(20q). U2AF1 mutation burden was found to influence prognosis.

This study evaluated the clinical significance of primary resistant disease (PRD) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO+IPI) as first-line therapy. Of the 120 patients included, 23.4% experienced PRD, which was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio: 4.525). Lymph node metastasis (LNM) was an independent risk factor for PRD. This study suggests that LNM could be used to identify patients who may not benefit from NIVO+IPI as first-line therapy.

The present study is the first one to evaluate the learning curve of trans-areola single-site endoscopic thyroidectomy (TASSET) in terms of operation time and surgical stress. Experience of 41 cases was required for surgical competence and proficiency in TASSET and benign nodule cases were recommended for the learning stage.

The risk of new and worsening cancer events was assessed among participants who received the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor alirocumab combined with a statin. Our results demonstrated that intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering does not appear to increase the risk of new or worsening cancer events.

Previous studies have revealed an association between probiotic use and effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in renal and lung cancers. This study showed that probiotics may improve the response to nivolumab and potentially prolong progression-free survival in patients with gastric cancer.

The third dose of an mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine showed a booster effect in patients with myeloid malignancies. The third vaccine resulted in a significantly improved response even in actively treated MDS patients who had shown an inferior response.

Therapy-related AML patients had for the majority of them unfavorable features. Among whole population of our study 50% of patients received intensive chemotherapy (71% of CR), 30% nonintensive chemotherapy (12% of CR) and the rest, best supportive care. Median OS and Median DFS were 9 months and 6.3 months in the whole population and 13.5 months and 8.2 months in treated population. Best outcomes obtained in patients receiving IC must be balanced by known confounding variables and should be improved by using new innovative agents and therapeutic strategies.

Comprehensive evaluation of interventional clinical trials in the ClinicalTrials.gov registry revealed low but increasing rates of clinical outcome assessment incorporation in oncology trials. While the study revealed a positive impact of regulatory and advocacy efforts on increasing use of clinical outcome assessments, there remains a need to further target early phase and treatment-focused oncology trials.

Genetic analyses using cerebrospinal fluid cell-free DNA (CSF-cfDNA) (liquid biopsy) is a useful strategy for distinguishing central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) from CNS infectious/demyelinating diseases. Genetic analysis using CSF-cfDNA can be contribute to earlier detection of CNSL than conventional methods.

This single-center retrospective real world study includes 121 patients diagnosed with locally advanced or primary metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma who were treated with chemotherapy doublet, with either Gem-Nab or Gem-Ox in palliative first-line. Survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and comparisons were made with log-rank tests.

Accurate pathological diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) poses a challenge for cytopathologists. Therefore, we aimed to develop a hyperspectral imaging (HSI)-based convolution neural network (CNN) algorithm to aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic cytology specimens obtained using endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/B). A total of 1913 HSI images were obtained from 33 benign pancreatic tissue samples and 39 PDAC specimens, and the model was trained on these images.

There were significant differences in the height SDS at 2 and 3 years after allo-HSCT between MAC and RIC group (−1.33 ± 1.20 vs. −0.76 ± 1.12, p = 0.048, −1.55 ± 1.28 vs. −0.75 ± 1.11, p = 0.022, respectively).

Amongst patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy, a J-shape relationship exists between baseline uric acid level and the risk of prostate cancer-related mortality, with both high and low uric acid levels being associated with similarly elevated risks when compared against normal uric acid levels.

The ONO-4538-52/TASUKI-52 study investigated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab versus placebo, both combined with platinum chemotherapy and bevacizumab, as first-line treatment for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). After a minimum follow-up of 19.4 months, overall survival significantly favored the nivolumab arm, and this survival benefit was observed regardless of programmed death-ligand 1 expression level. These results indicate that nivolumab plus platinum chemotherapy and bevacizumab is an effective option for treatment-naive patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC without driver mutations.

Thyroid cancers can be divided into radioactive iodine (RAI) refractory and RAI effective cancers depending on the degree of iodine uptake. In addition, thyroid cancers are further classified as immune cold and immune hot because FDG uptake represents the immune abundancy of the thyroid cancer microenvironment.

The heterogenicity of stage IIIa NSCLC is seldom reported. In this cohort study using Taiwan Society of Cancer Registry data, 4232 patients were enrolled between 2010 and 2018. The heterogenicity of T1N2 had the best outcomes, followed by T4N0.

The COVID-19 pandemic briefly changed the tumour characteristics of children presenting with renal tumours. During the first peak of COVID-19, more children presented with metastatic disease and median tumour volume was higher. Further analyses after longer follow-up is needed to study the influence on clinical outcomes.

We investigated if coagulation proteins promote proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, and whether their direct inhibitors can attenuate these effects. Thrombin, factor Xa and tissue factor all increase migration in CRC in vitro. A thrombin-induced increase in proliferation is abrogated by dabigatran.

