Highlights

• Women whose husbands are smokers are at an increased risk of having impaired fasting glucose or diabetes, and this association exists in both a categorical and dose-response manner.
• We found an interaction effect of body mass index and husbands’ smoking on the risk of dysglycemia in their wives.
• Husbands' smoking cessation or reduced amount of smoking is beneficial for prevention of dysglycemia in their wives.
• Practical family-oriented approaches for smoking cessation and smoking restriction are warranted.

Highlights

• To explore the localized “Mediterranean diet” for metabolic disorders prevention in China, we review the main healthy diet components, which the native inhabitants in the Yangtze River Delta region have eaten for a long time, and refer to this healthy diet as “Jiangnan Diet.”

Highlights

• We observed significant and positive associations of the risk of type 2 diabetes with BMI, WC and WHtR, and we identified BMI as the best obesity predictor for diabetes.
• Our derived cutoff points were lower than the values specified in the most current Asian diabetes guidelines, and we recommend a cutoff point for BMI in Asians of 23 kg/m² and a cutoff point for WC of 89 cm in men and 77 cm in women to define high-risk groups for type 2 diabetes; screening should be considered for these populations.

Highlights

• In a cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), we observed an increased use of metformin (59%-68%) and a decreased use of sulfonylureas (55%-37%) and thiazolidinediones (25%-5%) in 2013-2016 compared to 2006-2008.
• Guideline-discordant use of metformin (8% of CKD stage 4/5) and glyburide (3% of CKD stages 3-5) observed in 2013-2016 warrants stronger policy implementations regarding inappropriate drug use.

Highlights

• In our study, we adopted propensity matching, which included 1015 patients and 30 types of surgeries.
• The results show that patients who receive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy have a lower incidence of perioperative fever, a lower positive rate of postoperative secretion culture, and a shorter duration of antibiotic use.
• These results indicate that CSII therapy reduces the risk of postoperative infection and improves the prognosis of patients.

Highlights

• In patients with hypertension and diabetes, early detection and intervention of insulin resistance and related risk factors in patients with normal BMI may reduce the occurrence of urinary microalbumin and delay the progression of CKD.