Journal of Biophotonics

A novel method for detecting neurovascular structures, predicting their diameter and depth using frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy and machine learning was introduced. Key findings include selecting the type of light detector, creating feature vectors, algorithms, and experimental testing of the feasibility of partial training on the simulated data.

Skin is an anisotropic material, and variations in measurement orientation can significantly affect elasticity estimation. This study investigates the impact of wave propagation direction on the accuracy and robustness of elasticity measurements, using surface acoustic wave optical coherence tomography (SAW-OCT) on both ex vivo chicken thigh samples and in vivo human forearms. The findings offer valuable insights into optimal measurement orientations, providing potential guidance for accurate and reliable skin assessment in clinical applications.

This study aims to investigate the correlation between the characteristics of fingerprint-guided sweat ducts assessed by optical coherence tomography and diabetic neuropathy (DN). The number, volume, and spacing of sweat ducts are correlated with the severity of DN. The Voronoi diagram of the sweat duct distribution demonstrates irregularities in the spatial distribution among patients with DN. These findings suggest that OCT-assessed sweat duct features may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for DN in patients with diabetes.

We applied functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to detect the brain function within the prefrontal cortex in the 23 typically developing (TD) preschool children and 48 children with high-functioning autism (HFA), aiming to observe the differences in brain function within the prefrontal cortex between the two groups. We found that the activation degree of channels 6–7-11 corresponding to the activation area of the right prefrontal lobe in the HFA group is significantly higher than that in the Typical Development TD group. Moreover, the number and intensity of brain functional connectivity in the HFA group are significantly lower than those in the TD group. The active areas of the brain network in the HFA group are not as concentrated as those in the TD group. This demonstrates that fNIRS detection can serve as a potential biomarker for the brain activity within the prefrontal cortex of preschool children with HFA.

WMPFI captures polarized light interactions with anisotropic fluorescent molecules (distribution/orientation), enabling superior sensitivity, contrast, and resolution over conventional fluorescence imaging, particularly in anisotropic structures (e.g., cell membranes).