ADT-OH combined with celecoxib synergistically inhibited the proliferation and migration ability of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells, altered the cell cycle and cytoskeleton, increased intracellular ROS, and promoted cell apoptosis (Figure 8). Furthermore, in vivo, experiments with HCT116 xenografts in nude mice showed that the combination therapy inhibited tumor growth more effectively than ADT-OH and celecoxib alone. In summary, this work elucidates the potential of ADT-OH combined with celecoxib as an effective combination therapy strategy for colorectal cancer patients.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the quality of life (QoL), mental health in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients with diverse tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) dose, and perspective on TKI dose reduction as a prelude to discontinuation. TKI dose reduction showed a significant improvement of patients' QoL and mental health, comparable to the effect of TKI discontinuation. Most patients preferred dose reduction before discontinuing TKI therapy. In clinical practice, TKI dose reduction can be considered as a bridge from full-dose TKI treatment to TKI discontinuation.

This study aimed to investigate interactive participation and content of a moderated discussion forum within a web-based intervention for young adult cancer survivors experiencing fertility distress and sexual dysfunction. The discussion forum was utilized by a majority of intervention participants, and provided appreciated support for those who posted in the forum. We recommend similar interventions to include this opportunity for interaction and communication among young adult cancer survivors.

In order to test the hypothesis of supporters of assisted suicide (AS) that legalization of this procedure might be able to prevent cases of conventional suicide (CS), we tested the long-term development of 30,756 self-initiated deaths in Switzerland over a 20-year period (1999–2018; CS: n = 22,018, AS: n = 8738), focusing on people suffering from cancer who died from AS or CS. While cancer was the most often listed principal disease for AS (n = 3580, 41.0% of AS cases), cancer was listed in only a small minority of CS cases (n = 832, 3.8% of CS cases). There was a significant increase in the absolute number of cancer-associated AS cases in that there was approximately a doubling of cases every 5 years (1999–2003: n = 228, 2004–2008: n = 474, 2009–2013: n = 920, 2014–2018: n = 1958). In parallel, the numbers of cancer-associated CS remained comparatively stable (1999–2003: n = 240, 2004–2008: n = 199, 2009–2013: n = 187, 2014–2018, n = 206). The assumption that, with the increasingly accessible option of AS for patients with cancer, CS suicide will become “superfluous” cannot be confirmed. There are strong reasons indicating that situations and circumstances of cancer-associated CS are different from those for cancer-associated AS.

In this study we developed a new ultra short survey (14 questions) to identify (and possibly resolve) barriers to screening for distress in patients with cancer. Despite international guidelines recommending screening for distress in all cancer patients, screening rates are low internationally. The survey presented should be a tool for hospital administrators to rapidly identify reasons for low screening rates and implement remedies. The study also presents results from surveying a total of 248 nurses in Switzerland responsible for distress screening on their perceived barriers. Across several hospitals in Switzerland, the timing of the first distress screening, lack of capacity, patient and staff overload, and refusal of distressed patients to be referred to support services emerged as major problems.

This study of women with breast cancer living in Georgia showed that patients who were Medicare enrollees, Medicaid enrollees, and uninsured had significantly higher odds of treatment delays compared to privately insured patients. Significant differences in odds of treatment delays by insurance coverage were observed for patients living in neighborhoods of low deprivation but not for those living in areas of high deprivation. Policy and interventions should target equity in insurance coverage to improve timely treatment initiation.

The graphical table of contents depicts the flow of cancer information, data acquisition and diagnosis.

Despite increasing use of conservative management for men with prostate cancer, there is tremendous variation in its uptake. This variation may be amplified by features of the delivery system, particularly among men with competing health risks, for whom treatment decisions are challenging. In this study, we find that variation in use of treatment was highest for men with high and very high-risk noncancer mortality. Characteristics of the delivery system, measured at the level of the practice explained a large share of this variation.

Quality of life (QoL) mediates the urgency syndrome and disability pension association among gynecological cancer survivors. Promoting QoL among gynecological cancer survivors may be an important approach to decrease their early exit from work-life.

Using large population-based data, this study shows the individual and joint effect of SES and lifestyle factors on cancer incidence and mortality, varied by cancer type and sex. Individuals of the lowest income and unhealthiest lifestyle experience the highest risk for cancer incidence and mortality. The effect appeared to be stronger with cancer-specific mortality than with cancer incidence among both sexes, with men showing a more substantial effect than women.

Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a poor prognosis and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study found that patients treated with tislelizumab had greater improvements in the HRQoL measures of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC lung cancer module (QLQ-LC13) scales and scores compared with patients treated with docetaxel. These results support the favorable risk-benefit ratio of tislelizumab as a second-line therapy in patients with NSCLC who previously failed treatment with a platinum-containing chemotherapy.

In this study, we have constructed a regulatory network based on angiogenesis-related gene signature and identified a signaling pathway, WWTR1 (TAZ)-ANXA1, COL6A1, and PDPN-EMT, which may provide new therapeutic strategies by utilizing the signaling axis in tumor angiogenesis we proposed for GBM patients.