Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.) possess multiple health benefits.

• All the parts of the dragon fruit, namely, flesh, peel and seeds are enriched with several phytoconstituents.
• The phytoconstituents of the dragon fruit are linked with therapeutic properties like antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anticancer, and nutraceutical.
• The review provides a framework for researchers across different fields to establish the mechanistic correlation between the phytoconstituents and therapeutic benefits of this wonder fruit.

• Different oligosaccharides were prepared by gel-filtration and HPLC chromatography from the hydrolysate of Tremella polysaccharide.
• The structures of the oligosaccharide were identified as (1→3) oligomannans by component sugars, methylation and LC-MS analysis.
• The cell experiment showed the (1→3) hexmannan is the smallest active structure for keeping the cytokine-stimulating activity. The result shall be profitable in further utilization and research for Tremella polysaccharide.

The present study confirms the link between high galactose levels and apoptosis of lens epithelial cells. Esculetin has been found to prevent the accumulation of polyol and AGEs in the lens tissue. Esculetin and idebenone have been found to protect the lens against galactose-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation. Overall, esculetin and idebenone are potentially useful for delaying galactose-induced cataractogensis through the suppression of apoptotic cell death in the lens epithelium.

C. maxima alkaloids were found to have high protective effect on erythrocytes and leukocytes against H₂O₂ induced oxidative stress. C. maxima seed extract may have several properties compound that leading to opening of new avenues in the natural product for therapeutic purpose.

α-Amy and α-Glu are the crucial starch digestive enzymes associated with type II diabetes mellitus in humans. Persimmon is an excellent source of bio-functional tannins which potentially mitigate the type II diabetes. This study showed that PT beneficially decreased the action of the carbohydrate digestion-related enzymes, namely α-Amy and α-Glu via interaction simultaneously, which could be used to formulate a functional food and natural medicine.

Grapefruit juice administration lower the body uric acid level in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice.

Wheat middlings were bioprocessed with lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Bioprocessed wheat middlings exhibited antioxidant, antibrowning, antibacterial and prebiotic properties, probably associated with the increase of total phenolic content. This can be a valuable approach to improve the availability of health-promoting compounds from byproducts of wheat flour production.

1. Cucumis bisexualis is not only a favourite fruit, but also a traditional Chinere medicine.
2. Four new homoisoflavonoids (1–4), and eight known homoisoflavonoid derivatives (5–12) were isolated from C. bisexualis for the first time.
3. Compounds 3, 4, 8, and 9 exhibited certain hepatoprotective activities.

• In the current study, propolis was evaluated as a possible anti-diabetic agent thanks to in vitro and in vivo data.
• It was emphasized that ethanolic propolis extract significantly decreased the blood sugar level in diabetic rats and it showed a promising effect on the tissue of pancreatic, hepatic, and renal.
• As a consequence of the experimental analysis and biochemical evaluations, the studied doses of ethanolic extracts could be consumed as a natural product against diabetes disease.

Neferine, a natural alkaloid, significantly inhibits the survival of human prostate cancer cells and cancer stem cells through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The molecule also prevents cancer stem cell migration, an important event for cancer metastasis in the body. The results of the study suggest that neferine may have a therapeutic effect on human prostate cancer.

Based on the results of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl and high performance liquid chromatography, the contribution ratio of each tea compound to the antioxidant ability was analyzed by the Pearson correlation analysis and the partial least squares regression. We obtain a better understanding of the antioxidant activity of complex tea polyphenols component.

The polyphenol content in V. ervilia seeds average at 0.13%. Luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, and quercetin were the main aglycones. Total free amino acids ranged from 0.05% to 0.19%, and canavanine represented between 9% and 22% of these. V. ervilia seed extracts inhibited the growth of Caco-2 cells and exhibited antioxidant properties in these cells. The average protein content in V. ervilia seeds was 24.1%. V. ervilia seeds proved a good substrate for the preparation of high-quality protein isolates.

Walnut oil (WO) supplementation improves the metabolic response to rats fed high fat (HFD) and high carbohydrate (HCD) by reducing of hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and NADPH oxidase subunit p22^phox, whereas increasing the endothelial-NO synthase (e-NOS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), and sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1).

