This study highlights three different types of calls in a cryptic species and provides morphological information related to its way of life. The fish paedomorphic form could be due to requirement related to host distinctive features.

The frontal sinus is highly variable in size, shape, and distribution throughout the bone. This study shows that it is difficult to describe ontogenetic trajectories of the human frontal sinus growth encompassing the entire range of variation. However, we show that the frontal sinus volume and distribution is associated with frontal bone thickness; in particular, with the thickness of the glabellar region.

In female Percnon gibbesi, the oviduct enters into a cuticular duct that is separated from the seminal receptacle. Additionally an accessory cuticle cavity, the bursa is present. Both are a novel combination of character states in Thoracotremata.

Graphic Abstract figure indicates the different levels of organization addressed in this paper: Organism, tendon tissue anatomy and tendon ultrastructure, as showed in the arboreal frog Phyllomedusa sauvagii.

Studies on the development of the tetrapod pectoral and pelvic girdles are biased to bone structures, making our knowledge of the soft elements such as muscles and tendons more necessary. Only a few papers compare the pectoral and pelvic girdles development. Here, we present comparative data on cleared-and-stained whole mounts and serial histological sections of 10 hylid species. We studied the skeletal adult morphology and the development of bones, muscles, and connective tissue of both girdles, and their association with the proximal portion of the anuran fore and hindlimbs. We performed an ancestral state reconstruction considering the timing of appearance of key structures of both girdles. Our data suggest that any similarity could be attributable to the constraints of their ball-and-socket joints, including incorporation of the girdle and stylopodium into a single developmental module. We also show that the anatomy and development of the pectoral and pelvic girdles of hylid anurans remain profoundly different from each other as they were already in the earliest fishes.

Silver carp are invasive species characterized by complex filtering structures. Early in development, gill rakers of silver carp are similar to those of their sister species. During ontogeny, individual gill rakers of silver carp stitch together to form complex three-tiered filtering plates.

Three-dimensional reconstructions from historic histological slides reveal unappreciated complexity in chiton nervous systems. The concentration and organisation of nervous tissue in the oesophageal nerve ring in eight species unambiguously qualify it as a true brain.

Scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts confirms a 3D microvascular network throughout the entire brain parenchyma in Xenopus laevis Daudin and allows correlating individual vascular patterns to defined brain areas.

The intrafollicular fertilization of Heterandria formosa shows that sperm contact the oocyte when germinal and follicular epithelia open. Later, the germinal epithelium forms the fertilization plug that it is the site for birth.

Pselaphines are speciose and ecologically abundant within tropical leaf litters, with many exhibiting myrmecophily. Functional traits associated with myrmecophily increase as ant abundance increases.

A scaling method based on a jackknifing procedure and a pictorial method based on digitizing two orthogonal photographs provide estimations of limb segmental masses and lengths that are comparable with those derived from regression equations.