Highlights

• Patients with diabetes carry a residual risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and mortality events after bariatric surgery: compared with patients without diabetes, the risk is 26%, 21%, 42%, and 61% higher for all-cause mortality, cancer, heart failure, and stroke, respectively, and double for myocardial infarction.
• The risk of death after bariatric surgery remains higher in patients without diabetes than in subjects of same age from the general population.

Highlights

• Patients with type 1 diabetes are at risk for other autoimmune diseases (ie polyautoimmunity); the most common autoimmune diseases were thyroid disease (20.1%), systemic rheumatic diseases (3.4%), rheumatoid arthritis specifically (2.0%), and gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases (1.4%).
• Caucasians were more likely than other ethnicities to have an additional autoimmune disease.
• Autoimmune disease prevalence increased with age, significantly in women, with 38.5% of women over 80 years of age having an additional autoimmune disease.

Highlights

• Given the increased prevalence of and higher susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases in the Chinese population, understanding the roles of genetic and non-genetic factors in the pathogenesis of diseases, identifying novel biomarkers for disease prediction, and eventually developing more effective intervention strategies are urgently needed.
• “Omics”-based technologies, especially newly emerged metabolomics, have shown great potential in discovering novel biomarkers for precision health. However, there are still many challenges to be overcome.

Highlights

• Since its first development, manufactured insulin has become increasingly concentrated.
• Concentrated insulins expand the options currently available to healthcare professionals in optimizing treatment for patients. Concentrated insulins provide changes in time-action profiles, smaller injection volumes, and potentially fewer injections, which may improve patients’ experience with insulin and may lead to better adherence.
• Healthcare professionals need to understand concentrated insulins to advise their patients. Patient education concerning concentrated insulins is key to their safe and effective use.

Highlights

• Combined treatment of blood flow restriction and low-intensity electrical stimulation (ES) can rescue diabetes mellitus-associated downregulation of protein synthesis and decreased translational activity and capacity.
• The study findings suggest that combined treatment with blood flow restriction and low-intensity ES has the potential to become an effective therapeutic intervention to prevent diabetes-associated muscle atrophy.