Orizabin suppresses inflammatory and adhesion of THP-1 cells and HUVECs, and inhibits macrophage differentiation and lipid uptake in THP-1 cells. Furthermore, Orizabin significantly promoted PTEN mRNA expression in THP-1 cells. Tithonia diversifolia-derived orizabin suppresses Akt signaling pathway and NFκB transcriptional activity, and it has anti-atherosclerotic function.

1. BA showed a time- and dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro.
2. BA could significantly induce cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent and remarkably suppressed the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.
3. BA significantly retarded tumor growth in the xenograft tumor mouse model by suppressing tumor cells proliferation.

• M. australis root extract significantly alleviated liver damage in mice.
• Ten flavonoids from this extract exhibited protection on carbon tetrachloride intoxicated HepG2 cell lines.
• Contents of ten individual flavonoids and total flavonoids of this extract were analyzed by HPLC-DAD method.

Moringa leaf extracts from two cultivars of M. oleifera from South Korea and Cambodia showed both antioxidant and antiobesity activities. Using 3T3-L1 cells, antiobesity effects were shown to inhibit related protein expression in both adipogenesis and lipogenesis.

• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated chronic relapsing disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) featuring chronic bowel inflammation
• Arthrocen is a plant-based dietary supplement containing avocado and soy unsaponifiable extracts in a ratio of 1:2 that have showed anti-inflammatory properties
• This study shows that Arthrocen reduced acetic acid induced colitis in rats through the inhibition of NF-kB signaling pathway

1. 1-MCP treatment controlled ethanol accumulation via regulating the higher ATP and EC in kiwifruit cv. ‘Bruno’ during storage.
2. 1-MCP treatment regulated the mitochondrial energy metabolism-related enzymatic activities.
3. 1-MCP treatment maintained oxidative phosphorylation by regulating TCA and NADH/NAD⁺ ratio.

Inflammation is a defense response of the body to stimuli. Curly dock (CD) is an herbal food with anti-inflammatory effects. Beopje is a herbal food processing method that reduces toxicity and enhances beneficial effects. This study investigated the effects of CD and Beopje curly dock (CD-B) extracts on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory damage in RAW 264.7 cells. Our results indicate that CD-B has a more significant inhibitory effect on the LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells than CD, suggesting that the Beopje process potentially enhances the anti-inflammatory effect of CD.

• A method for optimal extraction of Desmodesmus armatus polysaccharide was obtained through orthogonal experiment.
• Four polysaccharides fractions (DAP1, DAP2, DAP3 and DAP4) were obtained and their physicochemical properties were studied.
• DAP2 and DAP3 have strong scavenging effects on ABTS, DPPH and hydroxyl radicals.

• ddY mice were fed diets of casein-beef tallow (CT) or egg yolk (EY) for 14 days
• Caecal Lachnospiraceae-like bacteria numbers were higher in CT-fed mice
• Allobaculum-, L. murinus-, and B. vulgatus-like bacteria were higher in EY-fed mice

The combined Zingiber officinale-Terminalia chebula treatment against fructose-streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes rat models can help regulate blood glucose, insulin levels, insulin resistance and normalize pancreatic β cell damage via downregulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR).

• Two metalloproteases with fibrinolytic activity from Gonjaegijot, a Korean traditional fermented food of pickled opossum shrimp were identified, and named them as JP-I and JP-II, respectively.
• The optimal condition for fibrinolytic activity of JP-I was at 50°C and pH 8.1, while that of JP-II was at 45°C and 9.9.
• The results suggest that the JP-I and JP-II, having direct-acting for fibrin, has enough potential to be novel agents for antithrombotic agents for cardiovascular diseases and possible complications.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of FRB on N-diethylnitrosamine-induced oxidative stress through DNA methylation and telomere length analysis. The results show that FRB may alleviate DEN-triggered oxidative stress, based on changes in glutathione-S-transferase P1, long interspersed nuclear element-1 methylation and telomere length ratios, thereby revealing the potential of dietary intervention during inflammation.

The nanofiltrated deep ocean water (DOW) rich in magnesium possesses a protective effect in ovariectomy (OVX)-caused osteoporosis. Estrogen depletion reduces the rate of osteoblast differentiation, while supplementation of DOW is capable of maintaining the bone structure through upregulating the osteoblast differentiation.